NCT07783581

Brief Summary

This phase II trial compares the effect of adding proton spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT) or photon stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to standard immunotherapy pembrolizumab before surgery (neoadjuvant) in treating patients with oral cavity squamous cell cancer that has spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced) or that has come back where it first started (primary site) or near it (locoregionally recurrent) and have not had (naive) prior radiation. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Proton SFRT is a type of external beam radiation treatment that uses streams of protons (tiny particles with a positive charge) to deliver different doses of radiation to different parts of the tumor in a grid like pattern. This type of radiation kills tumor cells but does not damage nearby tissues. SBRT is a type of external radiation therapy that uses special equipment to position a patient and precisely deliver radiation to tumors in the body (except the brain). The total dose of radiation is divided into smaller doses given over several days. This type of radiation therapy helps spare normal tissue. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the tumor, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving neoadjuvant proton SFRT or SBRT in combination with pembrolizumab may be safe and tolerable and may be an effective approach to shrink the tumor, reduce the extent of surgery and/or the need for further treatment in patients with locally advanced or locoregionally recurrent oral cavity squamous cell cancer.

Trial Health

63
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
30

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for phase_2

Timeline
43mo left

Started Sep 2026

Typical duration for phase_2

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 20, 2026

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 25, 2026

Completed
13 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 7, 2026

Expected
3.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2030

Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2030

Last Updated

August 25, 2026

Status Verified

August 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

3.6 years

First QC Date

August 20, 2026

Last Update Submit

August 20, 2026

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Improvement in major pathologic response rate (MPR)

    MPR is defined from pathologic evaluation of the surgically resected tumor, demonstrating less than 10% of residual tumor in the resection sample (≥90% disease reduction). Will be assessed using a Bayesian pick-the-winner randomized phase-II clinical trial design.

    At the time of surgical resection

Secondary Outcomes (3)

  • Pathologic complete response rate

    At the time of surgical resection

  • Percent of patients receiving the prescribed therapy

    Up to 1 year

  • Incidence of Adverse Events (AEs) Prior to Surgery:

    From the time of registration until surgery

Study Arms (2)

Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients receive proton SFRT QOD for up to 3 treatment fractions over 1 week. Starting within 7 days of initiating SFRT, patients receive pembrolizumab IV on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 3 weeks for up to 2 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 8 weeks of completing pembrolizumab, patients undergo surgical resection per standard of care. Patients also undergo blood sample collection, CT, and PET/MRI or PET/CT throughout the study. Additionally, patients may also undergo tissue biopsy at baseline and/or on study.

Procedure: Biopsy ProcedureProcedure: Biospecimen CollectionProcedure: Computed TomographyProcedure: Magnetic Resonance ImagingBiological: PembrolizumabProcedure: Positron Emission TomographyRadiation: Spatially-fractionated Radiation TherapyProcedure: Surgical Procedure

Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients receive photon SBRT QOD for up to 3 treatment fractions over 1 week. Starting within 7 days of initiating SBRT, patients receive pembrolizumab IV on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 3 weeks for up to 2 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 8 weeks of completing pembrolizumab, patients undergo surgical resection per standard of care. Patients also undergo blood sample collection, CT, and PET/MRI or PET/CT throughout the study. Additionally, patients may also undergo tissue biopsy at baseline and/or on study.

Procedure: Biopsy ProcedureProcedure: Biospecimen CollectionProcedure: Computed TomographyProcedure: Magnetic Resonance ImagingBiological: PembrolizumabRadiation: Photon Stereotactic Body Radiation TherapyProcedure: Positron Emission TomographyProcedure: Surgical Procedure

Interventions

Undergo tissue biopsy

Also known as: Biopsy, BIOPSY_TYPE, Bx
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Undergo blood sample collection

Also known as: Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Sample Collection, Specimen Collection
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Undergo CT or PET/CT

Also known as: CAT, CAT Scan, Computed Axial Tomography, Computerized Axial Tomography, Computerized axial tomography (procedure), Computerized Tomography, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, CT, CT Scan, Diagnostic CAT Scan, Diagnostic CAT Scan Service Type, tomography
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Undergo PET/MRI

Also known as: Magnetic Resonance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure), Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan, Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MR, MR Imaging, MRI, MRI Scan, MRIs, NMR Imaging, NMRI, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, sMRI, Structural MRI
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)
PembrolizumabBIOLOGICAL

Given IV

Also known as: BCD-201, GME 751, GME751, Keytruda, Lambrolizumab, MK 3475, MK-3475, MK3475, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar BCD-201, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar GME751, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar QL2107, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar RPH-075, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar SB27, QL2107, RPH 075, RPH-075, RPH075, SB 27, SB-27, SB27, SCH 900475, SCH-900475, SCH900475
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Receive photon SBRT

Also known as: Photon SBRT
Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Undergo PET/CT or PET/MRI

Also known as: Medical Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography, PET, PET Scan, Positron emission tomography (procedure), Positron Emission Tomography Scan, Positron-Emission Tomography, PT
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Receive proton SFRT

Also known as: GRID Therapy, SFRT, Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Undergo surgical resection

Also known as: Operation, Surgery, Surgery Type, Surgery, NOS, Surgical, Surgical Intervention, Surgical Interventions, Surgical Procedures, Type of Surgery
Arm A (proton SFRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)Arm B (photon SBRT, pembrolizumab, surgery)

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Patients with histologically confirmed human papillomavirus (HPV)/p16-unrelated squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and:
  • Either locally advanced (T3-T4) non-metastatic disease, or
  • Radiation-naïve locoregionally recurrent disease (prior radiation to a site outside of the treatment fields is permitted)
  • Age ≥ 18 years old
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) ≤ 2
  • Eligible to receive immunotherapy on multidisciplinary evaluation
  • Ability to complete questionnaire(s) by themselves or with assistance
  • Provide signed written informed consent in accordance with ethical, regulatory, and institutional requirements
  • Willing to return to enrolling institution for follow-up (during the active monitoring phase of the study)
  • Willing to consent to and provide tissue and blood samples for correlative research purposes (not the optional Riskguard and OncoExtra testing)
  • PD-L1 combined positive score ≥ 1

You may not qualify if:

  • Participation in another clinical study with an investigational product during the last 3 months (12 weeks)
  • Exception: Unless it is an observational (non-interventional) clinical study during the follow-up period of the study
  • Contraindications to pembrolizumab
  • Prior radiation therapy to the head and neck
  • Previous anticancer therapeutic received ≤ 30 days prior to registration, or adequate washout period on a per-agent basis, or concurrent anti-cancer therapeutic not specified by this protocol
  • Uncontrolled pre-existing condition(s), such as infection, congestive heart failure, hypertension, angina, arrhythmia, chronic diarrhea, psychiatric conditions, or others, that in the opinion of the treating investigator limits the ability to provide consent or longitudinal participation in this study
  • Inability to place 2 or more SFRT spheres within the tumor target
  • Prophylactic placement of feeding tubes is not allowed

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Mayo Clinic in Rochester

Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States

Location

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Interventions

BiopsySpecimen HandlingMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopypembrolizumabSurgical Procedures, Operative

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Carcinoma, Squamous CellCarcinomaNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsHead and Neck NeoplasmsNeoplasms by Site

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

CytodiagnosisCytological TechniquesClinical Laboratory TechniquesDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisDiagnostic Techniques, SurgicalInvestigative TechniquesSpectrum AnalysisChemistry Techniques, Analytical

Study Officials

  • Daniel K. Ebner, MD, MPH

    Mayo Clinic in Rochester

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Clinical Trials Referral Office

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 20, 2026

First Posted

August 25, 2026

Study Start (Estimated)

September 7, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2030

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2030

Last Updated

August 25, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-08

Locations