Mismatched Related Donor Versus Matched Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplantation for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Acute Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome
A Multi-Center, Phase 3, Randomized Trial of Matched Unrelated Donor (MUD) Versus HLA-Haploidentical Related (Haplo) Myeloablative Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults (AYA) With Acute Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
3 other identifiers
interventional
435
3 countries
63
Brief Summary
This phase III trial compares hematopoietic (stem) cell transplantation (HCT) using mismatched related donors (haploidentical \[haplo\]) versus matched unrelated donors (MUD) in treating children, adolescents, and young adults with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). HCT is considered standard of care treatment for patients with high-risk acute leukemia and MDS. In HCT, patients are given very high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, which is intended to kill cancer cells that may be resistant to more standard doses of chemotherapy; unfortunately, this also destroys the normal cells in the bone marrow, including stem cells. After the treatment, patients must have a healthy supply of stem cells reintroduced or transplanted. The transplanted cells then reestablish the blood cell production process in the bone marrow. The healthy stem cells may come from the blood or bone marrow of a related or unrelated donor. If patients do not have a matched related donor, doctors do not know what the next best donor choice is. This trial may help researchers understand whether a haplo related donor or a MUD HCT for children with acute leukemia or MDS is better or if there is no difference at all.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P50-P75 for phase_3
Started Mar 2023
Typical duration for phase_3
63 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
July 11, 2022
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
July 14, 2022
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
March 15, 2023
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
June 30, 2026
ExpectedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
June 30, 2026
December 22, 2025
May 1, 2025
3.3 years
July 11, 2022
December 18, 2025
Conditions
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (2)
Severe GVHD (Grade III-IV acute GVHD or chronic GVHD requiring systemic immunosuppressive therapy)
We will estimate the cumulative incidence of severe GVHD at 1-year post-HCT and corresponding 95% confidence interval among enrolled and eligible patients randomly assigned to either HAPLO or MUD arms who actually undergo HCT.
Up-to 1-year post hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)
Disease free survival (DFS) (where an event is the occurrence of death from any cause or relapse)
We will estimate the cumulative incidence at 1 year post randomization and the corresponding 95% confidence interval among all enrolled and eligible patients randomly assigned to either HAPLO or MUD arms.
From date of randomization to up-to 1 year post randomization
Secondary Outcomes (3)
Overall survival (OS)
From date of randomization to up-to 1-year post-HCT
Summary score from the Generic Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) (excluding School Functioning)
At 6-months, 1 year and 2 years post-HCT
Summary score from the PedsQL Stem Cell Transplant module
6-months, 1 year and 2 years post-HCT
Other Outcomes (16)
Neutrophil engraftment (defined as achieving a donor derived absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 500/uL for three consecutive measurements on different days)
Day 30 and Day 100 post-transplant
Platelet engraftment (defined as the first day of a minimum of three consecutive measurements on different days such that the patient has achieved a platelet count > 20,000/μL and > 50,000/μL with no platelet transfusions in the preceding seven days)
Day 30 and Day 100 post-transplant
Primary and secondary graft failure
60 days post transplant
- +13 more other outcomes
Study Arms (3)
Arm A (halploHCT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive a myeloablative conditioning regimen with PTCy or alpha beta T cell depletion at the discretion of the treating provider. Patients then undergo haploHCT on day 0. Patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning regimen with PTCy also receive GVHD prophylaxis on days 3-5. Patients undergo lumbar puncture, bone marrow aspiration, and ECHO or MUGA during screening. Patients also undergo collection of blood throughout the trial.
Arm B (MUD-HCT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive a TBI-based or chemotherapy-based myeloablative conditioning regimen between days -9 and -2, followed by MUD-HCT on day 0. Patients then receive GVHD prophylaxis regimen on days 1-11. Patients undergo lumbar puncture, bone marrow aspiration, and ECHO or MUGA during screening. Patients also undergo collection of blood throughout the trial.
Arm C (haploHCT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients who only have a haplo donor receive a myeloablative conditioning regimen with PTCy or alpha beta T cell depletion at the discretion of the treating provider. Patients then undergo haploHCT on day 0. Patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning regimen with PTCy also receive GVHD prophylaxis on days 3-5. Patients undergo lumbar puncture, bone marrow aspiration, and ECHO or MUGA during screening. Patients also undergo collection of blood throughout the trial.
Interventions
Undergo collection of blood
Given intravenously (IV)
Given IV
Undergo ECHO
Undergo haploHCT
Given IV
Undergo lumbar puncture
Given IV
Given IV
Undergo MUGA
Receive myeloablative conditioning regimen
Ancillary studies
Given IV
Undergo haploHCT with alpha beta T cell depletion
Given IV
Given IV
Undergo TBI
Undergo bone marrow aspiration
Undergo MUD-HCT
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- months to \< 22 years at enrollment
- Diagnosed with ALL, AML, or MDS or mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) for which an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant is indicated. Complete Remission (CR) status will not be confirmed at the time of enrollment. CR as defined in these sections is required to proceed with the actual HCT treatment plan
- Has not received a prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant
- Does not have a suitable human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling donor available for stem cell donation
- Has an eligible haploidentical related family donor based on at least intermediate resolution HLA typing
- Patients who also have an eligible 8/8 MUD adult donor based on confirmatory high resolution HLA typing are eligible for randomization to Arm A or Arm B.
- Patients who do not have an eligible MUD donor are eligible for enrollment to Arm C
- All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
- All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
- Co-Enrollment on other trials
- Patients will not be excluded from enrollment on this study if already enrolled on other protocols for treatment of high risk and/or relapsed ALL, AML, MPAL and MDS. This is including, but not limited to, COG AAML1831, COG AALL1821, the EndRAD Trial, as well as local institutional trials. We will collect information on all co-enrollments
- Patients will not be excluded from enrollment on this study if receiving immunotherapy prior to transplant as a way to achieve remission and bridge to transplant. This includes chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy and other immunotherapies
- Karnofsky Index or Lansky Play-Performance Scale \>= 60 on pre-transplant evaluation. Karnofsky scores must be used for patients \>= 16 years of age and Lansky scores for patients =\< 16 years of age (within 4 weeks of starting therapy)
- A serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:
- months to \< 1 year: 0.5 mg/dL (Male); 0.5 mg/dL (Female)
- +56 more criteria
You may not qualify if:
- Patients with genetic disorders (generally marrow failure syndromes) prone to secondary AML/ALL/MPAL with known poor outcomes because of sensitivity to alkylator therapy and/or TBI are not eligible (Fanconi Anemia, Kostmann Syndrome, Dyskeratosis Congenita, etc). Patients with Downs syndrome because of increased toxicity with intensive conditioning regimens.
- Patients with any obvious contraindication to myeloablative HCT at the time of enrollment
- Female patients who are pregnant are ineligible as many of the medications used in this protocol could be harmful to unborn children and infants
- Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
- Patients with uncontrolled fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections are excluded. Patients with history of fungal disease during chemotherapy may proceed if they have a significant response to antifungal therapy with no or minimal evidence of disease remaining by computed tomography (CT) evaluation
- Patients with active central nervous system (CNS) leukemia or any other active site of extramedullary disease at the time of initiation of the conditioning regimen are not permitted.
- Note: Those with prior history of CNS or extramedullary disease, but with no active disease at the time of pre-transplant workup, are eligible
- Pregnant or breastfeeding females are ineligible as many of the medications used in this protocol could be harmful to unborn children and infants
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (63)
Children's Hospital of Alabama
Birmingham, Alabama, 35233, United States
Phoenix Childrens Hospital
Phoenix, Arizona, 85016, United States
Arkansas Children's Hospital
Little Rock, Arkansas, 72202-3591, United States
City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center
Duarte, California, 91010, United States
Loma Linda University Medical Center
Loma Linda, California, 92354, United States
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
Oakland, California, 94609, United States
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States
UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
San Francisco, California, 94158, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States
Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
Wilmington, Delaware, 19803, United States
Children's National Medical Center
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20010, United States
UF Health Cancer Institute - Gainesville
Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
Jacksonville, Florida, 32207, United States
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine-Sylvester Cancer Center
Miami, Florida, 33136, United States
Nicklaus Children's Hospital
Miami, Florida, 33155, United States
AdventHealth Orlando
Orlando, Florida, 32803, United States
Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701, United States
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States
University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
Norton Children's Hospital
Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, United States
Children's Hospital New Orleans
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70118, United States
Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States
C S Mott Children's Hospital
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
Children's Hospital of Michigan
Detroit, Michigan, 48201, United States
Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503, United States
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, United States
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
Kansas City, Missouri, 64108, United States
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States
Hackensack University Medical Center
Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York, 14263, United States
The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
New Hyde Park, New York, 11040, United States
Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
New York, New York, 10016, United States
NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10032, United States
University of Rochester
Rochester, New York, 14642, United States
Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus
The Bronx, New York, 10467, United States
New York Medical College
Valhalla, New York, 10595, United States
Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute
Charlotte, North Carolina, 28203, United States
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina, 27710, United States
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, United States
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, United States
Penn State Children's Hospital
Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, United States
Medical University of South Carolina
Charleston, South Carolina, 29425, United States
The Children's Hospital at TriStar Centennial
Nashville, Tennessee, 37203, United States
Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, United States
Medical City Dallas Hospital
Dallas, Texas, 75230, United States
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States
Cook Children's Medical Center
Fort Worth, Texas, 76104, United States
Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center
Houston, Texas, 77030, United States
Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas
San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
Primary Children's Hospital
Salt Lake City, Utah, 84113, United States
VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center
Richmond, Virginia, 23298, United States
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States
The Children's Hospital at Westmead
Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
Alberta Children's Hospital
Calgary, Alberta, T3B 6A8, Canada
British Columbia Children's Hospital
Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3V4, Canada
CancerCare Manitoba
Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
Hospital for Sick Children
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Heather J Symons
Children's Oncology Group
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- phase 3
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- TREATMENT
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- NETWORK
- Responsible Party
- SPONSOR
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
July 11, 2022
First Posted
July 14, 2022
Study Start
March 15, 2023
Primary Completion (Estimated)
June 30, 2026
Study Completion (Estimated)
June 30, 2026
Last Updated
December 22, 2025
Record last verified: 2025-05