NCT06860594

Brief Summary

This phase I trial tests the safety, side effects, and best dose of triapine in combination with radiation therapy in treating patients with glioblastoma or astrocytoma that has come back after a period of improvement (recurrent). Triapine may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Giving triapine in combination with radiation therapy may be safe, tolerable, and/or effective in treating patients with recurrent glioblastoma or astrocytoma.

Trial Health

53
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial recruitment is currently suspended
Enrollment
30

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for phase_1

Timeline
14mo left

Started Jul 2025

Geographic Reach
1 country

42 active sites

Status
suspended

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress40%
Jul 2025Jun 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

March 5, 2025

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 6, 2025

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 30, 2025

Completed
1.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 30, 2027

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 30, 2027

Last Updated

April 24, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.9 years

First QC Date

March 5, 2025

Last Update Submit

April 23, 2026

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Incidence of dose-limiting toxicity

    Will be graded in severity according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Frequency and severity of adverse events and tolerability of the regimen will be collected and summarized with descriptive statistics. The maximum grade for each type of toxicity will be recorded for each patient and frequency tables will be reviewed to determine toxicity patterns. Will employ the Backfill Bayesian Optimal Interval design to guide dose escalation and establish the maximal tolerated dose (MTD). The target toxicity rate for the MTD is = 0.25.

    Up to 28 days

Secondary Outcomes (6)

  • Response rate

    Up to 5 years

  • Plasma pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters

    Up to 2 weeks

  • Progression-free survival

    From study enrollment to date of either disease progression or death, assessed up to 5 years

  • Overall survival

    From study enrollment to date of death, assessed up to 5 years

  • Proportion of patients who initiated bevacizumab for symptom control

    Up to 5 years

  • +1 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (1)

Treatment (IMRT, triapine)

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients undergo IMRT QD 5 days per week (Monday-Friday) for a total of 10 treatment days over 2 weeks and receive triapine PO 2 hours prior to IMRT on each radiation treatment day in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT and/or MRI throughout the study as well as blood sample collection during screening and on study. Patients may undergo CSF sample collection during screening.

Procedure: Biospecimen CollectionProcedure: Computed TomographyRadiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation TherapyProcedure: Magnetic Resonance ImagingDrug: Triapine

Interventions

Undergo blood and CSF sample collection

Also known as: Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Specimen Collection
Treatment (IMRT, triapine)

Undergo CT

Also known as: CAT, CAT Scan, Computed Axial Tomography, Computerized Axial Tomography, Computerized axial tomography (procedure), Computerized Tomography, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, CT, CT Scan, Diagnostic CAT Scan, Diagnostic CAT Scan Service Type, tomography
Treatment (IMRT, triapine)

Undergo IMRT

Also known as: IMRT, Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure), Intensity Modulated RT, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy, Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
Treatment (IMRT, triapine)

Undergo MRI

Also known as: Magnetic Resonance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure), Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan, Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MR, MR Imaging, MRI, MRI Scan, MRIs, NMR Imaging, NMRI, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, sMRI, Structural MRI
Treatment (IMRT, triapine)

Given PO

Also known as: 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, 3-AP, 3-Apct, OCX-0191, OCX-191, OCX191, PAN-811
Treatment (IMRT, triapine)

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Patients must have histologically, molecularly, or cytologically confirmed recurrent astrocytic tumors including:
  • GBM or variants, IDH-wildtype, grade 2-4 (standard curative measures available or not)
  • Astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, grade 2-4 (standard curative measures available or not)
  • Diffuse midline gliomas, including pediatric-type H3 G34 or E3 K27 mutant tumors.
  • Tumors ≤ 6 cm in maximal diameter.
  • Patients who had recent resection for recurrent tumor must have measurable disease.
  • Patients must have at least a 6-month break from last dose of radiation therapy.
  • Re-irradiation within 6 months may increase risk for radiation necrosis/edema, which will affect toxicity assessment and patient safety. Additionally, GBM and other high-grade astrocytic tumors can exhibit pseudo-progression within 6 months from completing definitive, 1st line radiation therapy, and re-irradiation during this period will increase risk for misattribution of effect.
  • Prior history of standard dose radiation for gliomas of 59.4-60 gray (Gy) in 1.8-2 Gy per fraction (or equivalent or lower) is allowed.
  • Patients who received non-standard radiation dose regimen (e.g., 40 Gy, 34-35 Gy, 25 Gy) or stereotactic radiosurgery are eligible as long as there is at least one of the following:
  • A new tumor outside the original radiotherapy field as determined by the investigator.
  • There is histologic confirmation of tumor on biopsy or resection.
  • Imaging findings are consistent with true progressive disease (on standard MRI sequences, MRI spectroscopy/perfusion, or nuclear medicine imaging).
  • Age ≥ 18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of triapine in patients \< 18 years of age, children are excluded from this study.
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2 (Karnofsky ≥ 60%).
  • +15 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients who have not recovered from adverse events due to prior anti-cancer therapy (i.e., have residual toxicities \> grade 1) with the exception of alopecia.
  • Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents.
  • Patients who are actively taking medications that are known to induce methemoglobinemia (e.g. sulfonamides, nitrofurans, anti-malarials \[primaquine, chloroquine\], cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide).
  • History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to triapine.
  • Patients with known G6PD deficiency. Testing for G6PD deficiency is not required.
  • Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness, active infections, or any other significant condition(s) that would make participation in this protocol unreasonably hazardous.
  • Pregnant women are excluded from this study because triapine is a RNR inhibitor agent with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with triapine, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with triapine. These potential risks may also apply to the radiation used in this study.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (42)

City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center

Duarte, California, 91010, United States

Location

UCI Health - Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and Ambulatory Care

Irvine, California, 92612, United States

Location

UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center

La Jolla, California, 92093, United States

Location

UC Irvine Health/Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center

Orange, California, 92868, United States

Location

University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center

Sacramento, California, 95817, United States

Location

Yale University

New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States

Location

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center-Trumbull

Trumbull, Connecticut, 06611, United States

Location

MedStar Georgetown University Hospital

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20007, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Coral Gables

Coral Gables, Florida, 33146, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Coral Springs

Coral Springs, Florida, 33065, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Deerfield Beach

Deerfield Beach, Florida, 33442, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Doral

Doral, Florida, 33166, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Hollywood

Hollywood, Florida, 33021, United States

Location

University of Miami Miller School of Medicine-Sylvester Cancer Center

Miami, Florida, 33136, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Kendall

Miami, Florida, 33176, United States

Location

University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Sole Mia

North Miami, Florida, 33181, United States

Location

UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at Plantation

Plantation, Florida, 33324, United States

Location

Emory University Hospital/Winship Cancer Institute

Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States

Location

Northwestern University

Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States

Location

University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center

Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States

Location

Memorial Hospital East

Shiloh, Illinois, 62269, United States

Location

University of Kansas Clinical Research Center

Fairway, Kansas, 66205, United States

Location

University of Kansas Cancer Center

Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, United States

Location

University of Kansas Hospital-Westwood Cancer Center

Westwood, Kansas, 66205, United States

Location

University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center

Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, United States

Location

Siteman Cancer Center at Saint Peters Hospital

City of Saint Peters, Missouri, 63376, United States

Location

Siteman Cancer Center at West County Hospital

Creve Coeur, Missouri, 63141, United States

Location

Washington University School of Medicine

St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

Location

Siteman Cancer Center-South County

St Louis, Missouri, 63129, United States

Location

Siteman Cancer Center at Christian Hospital

St Louis, Missouri, 63136, United States

Location

NYU Langone Hospital - Long Island

Mineola, New York, 11501, United States

Location

Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone

New York, New York, 10016, United States

Location

NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center

New York, New York, 10032, United States

Location

Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute

Charlotte, North Carolina, 28203, United States

Location

Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States

Location

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, United States

Location

University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI)

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232, United States

Location

Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center

Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, United States

Location

Huntsman Cancer Institute/University of Utah

Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, United States

Location

VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center

Richmond, Virginia, 23298, United States

Location

University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - Eastpark Medical Center

Madison, Wisconsin, 53718, United States

Location

University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital

Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

AstrocytomaLymphoma, FollicularGlioblastoma

Interventions

Specimen HandlingRadiotherapy, Intensity-ModulatedMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

GliomaNeoplasms, NeuroepithelialNeuroectodermal TumorsNeoplasms, Germ Cell and EmbryonalNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms, Nerve TissueLymphoma, Non-HodgkinLymphomaLymphoproliferative DisordersLymphatic DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic DiseasesImmunoproliferative DisordersImmune System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Clinical Laboratory TechniquesDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisInvestigative TechniquesRadiotherapy, ConformalRadiotherapy, Computer-AssistedRadiotherapyTherapeuticsSpectrum AnalysisChemistry Techniques, Analytical

Study Officials

  • Stephanie M Yoon

    City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center LAO

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 1
Allocation
NA
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
SINGLE GROUP
Sponsor Type
NIH
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

March 5, 2025

First Posted

March 6, 2025

Study Start

July 30, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 30, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 30, 2027

Last Updated

April 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

NCI is committed to sharing data in accordance with NIH policy. For more details on how clinical trial data is shared, access the link to the NIH data sharing policy page.

More information

Locations