Searching for clinical trials

Quickly find the trials you need across 500,000+ studies

Clinical trials are research studies that test how well new medical approaches work in people. Every new drug, treatment, or medical device must go through clinical trials before it can be approved for general use. Our database aggregates trials from registries worldwide, giving you a complete picture of what's being studied, by whom, and where.

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Search basics

Getting started

The search bar is the simplest way to explore clinical trials. Type what you're looking for: a disease name, a drug, a sponsor, or even an NCT number if you have one. The NCT number (National Clinical Trial number) is a unique identifier assigned to each study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov — if you know it, you can go directly to that trial.

Example searches:

type 2 diabetesKeytrudaNovartis oncologyNCT02656706breast cancer phase 3

You can combine multiple terms in a single search. For instance, "lung cancer immunotherapy phase 3" will find Phase 3 immunotherapy trials for lung cancer.

Results appear instantly as you type. Our search engine understands synonyms and medical terminology, so searching for "heart attack" will also find trials about "myocardial infarction". From your results, you can refine them using the filters on the left, or click on any trial to see its full details.

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Search modes

Depending on your needs, you can switch between two modes using the toggle at the top right of the search bar. Each mode is optimized for different use cases.

Simple Mode

Recommended for getting started

A single search bar, just like Google. Type what you're looking for and results appear. The search engine handles the complexity for you, looking across trial titles, descriptions, conditions, treatments, and sponsors.

Best for: Finding a specific trial, exploring a disease area, seeing what a sponsor is working on, getting a quick overview.

Expert Mode

For complex searches

Build precise queries by combining multiple criteria: phase, status, enrollment size, dates, specific countries, and more. Each criterion can be set independently for maximum control.

Best for: Competitive intelligence, market research, finding investigation sites, building targeted trial lists, regulatory analysis.

You can switch between modes at any time without losing your search. Expert mode simply shows more filter options upfront, while Simple mode keeps them tucked away in the sidebar until you need them.

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Trial phases

Clinical trials progress through distinct phases, each with a specific purpose. Understanding these phases helps you interpret where a treatment is in its development journey and what kind of data might be available.

1

Phase 1 — Safety testing

The first tests in humans, typically involving 20-100 healthy volunteers or patients. The main goal is to evaluate safety, determine safe dosage ranges, and identify side effects. About 70% of drugs move from Phase 1 to Phase 2.

Duration: Several months

2

Phase 2 — Efficacy exploration

Tests whether the treatment actually works for the intended condition. Involves 100-300 patients who have the disease or condition. Researchers look for preliminary evidence of effectiveness while continuing to monitor safety. About 33% of drugs move to Phase 3.

Duration: Several months to 2 years

3

Phase 3 — Confirmation

Large-scale studies involving 300-3,000+ patients to confirm effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare to existing treatments, and collect information for safe use. These are the pivotal trials needed for regulatory approval. About 25-30% of drugs complete Phase 3.

Duration: 1-4 years

4

Phase 4 — Post-market surveillance

Studies conducted after the treatment is already approved and on the market. These track long-term effects, explore use in different populations, and may investigate new indications. Also called "post-marketing studies".

Duration: Ongoing

Combined phases

You'll sometimes see "Phase 1/2" or "Phase 2/3" trials. These combine objectives from both phases in a single study to accelerate development. This is common in oncology and rare diseases where patient populations are limited.

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Recruitment status

The recruitment status tells you where a trial stands in its lifecycle. This is crucial information whether you're looking for trials to join, tracking a competitor, or analyzing market activity.

Recruiting

The trial is actively seeking participants. If you're looking to enroll patients or find sites, these are the trials to focus on.

Active, not recruiting

The trial is ongoing but has stopped enrolling new participants. Patients already enrolled are still being treated and followed.

Not yet recruiting

The trial is registered and approved but hasn't started enrolling yet. Useful for tracking upcoming competitive activity.

Completed

The trial has finished — all participants have completed the study. Results may or may not be posted yet.

Suspended

Temporarily paused, often for safety reviews, protocol changes, or administrative reasons. May resume later.

Terminated

Stopped early and will not resume. This can happen for safety concerns, lack of efficacy, business decisions, or enrollment difficulties.

Withdrawn

The trial was registered but never started — no participants were ever enrolled. Often due to funding issues or strategic changes.

Enrolling by invitation

The trial is selecting participants from a specific population and is not open to the general public.

These statuses are updated by trial sponsors as required by regulatory authorities. Updates typically happen within 30 days of any status change.

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Refining results

Once you have initial results, use the filters in the sidebar to narrow them down. Each filter you add reduces results to only trials matching all your criteria. Filters are cumulative — adding more filters gives you more specific results.

Recruitment status

Filter by the current state of the trial. Select one or more statuses to include. For example, select both "Recruiting" and "Not yet recruiting" to see all active and upcoming trials.

RecruitingActiveCompletedSuspendedTerminated

Development phase

Focus on a specific stage of clinical development. This is particularly useful for competitive intelligence — Phase 3 trials represent drugs closest to market approval.

Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4

Condition, drug, sponsor, country

Start typing and select from the suggestions. Our autocomplete understands synonyms and alternate names — for example, typing "Pfizer" will also suggest "Wyeth" (acquired by Pfizer) and related entities.

You can select multiple values for each filter. For example, selecting both "United States" and "Germany" will show trials running in either country.

Enrollment size

Find trials based on the target number of participants. Enrollment size often indicates the type and purpose of a study:

Small (<100)— Often Phase 1 or proof-of-concept studies
Medium (100-500)— Typical Phase 2 efficacy studies
Large (>500)— Phase 3 pivotal trials
Very large (>1000)— Major outcomes studies, vaccines

Study type

Filter by the nature of the research:

  • Interventional: Testing a treatment, device, or procedure
  • Observational: Watching and recording outcomes without intervention
  • Expanded Access: Providing experimental drugs outside trials to seriously ill patients

Dates

Filter by start date or expected completion date. This helps you focus on recent activity or look ahead at upcoming trial completions.

Quick presets are available: "Started this year", "Completing this year", "Since 2020", and more. You can also set custom date ranges.

Trials with results

Turn this on to only see trials that have posted their results to the registry. By regulation, most trials must post results within 12 months of completion, but compliance varies. This filter helps you find trials with actual outcome data.

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Display modes

Four display modes are available, each optimized for different tasks. Click the icons at the top of the results to switch between them.

Compact

Dense view, one line per trial. Shows NCT ID, title, status, and phase at a glance.

Best for: Quickly scanning through many results, finding a specific trial you know exists.

Detailed

Cards showing more context: conditions, treatments, countries, enrollment, and dates.

Best for: Evaluating trials one by one, getting a sense of what each trial is about without clicking in.

Table

Spreadsheet view with sortable columns. You can customize which columns to show.

Best for: Comparing trials side-by-side, sorting by specific criteria, preparing data for export.

Graph

Interactive visual map showing connections between trials, conditions, sponsors, and drugs.

Best for: Understanding relationships, competitive landscape analysis. Available for <500 results.

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Sorting

By default, results are sorted by relevance — trials that best match your search terms appear first. The relevance algorithm considers matches in titles, conditions, treatments, and sponsors. You can change the sort order to suit your needs:

  • Newest first

    Recently registered trials at the top. Useful for tracking new competitive activity or finding the latest research.

  • Oldest first

    Oldest trials at the top. Useful for historical analysis or finding established research programs.

  • Largest enrollment

    Trials with the most participants first. Large trials are often pivotal Phase 3 studies that may lead to regulatory approval.

  • Latest phase

    Phase 4 first, then Phase 3, and so on. Useful for finding treatments closest to or already on the market.

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Aggregations

The sidebar displays live analytics about your current search results. These summaries help you understand the landscape without reading through individual trials:

Status breakdown

See how many of your results are recruiting, active, completed, etc. Quickly understand how much active vs. historical research exists in your area.

Phase distribution

The Phase 1, 2, 3, 4 breakdown. See where the field is in development — lots of Phase 1 suggests early research; lots of Phase 3 suggests mature pipelines.

Top conditions

The 10 most common conditions being studied. Click any condition to filter your results or navigate to its dedicated profile page.

Top sponsors

The 10 most active sponsors in your results. Instantly see who the key players are in any therapeutic area.

These summaries update automatically when you change your search or add filters. Click any item in the summaries to add it as a filter.

Trial Details › Overview

Summary

The Summary is the hero section at the top of every trial page. It provides the most important information at a glance: the trial identifier, current status, development phase, and key regulatory indicators.

Trial identifier (NCT number)

Every clinical trial registered on ClinicalTrials.gov receives a unique identifier starting with "NCT" followed by 8 digits (e.g., NCT04368728). This number is:

  • Permanent and never reused, even if the trial is withdrawn
  • The official way to reference a specific trial in publications and regulatory submissions
  • Used to link directly to the original registry entry

Trials from other registries (EU CTR, ISRCTN, ANZCTR, etc.) have different identifier formats but serve the same purpose.

Status badges

Colored badges provide instant visual indicators of the trial's current state. Hover over any badge to see a detailed explanation.

Recruitment status

RecruitingActively seeking participants
Not yet recruitingApproved but not started
Active, not recruitingOngoing, enrollment closed
CompletedStudy finished
SuspendedTemporarily paused
TerminatedStopped early
WithdrawnNever started

Development phase

Shows the clinical development stage (Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, Phase 4). Combined phases like "Phase 1/2" indicate the trial spans multiple stages.

Some trials show "N/A" or "Early Phase 1" for observational studies or very early exploratory research.

Additional indicators

ResultsThe trial has posted outcome data to the registry. This is valuable for understanding efficacy and safety findings.
DMCA Data Monitoring Committee oversees the trial. This independent group reviews safety data during the study.
FDA DrugThe trial involves a drug regulated by the U.S. FDA, indicating it follows strict regulatory requirements.
FDA DeviceThe trial involves a medical device regulated by the U.S. FDA.

Termination alert

If a trial was terminated or withdrawn, an amber alert box appears below the badges explaining why the study was stopped. Common reasons include:

  • Safety concerns or adverse events
  • Lack of efficacy (the treatment didn't work as expected)
  • Insufficient enrollment (not enough participants joined)
  • Funding or business decisions
  • Protocol changes requiring a new trial

Study title

The main heading displays the trial's public title — a readable name intended for a general audience. Below it, you may see:

  • Acronym: A short identifier used by researchers (e.g., "KEYNOTE-522" or "CheckMate 067")
  • Scientific title: The formal, technical name of the study, shown only when it differs meaningfully from the public title

Lead sponsor

The organization primarily responsible for conducting the trial. Click the sponsor name to view their full profile, including their complete trial portfolio, pipeline analytics, and therapeutic focus areas.

Registry link

A direct link to the official registry entry (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov). Use this to:

  • Verify information against the authoritative source
  • Access the full protocol document (if available)
  • Find contact information for enrollment
  • Download results data in XML format

Actions

Compare

Add this trial to your comparison list. Compare up to 4 trials side-by-side to analyze differences in design, enrollment, and outcomes.

Share

Copy a link to this trial page. Share with colleagues or save for later reference.

Trial Details › Overview

Description

The Description section presents the official trial narrative written by the sponsor. It's organized into tabs for easy navigation through different aspects of the study.

Two levels of detail

Brief summary

A concise overview (typically 1-3 paragraphs) that captures the essence of the trial: what condition is being studied, what treatment is being tested, and the main goals. This is shown in the first tab and is designed to be accessible to a general audience.

Detailed description

A comprehensive narrative that can span multiple sections. This technical description is intended for researchers and clinicians, covering methodology, rationale, endpoints, and study procedures in depth.

Tab navigation

Long descriptions are automatically parsed into logical sections, each displayed as a clickable tab. This makes it easy to jump directly to the information you need without scrolling through pages of text.

Each tab has an icon to help you quickly identify its content type. Common sections include:

Background
Objectives
Study Design
Interventions
Eligibility
Endpoints
Safety
Efficacy
Duration
Analysis
Procedures
Methods

Content formatting

The description text is formatted for readability. The system automatically recognizes and properly displays:

  • Paragraphs: Text blocks separated by blank lines are displayed as distinct paragraphs with proper spacing
  • Bullet lists: Items starting with "-", "*", or "•" are rendered as formatted bullet points
  • Numbered lists: Items starting with numbers (1., 2., etc.) are displayed as ordered lists
  • Section headers: Recognized headers are used to split content into navigable tabs

What to look for

When reviewing a trial description, key information to extract includes:

Scientific rationale

Why is this treatment being studied? What prior evidence supports this approach?

Primary hypothesis

What is the study trying to prove? What outcome would be considered a success?

Study arms

How are participants grouped? Is there a placebo or active comparator?

Key endpoints

What measurements will determine if the treatment works?

Pro tip

Not all trials have detailed descriptions. Older trials or those from certain registries may only have brief summaries. If you need more detail, use the Registry Link to access the full protocol document on the original registry.

Trial Details › Overview

Health

The Health dashboard provides an at-a-glance assessment of the trial's operational status. It synthesizes multiple data points into a single health score and highlights key metrics that indicate whether the trial is progressing as expected.

Overall health score

A score from 0 to 100 displayed in a circular progress ring. The score is calculated in real-time from publicly available data and reflects the trial's current operational health.

75+

On Track

Progressing well

50-74

Monitor

Some concerns

<50

At Risk

Significant issues

Key health indicators

Four metrics contribute to the overall health score. Each indicator shows its current value, status (good/warning/critical), and trend direction.

Enrollment progress

Compares actual enrollment against the target number of participants. The system also calculates the expected enrollment based on elapsed time since study start.

Display: "X / Y participants (Z%)"

Trend: Arrow indicates if enrollment is ahead, behind, or on pace

Status thresholds:

  • Good: 10%+ ahead of expected pace
  • Stable: Within 10% of expected pace
  • Warning: 10-25% behind expected pace
  • Critical: More than 25% behind pace

Timeline health

Tracks the trial's progress against its planned completion date. Shows remaining months or indicates if the trial has exceeded its expected completion date.

Display: "X months remaining" or "Completed"

Alert: Red warning if completion date has passed but trial is not marked complete

Calculation: Based on first enrollment date to primary completion date

Geographic reach

Measures the trial's global footprint. Multi-country trials with many sites typically have better enrollment capacity and more diverse participant populations.

Display: "X countries, Y sites"

Status thresholds:

  • Good: 10+ countries (global trial)
  • Good: 5-9 countries (international)
  • Neutral: 2-4 countries (regional)
  • Neutral: 1 country (domestic)

Recruitment status

Reflects the current recruitment state of the trial. Active recruitment is weighted positively; suspended or terminated trials impact the health score negatively.

Score impact:

  • High: Recruiting, Completed (90-100 points)
  • Neutral: Not yet recruiting (70 points)
  • Critical: Suspended (20 points), Terminated/Withdrawn (10 points)

Key insights

Below the indicators, you'll see 1-3 actionable insights that summarize the most important findings. Examples include:

"Enrollment is 15% ahead of schedule"
"8 months remaining with 120 participants still needed"
"Strong global presence with 45 sites across 12 countries"
"Trial recruitment is currently suspended"

When to use the health score

Competitive intelligence

Quickly assess if competitor trials are on track or facing challenges.

Site selection

Identify trials with strong enrollment that may indicate effective sites.

Investment research

Screen trials for operational risk as part of due diligence.

Portfolio monitoring

Track the health of trials in your watchlist at a glance.

Important note

The health score is calculated from publicly available registry data and should be used for screening purposes only. It does not account for confidential information, protocol amendments, or strategic decisions that may affect trial operations. Always verify findings with primary sources.

Trial Details › Overview

Relationships

The Relationships section features an interactive knowledge graph that visualizes how the trial connects to conditions, interventions, sponsors, and countries. Click nodes to explore related trials and expand the network.

Section Header

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Interactive graph appears below...

Knowledge Graph

T

NCT0123

C

Diabetes

Rx

Semaglutide

S

Novo Nordisk

G

US (45)

Entity Types
T
Trial
C
Condition
Rx
Intervention

The graph uses force-directed layout. Nodes repel each other while links pull connected nodes together.

Node Types & Colors

T
Trial

neutral-900 (#171717)

C
Condition

teal-600 (#0d9488)

Rx
Intervention

teal-500 (#14b8a6)

S
Sponsor

neutral-600 (#525252)

G
Country

neutral-500 (#737373)

R
Related Trial

neutral-400 (#a3a3a3)

Graph Interactions

Click

View node details

Double-click

Expand related nodes

Drag

Move node position

Double-clicking a condition or intervention node fetches related trials from the database and adds them to the graph as expandable nodes.

Fullscreen Mode

Click the expand icon in the top-right corner to enter fullscreen mode for a larger view of the graph. This is useful when exploring complex trial networks.

Toggle fullscreen view

Tip: The knowledge graph is powered by our graph database. Expanding nodes dynamically loads related trials, allowing you to explore the research landscape interactively.


Similar Trials (Computed Similarity)

In addition to the knowledge graph, the Similar Trials section (see below) displays trials computed using our proprietary similarity algorithm with percentage scores.

Similarity Score

Each similar trial is displayed with a prominent similarity score (0-100%), shown in a circular badge. The score reflects how closely the trial matches the current one across multiple dimensions.

Score Color Thresholds:

70%+Strong match (emerald)
50-69%Moderate match (gray)
30-49%Weak match (amber)
<30%Low match (light gray)

Score Breakdown

Click "Score breakdown" on any similar trial to see how the overall similarity is calculated. Our algorithm weighs multiple factors:

ComponentWeightWhat It Measures
Conditions40%Overlap in medical conditions being studied
Interventions30%Overlap in drugs, devices, or treatments
Phase15%Whether trials are in the same development phase
Other15%Sponsor match, temporal proximity, geographic overlap

Each component is displayed as a horizontal progress bar with its own percentage score.

Trial Card Information

Each similar trial card displays key information at a glance:

Header

  • • Trial title (clickable link)
  • • NCT ID
  • • Status badge (color-coded)
  • • Results badge (if results available)

Quick Info

  • • Phase (e.g., Phase 3)
  • • Sponsor name
  • • Target enrollment
  • • Start date

Shared Entities

Each trial card highlights what the trials have in common, helping you understand why they are considered similar:

Shared Conditions

Pink badges show medical conditions common to both trials. Up to 3 are displayed, with a "+N more" indicator if there are additional matches.

Shared Interventions

Violet badges show drugs, devices, or treatments common to both trials. Up to 3 are displayed.

Shared Countries

Teal badges show countries where both trials are conducted. Up to 5 are displayed.

Additional indicators appear when trials share the same sponsor or phase.

Compare Trials

When you expand the score breakdown, a "Compare" button appears. Click it to open a side-by-side comparison of the current trial and the selected similar trial. This feature helps you analyze differences and similarities in detail.

Use Cases

Competitive Intelligence

Find trials from competitors studying similar conditions or interventions.

Research Landscape

Understand the broader research context and identify related studies.

Protocol Design

Learn from similar trials when designing new protocols or endpoints.

Patient Recruitment

Identify competing trials that may affect patient recruitment strategies.

Note: Similarity scores are computed periodically as new trial data becomes available. For very new trials or those with unique characteristics, similar trials may not yet be available.

Trial Details › Data & Results

Prediction

The Enrollment Prediction section uses AI-powered algorithms to forecast when a trial will reach its target enrollment and estimated completion date. This feature is available for actively recruiting trials with defined enrollment targets.

Section Header

The section features a collapsible header with real-time risk assessment:

Enrollment PredictionAI-Powered

Medium Risk
TrendingUp Icon

h-5 w-5 text-neutral-700

"AI-Powered" Badge

bg-neutral-100 text-neutral-600

Risk Badge

Updates dynamically based on risk score

Expand/Collapse

Click header to toggle content visibility

Chart Elements

The chart displays multiple data layers:

Actual Enrollment

Historical data to today

Predicted Enrollment

AI projection to completion

Confidence Band

Uncertainty range (high/low)

Target Line

Goal enrollment threshold

Key Metrics

Four metrics cards provide a quick snapshot of enrollment status:

Progress
45.3%
453 / 1,000
Current Velocity
2.5
patients/site/month(+15% vs benchmark)
Est. Completion
Mar 2025
Range: Jan 2025 - Jun 2025
Risk Score
Medium Risk
2 risk factors

Velocity Comparison: A positive percentage (green) means enrollment is faster than similar trials. Negative (red) indicates slower pace.

Projected Enrollment Timeline

An interactive chart shows the enrollment trajectory:

1,0007505002500
Target
Today
Jul 2024Jan 2025Mar 2025
Enrolled
Predicted
Confidence Band
Target

Risk Levels

The risk score indicates the likelihood of enrollment challenges:

High RiskScore ≥ 0.7 — Significant enrollment challenges likely
Medium RiskScore 0.4–0.69 — Some concerns to monitor
Low RiskScore < 0.4 — Enrollment on track

Risk Factors

When risk factors are identified, they are displayed as badges explaining potential enrollment challenges:

Below Benchmark VelocityLow Site PerformanceSlow Enrollment RateHigh Competition

Risk factors are color-coded: red for critical issues, amber for warnings, gray for informational.

Availability

Enrollment predictions are only available for trials that are:

  • Currently recruiting (status: RECRUITING)
  • Have a defined target enrollment number
  • Have sufficient historical data for prediction

Disclaimer: Enrollment predictions are AI-generated estimates based on historical patterns from similar trials. Actual enrollment may vary due to protocol amendments, site performance, competitive landscape, or external factors. Use predictions as one input among many when making decisions.

Trial Details › Data & Results

Results

The Results section displays clinical trial outcomes data posted to the registry. By FDA regulation (FDAAA 801), most trials must post results within 12 months of completion, making this a valuable source of clinical evidence even before peer-reviewed publication.

Summary Overview

At the top of the Results section, a summary grid shows key counts at a glance:

Participant Flow
3 arms
Baseline
12 measures
Outcomes
8 measures
Adverse Events
47 events

Participant Flow

Tracks how participants progressed through the trial phases:

Period: Overall Study
MilestoneTreatment APlacebo
Started
150148
Completed
142139
Not Completed
89
↳ Adverse Event32
↳ Lost to Follow-up24
↳ Withdrawal by Subject33

Tables show data broken down by trial arm (e.g., Treatment vs Placebo) with dropdown reasons for discontinuation.

Baseline Characteristics

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants at study entry:

CharacteristicTreatment A
(N=150)
Placebo
(N=148)
Total
(N=298)
Age (years)54.2 ± 12.353.8 ± 11.954.0 ± 12.1
Sex: Female72 (48%)68 (46%)140 (47%)
BMI (kg/m²)28.4 ± 5.127.9 ± 4.828.2 ± 4.9
Disease Duration (months)36 [18, 60]38 [20, 58]37 [19, 59]
Mean ± SDn (%)Median [IQR]

Outcome Measures

The most critical section, showing trial efficacy results organized by outcome type:

PRIMARY OUTCOME

Change in HbA1c From Baseline at Week 24

Mean change in glycated hemoglobin level

Week 24Units: Percent
GroupNValueDispersion
Treatment A142-1.2%± 0.4
Placebo139-0.3%± 0.5
ANCOVA adjusted for baseline
p < 0.00195% CI: [-1.1, -0.7]
Primary Outcomes
Secondary Outcomes
Other/Exploratory

P-value highlighting: Values <0.05 are highlighted in green to indicate statistical significance. Always consider clinical significance alongside statistical significance.

Adverse Events

Safety data documenting side effects and medical events during the trial:

Sort:
Event TermTreatment APlacebo
Pneumonia(Respiratory)
4.0%
(6/150)
2.7%
(4/148)
Myocardial infarction(Cardiac)
2.0%
(3/150)
2.0%
(3/148)
Cerebrovascular accident(Nervous system)
1.3%
(2/150)
0.7%
(1/148)
Showing 3 of 12 serious events
Serious AE

Death, hospitalization, disability

Other AE

Non-serious events ≥5% frequency

Availability

Results are available when trials have the "Results" badge on their summary card. Not all completed trials have posted results—look for the emerald badge with a trending icon to identify trials with available data.

Note: Results data comes directly from ClinicalTrials.gov registry submissions. While we present data in an accessible format, always refer to peer-reviewed publications and regulatory documents for clinical decision-making.

Trial Details › Data & Results

Publications

The Publications section displays peer-reviewed articles from PubMed that are linked to the trial. These publications provide detailed scientific analysis and interpretation beyond registry data.

Publication Types

Publications are categorized by their relationship to the trial:

Trial ResultsBackgroundRelated

Trial Results: Primary publications reporting the trial's findings — always displayed prominently.

Background: Articles cited as context for trial design — shown in expandable section.

Related: Secondary analyses and sub-studies derived from trial data.

Publication Card

Each publication is displayed as an interactive card:

Trial Results

Efficacy and Safety of Drug X in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Smith JA, Johnson RB, Williams KC et al.

N Engl J Med 389(4): 312-324·Jul 27, 2023

Randomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMedFree Full TextDOI

Abstract

Click "Show Abstract" to expand the full abstract. Structured abstracts display section labels for easier reading:

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes remains a significant public health challenge. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve glycemic control.
METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 298 patients across 45 sites...
RESULTS: At week 24, patients receiving Drug X showed a mean HbA1c reduction of 1.2% compared to 0.3% with placebo (p<0.001)...
CONCLUSIONS: Drug X demonstrated superior glycemic control with an acceptable safety profile in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background & Related

Background publications are shown in a collapsible section below the primary results:

Click to expand and view background references and related articles.

Manual Search

At the bottom of the Publications section, a link allows you to search PubMed directly:

Search PubMed for more publications mentioning NCT02656706

This opens a pre-filled PubMed search using the trial's NCT ID.

Tip: Trial results publications (green badge) typically contain the most detailed efficacy and safety data. Background publications help you understand the scientific rationale and prior research context.

Trial Details › Data & Results

Similar Trials

The Similar Trials section uses our proprietary matching algorithm to identify comparable clinical studies. This is the same feature described in the Relationships section, focused specifically on competitive and landscape analysis.

Trial Card

Each similar trial is displayed as an expandable card:

78%match

A Phase 3 Study of Drug Y in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

NCT04123456Results
RECRUITING
Phase 3Novo Nordisk1,200 enrolled
Type 2 DiabetesHyperglycemia
Metformin

Score Breakdown

Expand any card to see how similarity is calculated:

Conditions (40%)
85%
Interventions (30%)
72%
Phase (15%)
100%
Other (15%)
45%
Same phase

Score Colors

70%+
High match
50%+
Good match
30%+
Moderate
<30%
Low match

Shared Entities

Color-coded badges show what the trials have in common:

Conditions

Pink badges

Interventions

Violet badges

Countries

Teal badges

Competitive Analysis Tips

  • Look for Same sponsor badge to find a company's related trials
  • Use the Compare button for side-by-side analysis
  • Review trials with Results badge to learn from completed studies
  • Check phase progression to understand development stage landscape

For full documentation on similarity scoring and matching logic, see the Relationships section.

Trial Details › Data & Results

History

The History section provides a complete changelog of all updates to the trial record. Track protocol amendments, status changes, enrollment updates, and more through a visual timeline.

Summary Header

At the top, a summary shows version statistics:

12 versionsFirst seen: Jan 15, 2022Last updated: Dec 8, 2024

Version Timeline

Changes are displayed as a vertical timeline with expandable version cards:

StatusResults
Overall Status
RECRUITINGCOMPLETED
Recorded: Dec 8, 2024, 2:30 PM
High (status, results, outcomes)
Medium (enrollment, dates)
Low (contacts, minor)

Change Categories

The system tracks 13 categories of changes:

Status (recruitment changes)
Enrollment (target/actual)
Dates (start, completion)
Outcomes (endpoints)
Sites (locations)
Eligibility (criteria)
Sponsors
Interventions (drugs)
Conditions
Study Design (phase, masking)
Results (posted status)
Contacts

Change Details

Expand any version card to see detailed changes:

FIELD CHANGE EXAMPLE

Target Enrollment
500750

LIST CHANGE EXAMPLE

Study Sites
+
Stanford Medical CenterUCLA Health
Mayo Clinic Phoenix

Navigation

By default, only the 5 most recent versions are shown. Click the button at the bottom to expand:

Tip: Use the history section to identify protocol amendments that may have affected trial outcomes, understand enrollment challenges through target changes, and track regulatory milestones like results posting.

Trial Details › Data & Results

Regulatory

The Regulatory section displays approval status, special designations, and safety information from major regulatory agencies for each intervention in the trial.

Summary Header

The section header shows a quick overview of approval status:

Regulatory Information2 approved1 investigational

Intervention Card

Each intervention being studied is displayed as an expandable card:

US
U.S. FDA
Ozempic(NDA 209637)
Approved
Approved: December 5, 2017Novo Nordisk
Breakthrough Therapy

Supported Agencies

US
FDA
EU
EMA
CA
Health Canada
GB
MHRA
JP
PMDA
AU
TGA

Approval Status

Each agency displays its current regulatory status:

ApprovedMarketing authorized
PendingUnder review
WithdrawnRemoved from market
Not ApprovedRejected/not submitted

Special Designations

Expedited review pathways and special designations are shown as purple badges:

Breakthrough TherapyOrphan DrugFast TrackPriority ReviewAccelerated Approval

Safety Alerts

Critical safety information is prominently displayed:

Boxed Warning (Black Box)

FDA's strongest warning indicating serious or life-threatening risks.

REMS Required

Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy—special distribution or monitoring requirements.

Expanded Details

Click on an agency card to see full details:

Approved Indications

  • Treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise
  • To reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes
  • Chronic weight management in adults with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²)

Therapeutic Area

Endocrinology / Metabolism

Prescribing InfoApproval Letter

Note: Regulatory data is enriched periodically. If regulatory information is not yet available for an intervention, it may be an investigational drug not yet approved in any market.

Trial Details › Data & Results

Investigators

The Investigators section displays principal investigators and study leadership with links to their full profiles, showing their research history, publications, and institutional affiliations.

Section Header

The section header shows the total investigator count:

Investigators5

Principal Investigators

Lead researchers are displayed prominently in highlighted cards:

Principal Investigators2
Dr. Sarah Johnson, MD, PhD

Stanford University School of Medicine

PI
Dr. Michael Chen, MD

Massachusetts General Hospital

PI

Other Investigators

Sub-investigators and other roles shown in compact cards:

Other Investigators3
Dr. Emily Rodriguez, MD

UCLA Medical Center

Sub-I
Dr. James Wilson, PhD

Mayo Clinic

Director

Role Badges

PIPrincipal Investigator
Sub-ISub-Investigator
DirectorStudy Director
ChairStudy Chair

Investigator Profiles

When you click through to an investigator's profile, you can see:

12

Total Trials

8

Trials as PI

23

h-index

  • ORCID ID and contact information
  • All affiliations and research countries
  • Publication history with citations
  • Complete trial history with role filters

Tip: Use investigator profiles to identify key opinion leaders in therapeutic areas, find potential collaboration partners, or research the track record of a trial's leadership team.

Trial Details › Study Details

Timeline

The Timeline section displays key trial milestones in a visual vertical timeline, showing the progression from registration through completion and results posting.

Section Header

The header shows the study duration at a glance:

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

2.5 years study duration

Visual Timeline

Milestones displayed as a vertical timeline:

First Submitted

Initial submission to registry

January 15, 2023

Completed
7 days until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 15, 2024

Expected

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 30, 2025

Milestone Types

First Submitted
First Posted
Study Start
Primary Completion
Study Completion
Results Posted

Status Indicators

Each milestone has a visual status indicator:

Completed

Date has passed

Current

Active milestone

Upcoming

Future date

Study Progress

For ongoing trials, a progress bar shows how far along the study is:

Study Progress67%
Jan 2023Dec 2025

Summary Cards

Additional date information shown in summary cards:

Last Updated

November 15, 2024

Status Verified

October 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

18 months

Duration Display

Duration between milestones is automatically calculated and displayed:

  • • Same day events shown as "Same day"
  • • Short durations shown in days (e.g., "15 days")
  • • Medium durations in months (e.g., "6 months")
  • • Long durations in years (e.g., "2.5 years")

Note: Completion dates may be estimates. Actual dates are updated as milestones are reached. See the History section for date changes.

Trial Details › Study Details

Conditions

The Conditions section lists all diseases or health conditions being studied in the trial. Each condition is clickable to explore related research.

Section Header

Conditions

Condition badges appear below...

Condition Badges

Click any condition badge to view its profile page with trial counts, top sponsors, and activity trends.

Primary Condition Indicator

Primary Condition

Type 2 Diabetes

Star icon indicates primary condition

Secondary Condition

Metabolic Syndrome

No star = secondary/related condition

Keywords Section

Type 2 DiabetesHyperglycemia

Keywords

glycemic controlHbA1cfasting glucoseinsulin sensitivitybeta cell function

Keywords provide additional search terms related to the trial but are not clickable links to condition profiles.

Badge Styling

ConditionRose/pink badges - clickable links
KeywordGray badges - text only

Condition Profiles include related conditions, top sponsors in the therapeutic area, similar trials, and year-over-year trial activity trends.

Trial Details › Study Details

Interventions

The Interventions section lists all drugs, devices, procedures, or other treatments being tested in the trial.

Section Header

Interventions

Intervention cards appear below...

Intervention Card

Experimental Arm · 1.0 mg once weekly subcutaneous injection

GLP-1 receptor agonist that enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppresses glucagon secretion.

Also known as: Ozempic, Wegovy, NN9535
Treatment Arm ATreatment Arm B

Placebo Comparator · Matching placebo injection

Card Elements

Intervention Name→ Clickable link to drug profile
TYPE→ Intervention type badge (Drug, Device, etc.)
Arm Group · Dosage→ Assignment and dosing info
Also known as: Aliases→ Alternative names
Arm Label→ Arm group assignments

Intervention Types

Drug / Biological
Device
Procedure / Behavioral
Dietary / Other

The type badge indicates what kind of intervention is being tested.

Badge Styling

DRUGViolet = Intervention type
Arm LabelGray = Arm assignment

Drug Profiles include regulatory status (FDA/EMA approvals), indications, enrollment statistics, trial pipeline, and linked publications.

Trial Details › Study Details

Eligibility

The Eligibility section displays inclusion and exclusion criteria that define who can participate in the trial. For recruiting trials, an interactive eligibility checker is also available.

Section Header

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility summary and criteria appear below...

Eligibility Summary Grid

Age18 - 65 Years
SexAll
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

Key eligibility parameters displayed at a glance in a responsive grid.

Additional Eligibility Fields

SexFemale(Gender-based eligibility)
Sampling MethodProbability Sample
Gender Eligibility DetailsParticipants must be cisgender women who have given birth within the last 12 months.

Study Population (Observational Studies)

Study Population

Adults aged 18 and older who have been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and are currently receiving treatment at participating healthcare facilities.

Shown for observational studies to describe the target population.

Inclusion Criteria

You may qualify if:

  • Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for at least 3 months
  • HbA1c level between 7.0% and 10.0% at screening
  • Body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m²
  • Stable dose of metformin for at least 8 weeks
  • +8 more criteria

Emerald/green styling indicates requirements to participate. Max 15 items shown with overflow indicator.

Exclusion Criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • History of diabetic ketoacidosis or Type 1 Diabetes
  • Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m²)
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant
  • Use of insulin within the past 6 months
  • +12 more criteria

Red styling indicates disqualifying conditions. Max 15 items shown with overflow indicator.

Standardized Age Groups

Age categories are standardized across all trials:

CHILD0 - 17 years
ADULT18 - 64 years
OLDER_ADULT65+ years

Criteria Color Coding

Inclusion

Requirements to participate

Exclusion

Disqualifying conditions

Important: Eligibility criteria shown here are summaries from the registry. Always contact the study team to confirm eligibility, as additional medical screening is typically required.

Trial Details › Study Details

Sponsors

The Sponsors section displays organizations funding or conducting the trial, with links to their full profiles and portfolio analytics.

Section Header

Sponsors & Collaborators

Sponsor list appears below...

Sponsor List

Click any sponsor name to view their full profile with pipeline analytics and trial portfolio.

List Item Elements

Sponsor Name→ Clickable link to sponsor profile
ROLE→ Role badge (Lead Sponsor or Collaborator)

Sponsor Roles

Lead Sponsor

LEAD_SPONSOR

Primary organization responsible for trial conduct, regulatory submissions, and data management.

Collaborator

COLLABORATOR

Partner organizations, academic institutions, funding bodies, or co-sponsors contributing to the trial.

Role Badge Styling

LEAD_SPONSORPrimary sponsor
COLLABORATORPartner organization

Sponsor Profiles include pipeline analytics, therapeutic focus areas, geographic presence, top investigators, phase distribution, and competitive landscape analysis.

Trial Details › Study Details

Study Design

The Study Design section provides technical details about how the trial is structured and conducted.

Section Header

Study Design

Design fields appear below...

Design Fields (InfoLabel Format)

Study Type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 3
Allocation
Randomized
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Who Masked
Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor
Purpose
Treatment
Intervention Model
Parallel Assignment

Each field shows label (uppercase, gray) and value (semibold, capitalized). Some values have tooltips with terminology definitions.

Model Details (Expanded)

Intervention Model
Parallel Assignment
Model Details: Participants are assigned to one of two or more groups in parallel for the duration of the study.

Study Type Differences

Interventional Studies

  • • Phase (1, 2, 3, 4)
  • • Allocation (Randomized/Non-randomized)
  • • Masking (Double-blind, etc.)
  • • Intervention Model
  • • Primary Purpose

Observational Studies

  • • Observational Model (Cohort, Case-Control)
  • • Time Perspective (Prospective, Retrospective)
  • • Number of Groups
  • • Sampling Method
  • • Study Population

All Design Fields

Study Type: Interventional / Observational
Phase: Phase 1, 2, 3, 4, N/A
Allocation: Randomized / Non-randomized
Masking: None / Single / Double / Triple / Quadruple
Purpose: Treatment / Prevention / Diagnostic / etc.
Model: Parallel / Crossover / Sequential / Factorial
Target Duration: e.g., 52 weeks
Sponsor Type: Industry / NIH / Other
Responsible Party: Sponsor / Principal Investigator

Special Flags

Expanded Access

Treatment available outside the trial

Post-Marketing Study

Phase 4 / PPSD study

Terminology Tooltips: Hover over design terms to see definitions. Values like "Randomized", "Double-blind", and phase names include helpful explanations from the clinical trials glossary.

Trial Details › Enrollment

Contact

The Contact section provides central contact information for the trial, enabling enrollment inquiries and collaboration outreach. This section has special styling to highlight its importance for patient recruitment.

Contact Section (Highlighted)

Contact for Enrollment

Dr. Sarah Johnson

Central Contact

Novo Nordisk Clinical Research

Clinical Trials Information

Backup Contact

The gradient background (teal/cyan) distinguishes this section as critical for patient enrollment.

Contact Card Elements

Contact Name→ Full name of the contact person
Role→ Central Contact, Backup Contact, Principal Investigator
Affiliation→ Organization or institution (optional)
Call→ Primary action button (clickable tel: link)
Email→ Secondary action button (clickable mailto: link)

Contact Roles

CENTRAL_CONTACT

Primary contact for enrollment inquiries

BACKUP_CONTACT

Secondary contact if primary unavailable

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Lead researcher overseeing the trial

STUDY_DIRECTOR

Director managing study operations

Action Button Styling

CallPrimary (filled teal)
EmailSecondary (outlined)

Tip: For recruiting trials, use the Quick Eligibility Check first to see if you meet basic criteria before contacting the study team. Contact information is only shown for trials that are actively recruiting.

Trial Details › Enrollment

Sites

The Sites section lists all clinical facilities participating in the trial with detailed information for each location.

Section Header

Study Sites (24)

Site cards appear below in a scrollable list...

Site Cards

Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Recruiting

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Not Yet Recruiting

University Hospital

London, United Kingdom

Location

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Completed

Sites are shown in a scrollable container (max-h-96) with overflow-y-auto for large trials.

Site Card Elements

Facility Name→ Hospital, clinic, or research center
City, State, Country→ Location details joined with commas
Status→ Recruitment status badge
Contact NamePhoneEmail
→ Site-level contacts (if available)

Site Status Badges

RecruitingActively enrolling participants
Not Yet RecruitingApproved but not started
Active, Not RecruitingEnrolled, no longer recruiting
CompletedSite finished participation
LocationStatus unknown (geo data only)
WithdrawnSite withdrew from study

Note: Large trials may have hundreds of sites. The list is scrollable with a maximum height—scroll down to see all locations. Site contacts include clickable phone (tel:) and email (mailto:) links.

Trial Details › Enrollment

Progress

The Progress section shows enrollment status comparing target enrollment to actual participants enrolled. This section only appears when both target and actual enrollment data are available.

Section Header

Enrollment

Progress component appears below...

Enrollment Progress

750 enrolled1,000 target
75% enrolled

Progress States

Early Stage (25%)

250 enrolled1,000 target
25% enrolled

Mid Stage (60%)

600 enrolled1,000 target
60% enrolled

Fully Enrolled (100%)

1,000 enrolled1,000 target
100% enrolled

Component Elements

X enrolled→ Current enrollment count (left-aligned)
Y target→ Target enrollment goal (right-aligned)
→ Progress bar (h-2, rounded-full, accent color fill)
Z% enrolled→ Percentage indicator (centered, accent color)

Calculation

percentage = Math.min(100, Math.round((actual / target) * 100))

Percentage is capped at 100% even if actual enrollment exceeds target.

Tip: For AI-powered enrollment predictions and trajectory forecasts, see the Prediction section in Data & Results. The prediction model uses historical enrollment patterns to estimate completion dates.

Trial Details › Enrollment

Locations

The Locations section shows the geographic distribution of trial sites by country, with site counts for each region.

Section Header

Locations

Country badges appear below...

Country Badges

Click any country badge to view all trials running in that country.

Badge Elements

US→ ISO country code (font-semibold)
(45)→ Site count in parentheses (text-emerald-600)
US(45)→ Links to /country/[code] page

Badge Styling

Background: emerald-50
Border: emerald-200
TextText: emerald-700
Hover: emerald-100

Common Country Codes

US

United States

DE

Germany

FR

France

GB

United Kingdom

CA

Canada

JP

Japan

Country Profiles show all trials running in that country, top sponsors, therapeutic areas, and recruitment trends. Geographic reach is one factor in the Trial Health Score—trials in 10+ countries with 100+ sites indicate strong global presence.

Search

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Share a search

Click the "Share" button to copy the link to your current search. The link captures everything: your search terms, all applied filters, the current sort order, and display mode.

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Search history

Your recent searches are saved automatically in your browser. Click the history icon to see your past queries and re-run them with one click.

History is stored locally and persists between sessions.

Search

Export

Download your results (up to 10,000 trials) as a CSV file. The export includes all key fields: NCT ID, title, status, phase, sponsors, conditions, treatments, enrollment, dates, and locations.

Open in Excel, Google Sheets, or import into your own analysis tools.

Search

Tips

Start broad, then narrow down

Run a general search first (e.g., "diabetes"), then use filters to refine. You might discover trials you wouldn't have thought to look for.

Use quotes for exact phrases

Put phrases in quotes: "breast cancer" finds that exact phrase, not just trials mentioning both words separately.

Use the NCT number when you have it

Paste an NCT number (like NCT02656706) to go directly to that trial. This is the most precise way to find a specific study.

Explore linked profiles

Click sponsor names, conditions, or investigators to explore their full profiles and discover related trials.

Check similar trials

The "Similar trials" section on every trial page shows comparable studies — perfect for competitive landscape analysis.

Filter for results

Use the "Has results" filter to find trials with posted outcomes — valuable data for understanding what worked and what didn't.