NCT04539366

Brief Summary

This phase I trial investigates the side effects and determines the best dose of an immune cell therapy called GD2CART, as well as how well it works in treating patients with osteosarcoma or neuroblastoma that has come back (relapsed) or does not respond to treatment (refractory). T cells are infection fighting blood cells that can kill tumor cells. The T cells given in this trial will come from the patient and will have a new gene put in them that makes them able to recognize GD2, a protein on the surface of tumor cells. These GD2-specific T cells may help the body's immune system identify and kill GD2 positive tumor cells.

Trial Health

53
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial recruitment is currently suspended
Enrollment
67

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_1

Timeline
179mo left

Started Jan 2022

Longer than P75 for phase_1

Geographic Reach
1 country

6 active sites

Status
suspended

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress23%
Jan 2022Dec 2040

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 4, 2020

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 7, 2020

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 25, 2022

Completed
18.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 31, 2040

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 31, 2040

Last Updated

May 4, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

18.9 years

First QC Date

September 4, 2020

Last Update Submit

May 1, 2026

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Feasibility of producing GD2-CAR-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes (GD2CART) cells

    Success will be defined by manufacturing and expansion of GD2CART to satisfy the targeted dose level and meet the requirements of the Certificate of Analysis. Specifically, dose escalation will proceed if 3 or more of the first 3 to 6 patients in a dose level are able to produce adequate cells for evaluation.

    Up to day 28 days after cell infusion

  • Incidence of adverse events (AEs)

    Safety of GD2CART will be by the incidence and severity of dose limiting toxicities, treatment emergent AEs, serious adverse events, laboratory abnormalities, changes in vital signs, and changes in physical examination following infusion of GD2CART cells.

    Up to 15 years

  • Maximum tolerated dose

    Estimate of the maximum tolerated dose of autologous GD2CART in children and young adults with relapsed/refractory osteosarcoma and neuroblastoma following cyclophosphamide-fludarabine based lymphodepletion defined as the dose at which less than 33% of evaluable patients experience a cycle 1 dose limiting toxicity.

    Up to day 28 days after cell infusion

  • Best response to GD2CART cells

    Simon's two stage design will be used to evaluate the clinical benefit of GD2CART after conditioning lymphodepletion chemotherapy in two groups of patients: children and young adults with recurrent, refractory osteosarcoma and neuroblastoma.

    Up to day 28 days after cell infusion

Secondary Outcomes (3)

  • Persistence of GD2CART cells

    Up to 5 years

  • Capacity for rimiducid (AP1903) to reverse unacceptable toxicity related to GD2CART administration

    Up to 28 days after cell infusion

  • Feasibility and tolerability of a second infusion of GD2CART cells

    After a 2nd infusion of GD2CART cells

Other Outcomes (3)

  • Persistence of GD2CART cells

    Up to 15 years

  • Biomarkers

    Up to 28 days after cell infusion

  • GD2 expression

    Up to 28 days after cell infusion

Study Arms (1)

Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

EXPERIMENTAL

LYMPHODEPLETION CHEMOTHERAPY: Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV daily on days -5 to -2 and cyclophosphamide IV daily on days -4 to -2. GD2CART: Patients receive GD2CART cells IV on day 0. Patients also undergo ECHO, MUGA or cardiac MRI scan during screening, blood sample collection throughout the trial, and tumor biopsies and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy as clinically indicated. In addition, patients undergo standard imaging scans throughout the trial.

Procedure: Biopsy ProcedureProcedure: Biospecimen CollectionProcedure: Bone Marrow AspirationProcedure: Bone Marrow BiopsyDrug: CyclophosphamideProcedure: Echocardiography TestDrug: Fludarabine PhosphateBiological: GD2-CAR-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytesProcedure: Imaging ProcedureProcedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the HeartProcedure: Multigated Acquisition ScanOther: Questionnaire Administration

Interventions

Undergo biopsy

Also known as: Biopsy, BIOPSY_TYPE, Bx
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo collection of blood

Also known as: Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Specimen Collection
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo bone marrow aspiration

Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo bone marrow biopsy

Also known as: Biopsy of Bone Marrow, Biopsy, Bone Marrow
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Given IV

Also known as: (-)-Cyclophosphamide, 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, monohydrate, Asta B 518, B 518, B-518, B518, Carloxan, Ciclofosfamida, Ciclofosfamide, Cicloxal, Clafen, Claphene, CP monohydrate, CTX, CYCLO-cell, Cycloblastin, Cycloblastine, Cyclophospham, Cyclophosphamid monohydrate, Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate, Cyclophosphamidum, Cyclophosphan, Cyclophosphane, Cyclophosphanum, Cyclostin, Cyclostine, Cytophosphan, Cytophosphane, Cytoxan, Fosfaseron, Genoxal, Genuxal, Ledoxina, Mitoxan, Neosar, Revimmune, Syklofosfamid, WR 138719, WR- 138719, WR-138719, WR138719
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo ECHO

Also known as: EC, Echocardiography
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Given IV

Also known as: 2-F-ara-AMP, 9H-Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)-, Beneflur, Fludara, SH T 586
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Given IV

Also known as: tvs-CTL Vaccine
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo standard imaging scans

Also known as: Diagnostic Imaging Technique, Image Type, Imaging, Imaging (procedure), Imaging Procedures, Imaging Technique, imaging type, IMAGING_METHOD, imaging_type, Medical Imaging, Type of imaging
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo cardiac MRI

Also known as: Cardiac MRI, Heart MRI
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Undergo MUGA

Also known as: Blood Pool Scan, Equilibrium Radionuclide Angiography, Gated Blood Pool Imaging, Gated Heart Pool Scan, MUGA, MUGA Scan, Multi-Gated Acquisition Scan, Radionuclide Ventriculogram Scan, Radionuclide Ventriculography, RNV Scan, RNVG, SYMA Scanning, Synchronized Multigated Acquisition Scanning
Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Ancillary studies

Treatment (GD2 CAR T)

Eligibility Criteria

AgeUp to 40 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Must have histologically confirmed neuroblastoma or osteosarcoma that is recurrent or refractory and for which standard curative measures do not exist or are no longer effective. Must have histologic verification of their disease at diagnosis or at relapse
  • Patients with osteosarcoma in the dose escalation cohort, must have evaluable or measurable disease at enrollment
  • Patients with osteosarcoma in the expansion cohort must have measurable disease by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1) at enrollment
  • Patients with neuroblastoma in the dose escalation or dose the expansion cohort must have:
  • Prior progressive disease OR refractory disease present since diagnosis AND at least one of the following:
  • Evidence of tumor in the bone marrow (BM)
  • At least one metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG)-avid soft tissue or skeletal site
  • For MIBG-nonavid disease, at least one FDG-PET- positive soft tissue or skeletal site plus past histologic confirmation
  • Progressive disease is defined as any disease progression occurring at any time after the diagnosis of high-risk neuroblastoma. Refractory disease is defined as an incomplete response of high-risk neuroblastoma to all treatments but without disease progression
  • Must be \< 40 years of age
  • There is no limit to the number of prior treatment regimens. The following washout periods prior to leukapheresis apply to patients undergoing leukapheresis on this study. If a patient has cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stored, the following washout periods are strongly recommended but not required and the product is useable if it meets the criteria established in this Investigational New Drug (IND)
  • Myelosuppressive chemotherapy: Patients must not have received myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 weeks of leukapheresis (6 weeks if prior nitrosourea)
  • Hematopoietic growth factors: At least 7 days must have elapsed since the completion of therapy with a short-acting growth factor. At least 14 days must have elapsed after receiving pegfilgrastim
  • Biological agent, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, targeted agent, metronomic chemotherapy: At least 7 days must have elapsed since the completion of therapy with a biologic agent, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, targeted agent, or metronomic non-myelosuppressive regimen
  • I-MIBG or other radioisotope therapy: At least 6 weeks must have elapsed since prior therapy with 131I-MIBG. At least 6 weeks or 10 half-lives (whichever is shorter) must have elapsed since prior therapy with any other radioisotope
  • +28 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • Receiving any other current investigational agents
  • History of anaphylactic reactions attributed to anti-GD2 antibodies or to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to GD2CART, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, or other agents used in this study. History of hypersensitivity to dornase alfa, Chinese hamster ovary cell products, or any of the components of pulmozyme
  • Patients who require systemic corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive therapy. (A one-week washout from systemic corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive therapy is permitted.) Use of physiologic doses of corticosteroids (up to 3 mg/m\^2/day prednisone equivalent) are permitted. Use of topical, ocular, intra-articular, intra-nasal, or inhaled corticosteroids are permitted
  • Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
  • History of additional malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ (e.g., cervix, bladder, breast) unless untreated and stable or disease free for at least 3 years
  • Untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastasis. Patients with previous CNS tumor involvement that has been treated and is stable for at least 6 weeks following completion of therapy are permitted. Patients who are clinically stable as evidenced by no requirements for corticosteroids, no evolving neurologic deficits, and no progression of residual brain abnormalities without specific therapy, are permitted. Patients with asymptomatic subcentemeric CNS lesions are permitted if no immediate radiation or surgery is indicated
  • CNS disorder such as cerebrovascular ischemia/hemorrhage, dementia, cerebellar disease, or autoimmune disease with CNS involvement that in the judgement of the investigator may impair the ability to evaluate neurotoxicity
  • Presence of fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection that is uncontrolled
  • Ongoing infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface antigen \[HBsAg\] positive), or hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV positive) as the immunosuppression contained in this study will pose unacceptable risk. A history of HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C is permitted if the viral load is undetectable per quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or nucleic acid testing
  • Primary immunodeficiency or history of systemic autoimmune disease (e.g., Crohns, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus) requiring systemic immunosuppression/systemic disease modifying agents within the last 2 years
  • Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test. Pregnant females are excluded from this study because the effects of autologous GD2CART on the developing human fetus are unknown and because the chemotherapy agents used in this trial (cyclophosphamide and fludarabine) are category D agents with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Additionally, because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events (AEs) in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with cyclophosphamide/fludarabine, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with cyclophosphamide/fludarabine. These potential risks may also apply to other agents used in this study
  • In the investigator's judgment, unlikely to complete protocol-required study visits or procedures, including follow-up visits, or comply with the study requirements for participation. Or in the investigator's judgment, if the patient is likely to develop significant toxicity and morbidity from CAR-T cell expansion mediated inflammation based on location of tumor site

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (6)

Children's Hospital Los Angeles

Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States

Location

Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University

Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States

Location

Children's Hospital Colorado

Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States

Location

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

Location

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States

Location

University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital

Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

NeuroblastomaOsteosarcoma

Interventions

BiopsySpecimen HandlingCyclophosphamidefludarabine phosphateX-Rays

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, PeripheralNeuroectodermal Tumors, PrimitiveNeoplasms, NeuroepithelialNeuroectodermal TumorsNeoplasms, Germ Cell and EmbryonalNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms, Nerve TissueNeoplasms, Bone TissueNeoplasms, Connective TissueNeoplasms, Connective and Soft TissueSarcoma

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

CytodiagnosisCytological TechniquesClinical Laboratory TechniquesDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisDiagnostic Techniques, SurgicalSurgical Procedures, OperativeInvestigative TechniquesPhosphoramide MustardsNitrogen Mustard CompoundsMustard CompoundsHydrocarbons, HalogenatedHydrocarbonsOrganic ChemicalsPhosphoramidesOrganophosphorus CompoundsElectromagnetic RadiationElectromagnetic PhenomenaMagnetic PhenomenaPhysical PhenomenaRadiationRadiation, Ionizing

Study Officials

  • Rosandra N Kaplan

    Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 1
Allocation
NA
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
SINGLE GROUP
Sponsor Type
NIH
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 4, 2020

First Posted

September 7, 2020

Study Start

January 25, 2022

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2040

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2040

Last Updated

May 4, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

NCI is committed to sharing data in accordance with NIH policy. For more details on how clinical trial data is shared, access the link to the NIH data sharing policy page.

More information

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