NCT07128680

Brief Summary

This phase I trial tests the safety and effectiveness of nivolumab and ipilimumab with and without EXL01 for the treatment of renal cell cancer that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the tumor, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. EXL01 is a live biotherapeutic product containing a strain of bacteria called Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. It may enhance a patient's response to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab and ipilimumab by altering the composition of the bacteria in the gut. Adding EXL01 to treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab may be safe and more effective than giving nivolumab and ipilimumab alone.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
33

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for phase_1

Timeline
28mo left

Started Apr 2026

Typical duration for phase_1

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress4%
Apr 2026Aug 2028

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 14, 2025

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 19, 2025

Completed
8 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 1, 2026

Completed
2.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 25, 2028

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 25, 2028

Last Updated

February 27, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

2.4 years

First QC Date

August 14, 2025

Last Update Submit

February 25, 2026

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in plasma IFNγ

    IFNγ plasma concentration will be analyzed using a 2-sample t-test if normality assumptions are met; otherwise, the Wilcoxon rank sum test will be applied.

    At baseline and week 13

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events (AEs)

    Up to 30 days after last dose of treatment

  • Best overall response

    Up to 2 years

  • Duration of response

    From first documented complete response or partial response until disease progression or death, assessed up to 2 years

  • Progression free survival

    From start of treatment to time of progressive disease or death, assessed up to 2 years

  • Overall survival

    From start of treatment to death from any cause, assessed up to 2 years

Study Arms (2)

Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)

EXPERIMENTAL

CYCLES 1-4: Patients receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes and ipilimumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle and receive EXL01 PO QD on days 1-21 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. CYCLES 5+: Patients continue receiving nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle and EXL01 PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT and collection of blood samples throughout the study. Patients may undergo MRI at screening and may undergo bone scan as clinically indicated.

Procedure: Biospecimen CollectionProcedure: Bone ScanProcedure: Computed TomographyDietary Supplement: Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-containing Bacterial Strain Formulation EXL01Biological: IpilimumabProcedure: Magnetic Resonance ImagingBiological: Nivolumab

Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

CYCLES 1-4: Patients receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes and ipilimumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. CYCLES 5+: Patients continue receiving nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT and collection of blood samples throughout the study. Patients may undergo MRI at screening and may undergo bone scan as clinically indicated.

Procedure: Biospecimen CollectionProcedure: Bone ScanProcedure: Computed TomographyBiological: IpilimumabProcedure: Magnetic Resonance ImagingBiological: Nivolumab

Interventions

Bone ScanPROCEDURE

Undergo bone scan

Also known as: Bone Scintigraphy
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)

Undergo collection of blood samples

Also known as: Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Specimen Collection
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)

Undergo CT

Also known as: CAT, CAT Scan, Computed Axial Tomography, Computerized Axial Tomography, Computerized axial tomography (procedure), Computerized Tomography, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, CT, CT Scan, tomography
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)
IpilimumabBIOLOGICAL

Given IV

Also known as: Anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Monoclonal Antibody, BMS 734016, BMS-734016, BMS734016, Ipilimumab Biosimilar CS1002, MDX 010, MDX-010, MDX-CTLA4, MDX010, Yervoy
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)

Undergo MRI

Also known as: Magnetic Resonance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure), Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan, Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MR, MR Imaging, MRI, MRI Scan, MRIs, NMR Imaging, NMRI, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, sMRI, Structural MRI
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)
NivolumabBIOLOGICAL

Given IV

Also known as: ABP 206, BCD-263, BMS 936558, BMS-936558, BMS936558, CMAB819, MDX 1106, MDX-1106, MDX1106, NIVO, Nivolumab Biosimilar ABP 206, Nivolumab Biosimilar BCD-263, Nivolumab Biosimilar CMAB819, ONO 4538, ONO-4538, ONO4538, Opdivo
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)Arm B (nivolumab, ipilimumab)

Given PO

Also known as: EXL 01, EXL-01, EXL01, F. prausnitzii-containing Bacterial Strain Formulation EXL01
Arm A (nivolumab, ipilimumab, EXL01)

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Documented informed consent of the participant and/or legally authorized representative
  • Assent, when appropriate, will be obtained per institutional guidelines
  • Agreement to allow the use of archival tissue from diagnostic tumor biopsies
  • If unavailable, exceptions may be granted with study principal investigator (PI) approval
  • Age: ≥ 18 years at time of signing informed consent
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) ≤ 2
  • Life expectancy \> 3 months
  • Histologically confirmed renal cell carcinoma with clear cell renal cell carcinoma component with or without sarcomatoid component
  • Advanced (not amenable to curative surgery or radiation therapy) or metastatic (American Joint Committee on Cancer \[AJCC\] stage IV) renal cell carcinoma with any disease risk disease by International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria (good-, intermediate- or poor-risk)
  • No prior systemic therapy for RCC with the following exception:
  • One prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy for completely resectable RCC if recurrence occurred at least 6 months after the last dose of adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy, provided that the patient has fully recovered from acute toxic effects to prior anti-cancer therapy
  • Measurable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,000/mm\^3
  • NOTE: Growth factor is not permitted within 14 days of ANC assessment unless cytopenia is secondary to disease involvement
  • Platelets ≥ 100,000/mm\^3
  • +19 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • Prior treatment with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CD137, or anti-CTLA-4 antibody, or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways
  • Current use, or intent to use probiotics, prebiotics, bacterial fortified foods and other natural supplements ≤ 2 week prior to treatment initiation and during the period of treatment
  • Any botanical preparation (e.g. herbal supplements or traditional Chinese medicines) intended to treat the disease under study or provide supportive care
  • Fecal microbiota transplant within 3 months prior to screening
  • Note: Patients must have recovered adequately from the toxicity and/or complications from the treatment prior to starting study intervention
  • Patients requiring chronic antibiotic therapy at the time of study enrollment
  • Unstable cardiac disease as defined by one of the following:
  • Cardiac events such as myocardial infarction (MI) within the past 6 months
  • NYHA (New York Heart Association) heart failure class III-IV
  • Uncontrolled atrial fibrillation or hypertension
  • Active interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis or history of ILD/pneumonitis requiring treatment with systemic steroids
  • Known medical condition (e.g., a condition associated with diarrhea or acute diverticulitis) that, in the investigator's opinion, would increase the risk associated with study participation or study drug administration or interfere with the interpretation of safety results
  • Receipt of any type of cytotoxic, biologic, or other systemic anticancer therapy (including investigational) within 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment
  • Radiation therapy for bone metastasis within 2 weeks or any other radiation therapy within 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment. Systemic treatment with radionuclides within 6 weeks before first dose of study treatment. Patients must have recovered adequately from the toxicity and/or complications from the treatment prior to starting study intervention
  • Known brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy and/or surgery (including radiosurgery) and stable for at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment after radiotherapy or at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment after major surgery (e.g., removal or biopsy of brain metastasis). Subjects must have complete wound healing from major surgery or minor surgery before first dose of study treatment. Eligible subjects must be neurologically asymptomatic and without corticosteroid treatment at the time of first dose of study treatment
  • +29 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

City of Hope Medical Center

Duarte, California, 91010, United States

RECRUITING

City of Hope Medical Center

Irvine, California, 92618, United States

NOT YET RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Clear-cell metastatic renal cell carcinomaCarcinoma, Renal Cell

Interventions

Specimen HandlingIpilimumabCTLA-4 AntigenMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyNivolumab

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

AdenocarcinomaCarcinomaNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsKidney NeoplasmsUrologic NeoplasmsUrogenital NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesKidney DiseasesUrologic DiseasesMale Urogenital Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Clinical Laboratory TechniquesDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisInvestigative TechniquesAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmunoproteinsBlood ProteinsProteinsAmino Acids, Peptides, and ProteinsSerum GlobulinsGlobulinsImmune Checkpoint ProteinsCostimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell ReceptorsReceptors, ImmunologicReceptors, Cell SurfaceMembrane ProteinsAntigens, Differentiation, T-LymphocyteAntigens, DifferentiationAntigens, SurfaceAntigensBiological FactorsBiomarkersSpectrum AnalysisChemistry Techniques, Analytical

Study Officials

  • Sumanta K Pal

    City of Hope Medical Center

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 1
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 14, 2025

First Posted

August 19, 2025

Study Start

April 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

August 25, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 25, 2028

Last Updated

February 27, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Locations