Effects of Learning and Food Form on Intake in Humans
2 other identifiers
interventional
120
1 country
1
Brief Summary
Due to the rising incidence of obesity, much emphasis has been placed on identifying mechanisms of increased energy intake. At this point, the mechanisms responsible for the recent increase in obesity prevalence have not been thoroughly examined. Pre-ingestive influences, such as cognitive factors, may play a larger role in creating an energy surplus than previously thought. Expectations about the satiating effect of a food may override the post-ingestive influences in dictating further consumption. In addition, obese individuals may exhibit a decreased compensatory response to foods as compared to lean individuals. Understanding the effects of energy content, food form, and learning on satiation, satiety, and energy intake will allow for a greater understanding of the mechanisms of energy imbalance as a whole. Food choice is dictated by sensory properties and post-ingestive effects. By utilizing foods with similar sensory properties, the acquired knowledge derived from ingesting these foods can be monitored by analyzing subsequent intake at the same meal and at subsequent eating occurrences. It is hypothesized that the liquid food form will elicit weaker dietary compensation; that is, energy intake at other eating events will not be adjusted to compensate for that food. In addition, it is posited that the lower energy food will cause lower compensation postprandially. By having participants consume the same test food daily over a two week learning period, it is thought that they will show improved dietary compensation when the initial testing is repeated due to learned associations between food properties and metabolism.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable obesity
Started Sep 2011
Typical duration for not_applicable obesity
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
Study Start
First participant enrolled
September 1, 2011
CompletedFirst Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
December 5, 2011
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
December 12, 2011
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
September 1, 2013
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
May 1, 2015
CompletedOctober 15, 2015
October 1, 2015
2 years
December 5, 2011
October 14, 2015
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (6)
energy intake
Energy consumed over 12 weeks of intervention.
12 weeks
dietary compensation
spontaneous dietary adjustment in response to intervention
12 weeks
appetite
Effects of intervention on appetitive sensation such as hunger and fullness
12 weeks
effects of learning on energy intake
The effects of learning based on exposure to products that are high or low in energy and liquid or solid
12 weeks
Effects of food form on energy intake
The effects of food form on energy intake before and after chronic exposure to foods varying in food form and energy density
12 weeks
Effects of BMI on sensory learning
The effects of BMI on appetite, energy intake and dietary compensation
12 weeks
Secondary Outcomes (1)
Effects of personality traits on appetite, energy intake and compensation
12 weeks
Study Arms (4)
Energy dense beverage
EXPERIMENTALMetabolic effects of consuming energy dense beverages before and after regular consumption
Energy dense solid food form
EXPERIMENTALMetabolic effects of consuming energy dense solid foods before and after regular exposure.
Eenergy dilute beverages
EXPERIMENTALMetabolic effects of consumption of energy dilute beverages on a regular basis.
Energy dilute solid food form
EXPERIMENTALMetabolic effects of consuming energy dilute sold foods before and after regular exposure.
Interventions
Consumption of energy dense beverages for 2 weeks and monitoring physiological responses
Effects of consuming energy dense solid food for two weeks on physiological responses
Effects of consuming energy dilute beverages for two weeks on physiological responses.
Effects of consuming energy dilute solid food for two weeks on physiological responses
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Weight stable (\<3 kg weight change within last 3 months)
- Constant habitual activity patterns (no deviation \> 1x/wk at 30 min/session within last 3 months)
- Constant habitual diet patterns within last 3 months
- Willingness to eat a chocolate-flavored snack at test sessions and two week training period
- No allergies to any test foods
- Not planning to change use of medications known to influence appetite or metabolism
- Not diabetic
- No history of GI pathology
- Non-smoker for one year or more
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (1)
Purdue Univeristy
West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, United States
Related Publications (1)
Jones JB, Mattes RD. Effects of learning and food form on energy intake and appetitive responses. Physiol Behav. 2014 Oct;137:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.06.016. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
PMID: 24955495DERIVED
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- SINGLE
- Who Masked
- PARTICIPANT
- Purpose
- BASIC SCIENCE
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Distinguished Professor
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
December 5, 2011
First Posted
December 12, 2011
Study Start
September 1, 2011
Primary Completion
September 1, 2013
Study Completion
May 1, 2015
Last Updated
October 15, 2015
Record last verified: 2015-10