Acute Effects of Foam Rolling and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching

NCT06240013 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: 2023-20-683
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 80
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The hamstring muscle is one of the key elements in rehabilitation programs and sports activities that enable the restoration of optimal muscle length. Decreased flexibility in the hamstring muscle may disrupt the biomechanics of the waist and pelvis, leading to low back pain or musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to investigate the acute effects of foam rolling and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching during warm-up on muscle flexibility, strength, and pain threshold in amateur athletes. According to our research, there is no study in this field in the literature. H1: There is a difference between the acute effects of foam rolling exercise and PNF stretching exercise on muscle flexibility during warm-up in amateur athletes. H2: There is a difference between the effects of foam rolling and PNF stretching exercises used as warm-up exercises on muscle strength. H3: Foam rolling and PNF stretching exercises applied to the Hamstring muscle as a warm-up exercise make a difference in the pain threshold of the lumbar region and Hamstring muscle.

Conditions

Athletes

Keywords

Muscle Stretching Exercises; Pain Threshold; Range of Motion, Articular; Muscle Strength

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Hamstring Flexibility

  Hamstring flexibility (mm) will be evaluated with the sit-reach test. Baseline® Sit and Reach Flexibility Measurement device will be used for testing. Participants will sit on the floor with their lower extremities extended and together; Their backs and hips will be supported against the wall, and the soles of their feet will be placed on the edge of the device. Participants will then extend their arms forward, with both hands facing down and one hand on top of the other (always the same hand on top). Participants will then be asked to lie forward and slide their hands as far as possible on the measurement scale without bending their knees. Measurements will be repeated three times and the average value will be recorded.

  Pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention

• Hamstring Muscle Strength

  Strength measurement of the participants' Hamstring muscles will be made using a digital hand dynamometer (J Tech Commender Muscle Tester). Participants will be instructed to sit in a fairly upright position in a chair, with their arms crossed in front of their chest and their legs hanging over the edge, with their knees and hips flexed at 90°. For isometric knee flexion muscle measurement evaluation, the dynamometer will be placed in the sural triceps region (5 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus). Participants press the dynamometer as hard as possible for three seconds, while the assessor will provide resistance, preventing any movement to achieve an isometric contraction.

  Pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention

• Pain Threshold

  An algometer (Dolorimeter) will be used to objectively measure pain threshold and pain tolerance. The pain threshold value due to the pressure to be applied to the hamstring muscle and waist area will be measured using an electronic algometer (Algometer, Baseline FDK 10) while the athlete is in a prone position on the bed. The algometer will be applied vertically to the most painful point, increasing the pressure by 1kg/cm2 every three seconds until the patient feels pain. The pressure value that causes the feeling of pain will be determined as the pain threshold.

  Pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Lower Extremity Muscle Strength

  Pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention

Study Arms (2)

Group 1 Training Program

EXPERIMENTAL

5 minutes of light aerobic cycling, unilateral 2\*60 sec on dominant leg - 2 min foam rolling training in total

Other: Foam Rolling

Group 2 Training Program

EXPERIMENTAL

5 minutes of light aerobic cycling, unilateral 4\*30 seconds on the dominant leg - 2 minutes in total proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching training

Other: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching

Interventions

Foam Rolling OTHER

Participants will take a long sitting position on a solid and flat surface, positioning their arms back and transferring their body weight to their palms. The foam roller to be applied to the dominant side will be placed under the hamstrings and slowly moved back and forth from the ischial tuberosity to the popliteal fossa, applying pressure for 2 minutes.

Group 1 Training Program

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching OTHER

A PNF stretching protocol will be implemented with each participant assuming a tall sitting position on a solid, flat surface with their knees extended as much as possible. At this moment, the participant will be asked to perform maximum isometric hamstring muscle contraction for 5 seconds, followed by 5 seconds of relaxation and 20 seconds of stretching.

Group 2 Training Program

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 30 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Being between the ages of 18-30
• Being an amateur athlete

You may not qualify if:

• Hypermobility
• History of hamstring injury in the last 6 months
• Diagnosed orthopedic problems
• Surgery in the lower extremity or spine
• Back pain
• Presence of systemic or neurological disorders

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Acibadem University: lead
• The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Acibadem University

Istanbul, None Selected, 34752, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Muscle Stretching Exercises

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Elif E Safran, asst. prof.

  Acibadem University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

• Hayri E Yılmaz

  Acibadem University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Birce B Çelik

  Acibadem University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Mahmut E Bükülmez

  Acibadem University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Eren Çekiç

  Acibadem University

  STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Elif E Safran, asst. prof.

CONTACT

500 4047; elifesmabayraktar@hotmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 12, 2024
• First Posted: February 2, 2024
• Study Start: April 16, 2024
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2024
• Study Completion: February 1, 2025
• Last Updated: August 14, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-08

Locations

TU (1)