Fuel Selection During Eccentric Cycling With Glucose Ingestion

NCT03995693 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: eccentric-exogenous
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 75
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study compares fuel selection during eccentric and concentric cycling, with (placebo) or without glucose ingestion during exercise. After a 2-week familiarization and habituation with the ergometers, subjects will complete four experimental conditions in a randomized order: concentric with placebo, eccentric with placebo, concentric with glucose, eccentric with glucose.

Conditions

Exercise; Damage Muscle; Nutrition

Keywords

eccentric exercise; 13C-glucose; exercise mode

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Exogenous glucose oxidation

  Measured by indirect respiratory calorimetry combined with tracer techniques.

  Average over the 35 minutes of eccentric or concentric exercise

• Maximal voluntary force production

  Measured using isometric bilateral knee extensions

  Change between baseline and end of exercise

• Central and skin temperature

  Measured using a thermometric pill and skin-surface electrodes

  Average over the 35 minutes of eccentric or concentric exercise

• Perceived exertion

  Measured using a Category Ratio scale on 100 points (CR100), 0 signifies no exertion and 100 being maximal effort.

  Average over the 35 minutes of eccentric or concentric exercise

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• Blood insulin concentration

  For 0 minutes corresponds to the beginning of exercise, at -31, -1, 14, 29, 44, 49, 59 and 69 minutes

• Blood glucose concentration

  For 0 minutes corresponds to the beginning of exercise, at -31, -1, 14, 29, 44, 49, 59 and 69 minutes

• Blood free-fatty acid concentration

  For 0 minutes corresponds to the beginning of exercise, at -31, -1, 14, 29, 44, 49, 59 and 69 minutes

• Blood lactate concentration

  For 0 minutes corresponds to the beginning of exercise, at -31, -1, 14, 29, 44, 49, 59 and 69 minutes

• Total carbohydrate, fat and protein oxidation

  Average over the 35 minutes of eccentric or concentric exercise

Study Arms (4)

Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will complete 45 minutes of arm cranking at an intensity corresponding to 30% of the concentric cycling VO2max, followed by 35 minutes of CONCENTRIC cycling on a recumbent ergometer at the same VO2. A PLACEBO solution (water with a non-caloric sweetener) will be ingested 30 min prior to starting exercise and every 15 min thereafter, until the exercise is completed. Indirect respiratory calorimetry, expired gas sampling, blood sampling will occur will be performed 4 minutes before each ingestion.

Dietary Supplement: Solution ingestion; Behavioral: Constant load arm cranking; Procedure: Expired gas sampling; Procedure: Indirect respiratory calorimetry; Procedure: Blood sampling; Behavioral: Measure of maximal voluntary contraction force production; Diagnostic Test: Measure of muscle electrical activity (EMG); Diagnostic Test: Measure of central and cutaneous temperatures; Diagnostic Test: Measure of perceived exertion, pain perception and affective response; Procedure: Measure of sweat and urine production

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will complete 45 minutes of arm cranking at an intensity corresponding to 30% of the concentric cycling VO2max, followed by 35 minutes of concentric cycling on a recumbent ergometer at the same VO2. A GLUCOSE solution (glucose with a trace amount of 13C) will be ingested 30 min prior to starting exercise and every 15 min thereafter, until the exercise is completed. Indirect respiratory calorimetry, expired gas sampling, blood sampling will occur will be performed 4 minutes before each ingestion.

Dietary Supplement: Solution ingestion; Behavioral: Constant load arm cranking; Procedure: Expired gas sampling; Procedure: Indirect respiratory calorimetry; Procedure: Blood sampling; Behavioral: Measure of maximal voluntary contraction force production; Diagnostic Test: Measure of muscle electrical activity (EMG); Diagnostic Test: Measure of central and cutaneous temperatures; Diagnostic Test: Measure of perceived exertion, pain perception and affective response; Procedure: Measure of sweat and urine production

Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will complete 45 minutes of arm cranking at an intensity corresponding to 30% of the concentric cycling VO2max, followed by 35 minutes of ECCENTRIC cycling on a recumbent ergometer at the same VO2. A PLACEBO solution (water with a non-caloric sweetener) will be ingested 30 min prior to starting exercise and every 15 min thereafter, until the exercise is completed. Indirect respiratory calorimetry, expired gas sampling, blood sampling will occur will be performed 4 minutes before each ingestion.

Dietary Supplement: Solution ingestion; Behavioral: Constant load arm cranking; Procedure: Expired gas sampling; Procedure: Indirect respiratory calorimetry; Procedure: Blood sampling; Behavioral: Measure of maximal voluntary contraction force production; Diagnostic Test: Measure of muscle electrical activity (EMG); Diagnostic Test: Measure of central and cutaneous temperatures; Diagnostic Test: Measure of perceived exertion, pain perception and affective response; Procedure: Measure of sweat and urine production

Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will complete 45 minutes of arm cranking at an intensity corresponding to 30% of the concentric cycling VO2max, followed by 35 minutes of ECCENTRIC cycling on a recumbent ergometer at the same VO2. A GLUCOSE solution (glucose with a trace amount of 13C) will be ingested 30 min prior to starting exercise and every 15 min thereafter, until the exercise is completed. Indirect respiratory calorimetry, expired gas sampling, blood sampling will occur will be performed 4 minutes before each ingestion.

Dietary Supplement: Solution ingestion; Behavioral: Constant load arm cranking; Procedure: Expired gas sampling; Procedure: Indirect respiratory calorimetry; Procedure: Blood sampling; Behavioral: Measure of maximal voluntary contraction force production; Diagnostic Test: Measure of muscle electrical activity (EMG); Diagnostic Test: Measure of central and cutaneous temperatures; Diagnostic Test: Measure of perceived exertion, pain perception and affective response; Procedure: Measure of sweat and urine production

Interventions

Solution ingestion DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Two ingestion modalities will be attributed (participant is blinded) in random order: a placebo and a glucose solution. The placebo contains water and a non-caloric sweetener (stevia) in order to reproduce the taste of the glucose solution. The glucose solution contains 6% glucose per volume, labelled with 13C. Both solutions will be administered in 8 doses: a bolus (333 mL) at rest, 30 minutes before the start of exercise, 167 mL immediately before exercise, 167 mL every 15 minutes during arm cranking, 125 mL immediately before concentric or eccentric pedalling and at 15 and 25 minutes of this last exercise period. In total, 1250 mL of solution will be administered during the experimental protocol.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Constant load arm cranking BEHAVIORAL

The participants will perform 45 minutes of arm cranking on a specialized ergometer at a power output corresponding to 30% of their concentric cycling VO2max, previously measured.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Expired gas sampling PROCEDURE

Subjects will be asked, twice, to provide a forced expiration into a 10 mL plastic tube in order to collect a sample expired gases. This procedure will be done immediately before blood sampling and ingestion of the solution.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Indirect respiratory calorimetry PROCEDURE

A mouthpiece and nose plug will be placed on the subject and expired gases will be analyzed by a metabolic cart during 3 minutes. This procedure will be done immediately before expired gas collection, blood sampling and ingestion of the solution.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Blood sampling PROCEDURE

A catheter will be inserted in an antecubital vein and a saline solution will be continuously perfused to maintain vein open. 10 mL of blood will be collected immediately before ingesting the solution for a total of 80 mL.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Measure of maximal voluntary contraction force production BEHAVIORAL

Maximal voluntary bilateral knee extensions (3 trials of 3-4 seconds each) will be performed on a chair equipped with force sensors to measure peak force production. These measurements will be done before the first ingestion, immediately before exercise, during the transition between arm cranking and concentric or eccentric cycling, and at the end of the exercise protocol.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Measure of muscle electrical activity (EMG) DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Surface electrodes will be placed on the biceps and quadriceps to measure EMG throughout the exercise protocol.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Measure of central and cutaneous temperatures DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Wireless sensors will be placed on the skin of the arm, chest, back, abdomen, thigh and calf using adhesive tape. A wireless thermometric pill will be ingested the morning of the experiment. These will allow the measurement of skin and central temperatures throughout the exercise protocol.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Measure of perceived exertion, pain perception and affective response DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

100 points scales (CR100) will be used to measure perceived exertion and pain perception immediately before ingesting the gas sampling. At the same time, affective responses will be assessed using the "Feeling scale".

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Measure of sweat and urine production PROCEDURE

Sweat production and sampling will be performed by measuring body weight before and after exercise, after voiding the bladder. Mass loss through the urine and gases will be accounted for in order to compute sweat production. A sweat sample will be collected using a cotton gauze placed into a plastic collector affixed in the upper back of the participants. A urine sample will be taken from the urine collected at the end of the exercise period. Urine and sweat volumes along with respective urea concentrations will be used to compute protein oxidation during exercise.

Concentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Concentric cycling with placebo ingestion; Eccentric cycling with glucose ingestion; Eccentric cycling with placebo ingestion

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 45 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Low alcohol consumption (\<3 drinks/week)
• Non-smokers
• Not regularly taking medication for a known pathology
• Regularly practices endurance sports (cycling, running, etc.)

You may not qualify if:

• Intolerant to glucose (according to WHO standards)
• Musculoskeletal injury or illness affecting exercise performance
• Failure to respect protocol guidelines (diet, exercise prior to experimentation, etc.)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Université de Montréal: lead

Study Sites (1)

Centre d'éducation physique et sportive de l'Université de Montréal (CEPSUM)

Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Motor Activity

Interventions

Blood Specimen Collection; Electromyography

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Specimen Handling; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Diagnosis; Punctures; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Investigative Techniques; Electrodiagnosis; Myography

Study Officials

• Jonathan Tremblay, PhD

  Université de Montréal

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Masking Details: Opaque bottles to administer beverages with similar sweet taste.
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: SEQUENTIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 24, 2019
• First Posted: June 24, 2019
• Study Start: August 1, 2019
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2021
• Study Completion: December 1, 2021
• Last Updated: May 17, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

CA (1)