The Impact of Morning or Evening Exercise on Food Intake

NCT04720950 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: FCBMS-20-061
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 12
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The beneficial effects of regular exercise on both physical and mental health are widely known; it is a pivotal component in the treatment and prevention of many metabolic disorders, including obesity. Exercise facilitates weight management, not only by increasing energy expenditure but through its effect on appetite regulation and, therefore, energy intake. Multiple factors influence the effect of exercise on appetite regulation including body fat , gender, intensity and duration of exercise and levels of habitual physical activity . However, recently interest has grown around the impact time-of-day of exercise may have on appetite regulation . Subjective feelings of hunger follow a strong diurnal pattern, with feelings of hunger peaking in the evening and appearing lowest in the morning . Evening energy intake has been associated with increased total energy intake and body mass index Evening exercise could potentially counteract or lessen the evening hunger sensations and therefore reduce evening and total energy intake. The aim of this study is to investigate any changes in total energy intake, distribution of energy intake, and food preference on the day of and 24 -hours after a bout of moderate-intensity exercise completed in the morning or evening in a group of physically inactive adults. A total sample of 12 physically inactive adults aged 18-60 will be recruited on to the study. The study will take the form of a two-armed randomised controlled crossover trial consisting of two 48-hr overnight stays in the Human Intervention Studies Unit (HISU) at Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland. The participant information sheet will focus on the effect of morning and evening exercise on ambulatory blood pressure and exercise-induced feeling states to prevent the participants' knowledge of the true purpose of the study from influencing their feeding behaviours. Ambulatory blood pressure will be monitored for at least 24 hours after the exercise session and participants will be asked to complete questionnaires of exercise induced feeling states immediately before and after each exercise session. Participants will be briefed on the true purpose of the study following the study completion. During the visits, participants will be asked to perform 1 hour of exercise at 70% of their maximal heart rate on a motorised treadmill between either 0800-1000 or 1800-2000 on the first full day of the study appointment. Food will be provided ad libitum for the duration of the study. All food intake will be noted and covertly weighed and directly observed through security cameras in the HISU dining room and lounge areas to measure food-related behaviours, such as grazing or bingeing. A 24 hour dietary recall will be conducted at the end of each study appointment to validate recall against observed intake.

Conditions

Obesity

Keywords

Energy intake; Time of day; Exercise; Circadian rhythms; Food preferences

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Total energy intake

  Covertly weighed food intake (kJ/day)

  Over 48 hours

Secondary Outcomes (6)

• Distribution of energy intake across the day

  Over 48 hours

• Percentage energy intake from macronutrients

  Over 48 hours

• Basal metabolic rate

  Over 8 minutes after waking

• Ambulatory blood pressure

  Over 24 hours

• Exercise induced feelings state.

  Change over 1 hour (pre exercise to post exercise)

Study Arms (2)

Morning exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

1 hour of exercise completed between 0800-1000

Other: Exercise

Evening exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

1 hour of exercise completed between 1800-2000

Other: Exercise

Interventions

Exercise OTHER

1 hour of exercise on a motorised treadmill at 70% maximal heart rate

Evening exercise; Morning exercise

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 60 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Does not exercise regularly (as determined by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form.
• Able to perform 1 hour of moderate-intensity exercise on a treadmill.

You may not qualify if:

• Pregnancy/ lactation.
• Have significant dysphagia, gastric outlet obstruction, or any other factor which prevents the consumption of a meal.
• Have a significant food allergy or dietary restriction.
• Have a systemic or gastrointestinal condition that may affect food intake or preference.
• Taking medication or supplements that affect energy intake or appetite.
• Taking medication that affects blood pressure or heart rate.
• Have an irregular sleep or shift work patterns.
• Travel across \> one time zone in the last month.
• Fitted with pacemaker
• Smokes or uses vaping products

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Ulster: lead

Study Sites (1)

Human Intervention Studies Unit

Coleraine, N.Ireland, BT52 1SA, United Kingdom

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Motor Activity; Food Preferences

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Behavior; Feeding Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Central Study Contacts

Alison M Gallagher

CONTACT

+44 28 7012 3178; am.gallagher@ulster.ac.uk

Ruth K Price

CONTACT

+44 28 7012 3878; rk.price@ulster.ac.uk

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Masking Details: True purpose of the study is blinded to participants.
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Randomised crossover trial

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 12, 2021
• First Posted: January 22, 2021
• Study Start: December 1, 2020
• Primary Completion: May 31, 2021
• Study Completion: May 31, 2021
• Last Updated: January 22, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

GB (1)