A Study of Lower Radiotherapy Dose to Treat Children With CNS Germinoma
A Phase II Trial Evaluating Chemotherapy Followed by Response-Based Reduced Radiation Therapy for Patients With Central Nervous System Germinomas
3 other identifiers
interventional
240
3 countries
109
Brief Summary
This phase II trial studies how well lower dose radiotherapy after chemotherapy (Carboplatin \& Etoposide) works in treating children with central nervous system (CNS) germinomas. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Carboplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works in a way similar to the anticancer drug cisplatin, but may be better tolerated than cisplatin. Carboplatin works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of tumor cells. Etoposide is in a class of medications known as podophyllotoxin derivatives. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair and may kill cancer cells. Researchers want to see if lowering the dose of standard radiotherapy (RT) after chemotherapy can help get rid of CNS germinomas with fewer long-term side effects.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for phase_2
Started Oct 2024
Longer than P75 for phase_2
109 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
April 8, 2024
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
April 16, 2024
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
October 22, 2024
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
November 4, 2033
ExpectedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
November 4, 2033
May 4, 2026
April 1, 2026
9 years
April 8, 2024
April 28, 2026
Conditions
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Event-free survival (EFS) (Stratum I)
Will be estimated for eligible and evaluable patients assigned to Stratum 1 using Kaplan-Meier (KM) EFS estimates at 2 and 3 years with respective 80% two-sided confidence intervals. Time from initiation of radiation to the first occurrence of any of the following events: biochemical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause.
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Secondary Outcomes (7)
EFS (Stratum II)
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
EFS (Stratum III)
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Radiographic response rate
Following the completion of Induction therapy, approximately 12 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation
Marker tumor response rate
Following the completion of Induction therapy, approximately 12 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation
Overall survival (OS)
Time from initiation of radiation therapy until death by any cause, up to 10 years post-enrollment
- +2 more secondary outcomes
Other Outcomes (7)
EFS (Stratum IV and Stratum V)
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
EFS (Stratum VI and Stratum VII)
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Incidence of cerebral vascular events (stroke or transient ischemic attacks)
Up to 10 years post-enrollment
- +4 more other outcomes
Study Arms (7)
Stratum I (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT, surgery)
EXPERIMENTALSee Detailed Description.
Stratum II (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with localized germinoma achieving PR with normalization of markers who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Stratum III (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with localized germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR or PR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Stratum IV (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT, surgery)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with metastatic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with metastatic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Stratum V (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with metastatic germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Stratum VI (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT, surgery)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Stratum VII (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
EXPERIMENTALPatients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Interventions
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Given IV
Given IV
Undergo IMRT
Undergo LP
Undergo MRI
Ancillary studies
Undergo second-look surgery
Undergo 3D-CRT
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Undergo IMPT
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Patients must be ≥ 3 years and \< 30 years at the time of study enrollment
- Patients must be newly-diagnosed primary localized germinoma of the suprasellar and/or pineal region by pathology and/or serum and/or CSF hCGbeta 5-50 mIU/mL AND institutional normal AFP (or ≤ 10 ng/mL if no institutional normal exists), including tumors with contiguous ventricular or unifocal parenchymal extension. No histologic confirmation required
- Patients with EITHER (A) bifocal (pineal + suprasellar) involvement OR (B) pineal lesion with diabetes insipidus (DI) AND hCGbeta ≤ 100 mIU/mL in serum and/or CSF AND institutional normal AFP (or ≤ 10 ng/mL if no institutional normal exists) in both serum and CSF. No histologic confirmation required
- Patients with hCGbeta 51-100 mIU/mL in serum and/or CSF and institutional normal AFP (or ≤ 10 ng/mL if no institutional normal exists) in both serum and CSF. Histologic confirmation of germinoma IS required
- Patients with germinoma of the basal ganglia and or/thalamic primary sites are eligible
- Patients with metastatic germinoma including non-contiguous disease or distant disease in the brain, ventricles, or spine are eligible
- Patients with germinoma admixed with mature teratoma are eligible
- Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1 or 2. Use Karnofsky for patients \> 16 years of age and Lansky for patients ≤ 16 years of age
- Patients must have eligibility confirmed by Rapid Central Imaging Review performed on APEC14B1-CNS
- Imaging studies must be obtained within 31 days prior to study enrollment and start of protocol therapy. (Note: for patients that have had surgery and post-operative imaging performed, it is the post-operative MRI that must be obtained within 31 days prior to enrollment.)
- Patients must have a cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without gadolinium at diagnosis/prior to enrollment. If surgical resection is performed, patients must have pre-operative and post-operative brain MRI with and without gadolinium. The post-operative brain MRI should be obtained within 72 hours of surgery. If patient has a biopsy only, post-operative brain MRI is recommended but not required
- Patients must have a spine MRI with gadolinium obtained at diagnosis/prior to enrollment
- Patients must be enrolled, and protocol therapy must begin, no later than 31 days after definitive surgery or clinical diagnosis, whichever is later
- Patients must have eligibility confirmed by Rapid Central Tumor Marker Review performed on APEC14B1-CNS
- Lumbar CSF must be obtained prior to study enrollment unless medically contraindicated. If a patient undergoes surgery and lumbar CSF cytology cannot be obtained at the time of surgery, then it should be performed at least 10 days following surgery and prior to study enrollment. False positive cytology can occur within 10 days of surgery. Of note, lumbar CSF should not be performed prior to obtaining spine MRI, as this can make interpretation of the spine MRI less clear
- +21 more criteria
You may not qualify if:
- Patients with any of the following malignant pathological elements are not eligible:
- Endodermal sinus (yolk sac)
- Embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma
- Malignant/immature teratoma and mixed germ cell tumor (GCT) (i.e., may include some germinoma)
- Patients with only mature teratoma upon tumor sampling at diagnosis and negative tumor markers are not eligible
- Patients who have received any prior tumor-directed therapy for their diagnosis of germinoma other than surgical intervention and corticosteroids are not eligible
- Female patients who are pregnant since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential.
- Note: Serum and urine pregnancy tests may be falsely positive due to HCGbeta-secreting germ cell tumors. Ensure the patient is not pregnant by institutional standards
- Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants
- Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
- All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
- All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (109)
USA Health Strada Patient Care Center
Mobile, Alabama, 36604, United States
Phoenix Childrens Hospital
Phoenix, Arizona, 85016, United States
Arkansas Children's Hospital
Little Rock, Arkansas, 72202-3591, United States
Loma Linda University Medical Center
Loma Linda, California, 92354, United States
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
Oakland, California, 94609, United States
Children's Hospital of Orange County
Orange, California, 92868, United States
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States
Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego
San Diego, California, 92123, United States
UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
San Francisco, California, 94158, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States
Connecticut Children's Medical Center
Hartford, Connecticut, 06106, United States
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
Wilmington, Delaware, 19803, United States
Children's National Medical Center
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20010, United States
Memorial Regional Hospital/Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital
Hollywood, Florida, 33021, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
Jacksonville, Florida, 32207, United States
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine-Sylvester Cancer Center
Miami, Florida, 33136, United States
Nicklaus Children's Hospital
Miami, Florida, 33155, United States
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
Orlando, Florida, 32806, United States
Nemours Children's Hospital
Orlando, Florida, 32827, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic - Pensacola
Pensacola, Florida, 32504, United States
Sacred Heart Hospital
Pensacola, Florida, 32504, United States
Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701, United States
Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
Tampa, Florida, 33607, United States
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
Atlanta, Georgia, 30329, United States
Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children
Honolulu, Hawaii, 96826, United States
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise
Boise, Idaho, 83712, United States
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States
University of Illinois
Chicago, Illinois, 60612, United States
University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
Loyola University Medical Center
Maywood, Illinois, 60153, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
Norton Children's Hospital
Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, United States
Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States
C S Mott Children's Hospital
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503, United States
Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55404, United States
University of Minnesota/Masonic Cancer Center
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, United States
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
Kansas City, Missouri, 64108, United States
Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center
St Louis, Missouri, 63104, United States
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States
Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114, United States
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, United States
Alliance for Childhood Diseases/Cure 4 the Kids Foundation
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States
Summerlin Hospital Medical Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89144, United States
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Cancer Center
Lebanon, New Hampshire, 03756, United States
Hackensack University Medical Center
Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States
Saint Peter's University Hospital
New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, United States
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903, United States
Newark Beth Israel Medical Center
Newark, New Jersey, 07112, United States
Saint Joseph's Regional Medical Center
Paterson, New Jersey, 07503, United States
Albany Medical Center
Albany, New York, 12208, United States
The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
New Hyde Park, New York, 11040, United States
Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
New York, New York, 10016, United States
Mount Sinai Hospital
New York, New York, 10029, United States
NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10032, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10065, United States
State University of New York Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, New York, 13210, United States
Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus
The Bronx, New York, 10467, United States
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, United States
Sanford Broadway Medical Center
Fargo, North Dakota, 58122, United States
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States
Nationwide Children's Hospital
Columbus, Ohio, 43205, United States
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, United States
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon, 97239, United States
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
Saint Christopher's Hospital for Children
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19134, United States
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15224, United States
Rhode Island Hospital
Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, United States
Prisma Health Richland Hospital
Columbia, South Carolina, 29203, United States
BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
Greenville, South Carolina, 29605, United States
Sanford USD Medical Center - Sioux Falls
Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 57117-5134, United States
Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, 38105, United States
Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
Austin, Texas, 78723, United States
Driscoll Children's Hospital
Corpus Christi, Texas, 78411, United States
Medical City Dallas Hospital
Dallas, Texas, 75230, United States
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States
Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center
Houston, Texas, 77030, United States
M D Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, Texas, 77030, United States
Children's Hospital of San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas, 78207, United States
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
Primary Children's Hospital
Salt Lake City, Utah, 84113, United States
University of Virginia Cancer Center
Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, United States
Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters
Norfolk, Virginia, 23507, United States
Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle, Washington, 98105, United States
Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital
Spokane, Washington, 99204, United States
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States
John Hunter Children's Hospital
Hunter Regional Mail Centre, New South Wales, 2310, Australia
Sydney Children's Hospital
Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
The Children's Hospital at Westmead
Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
Queensland Children's Hospital
South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
Royal Children's Hospital
Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
Perth Children's Hospital
Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
University of Alberta Hospital
Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2B7, Canada
British Columbia Children's Hospital
Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3V4, Canada
CancerCare Manitoba
Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
IWK Health Centre
Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3K 6R8, Canada
McMaster Children's Hospital at Hamilton Health Sciences
Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada
Children's Hospital
London, Ontario, N6A 5W9, Canada
Hospital for Sick Children
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
Montreal, Quebec, H3H 1P3, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke-Fleurimont
Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
CHU de Quebec-Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval (CHUL)
Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Mohamed S Abdelbaki
Children's Oncology Group
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- phase 2
- Allocation
- NON RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- TREATMENT
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- NETWORK
- Responsible Party
- SPONSOR
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
April 8, 2024
First Posted
April 16, 2024
Study Start
October 22, 2024
Primary Completion (Estimated)
November 4, 2033
Study Completion (Estimated)
November 4, 2033
Last Updated
May 4, 2026
Record last verified: 2026-04