NCT02279849

Brief Summary

The overarching goal of B'More Healthy Retail Rewards (BHRR) is to develop, implement, and evaluate a pilot multi-level communications and pricing intervention to improve access to and consumption of healthy foods in low-income areas of Baltimore City, Maryland. BHRR has three primary aims: (1) to conduct formative research with representatives of multiple levels of the Baltimore food environment (i.e., local wholesalers, retail food store owners, and consumers) in order to select key foods for promotion, and determine appropriate communications and healthy food price reduction strategies, (2) to pilot the multi-level program with 2 local wholesale stores, and 24 small corner stores and their customers, and assess program implementation through detailed process evaluation, and (3) to assess impact of multilevel health communications and pricing strategies, combined and separately, on consumer dietary patterns and food source use, food purchasing behaviors, psychosocial variables, food security, and individual weight and height.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
444

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable obesity

Timeline
Completed

Started Mar 2012

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 1, 2012

Completed
2 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 18, 2014

Completed
11 days until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 1, 2014

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 1, 2014

Completed
8 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 31, 2014

Completed
Last Updated

March 27, 2018

Status Verified

March 1, 2018

Enrollment Period

2 years

First QC Date

February 18, 2014

Last Update Submit

March 25, 2018

Conditions

Keywords

multi-level interventionprice discountscommunicationlow income populationdietary interventionobesity preventionstore-based intervention

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Healthy food purchasing and related-psychosocial factors

    We analyzed the average change in consumer purchase of promoted foods and related consumer psychosocial variables across treatment groups from baseline and post-intervention by examine intervention effects by analyzing the change variable obtained by subtracting the pretest score from post-test score (exploratory analysis); and 2) conduct confirmatory testing of intervention effects using ANOVA and mixed models.

    Up to 8 months

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Consumer dietary intake and consumption of promoted foods

    Up to 8 months

Other Outcomes (6)

  • Store owner psychosocial variables to stock/sell promoted foods

    Up to 8 months

  • Sales of promoted foods

    Up to 8 months

  • Consumer Body Mass Index (BMI)

    Up to 11 months

  • +3 more other outcomes

Study Arms (4)

Communications

EXPERIMENTAL

These 6 stores received the communications intervention. Communications materials were developed for each program phase; 1) Healthier Drinks, 2) Healthier Essentials, and 3) Healthier Snacks. Each phase's materials included posters, recipe cards, educational handouts, shelf talkers, price tags, door signs, educational displays, and promotional giveaways (i.e., drink tumblers, re-usable shopping bags) to encourage healthy food purchasing and consumption. Stores receiving the communications intervention also received either a small refrigerator or freezer to help provide the environmental supports needed to stock perishable fruits and vegetables.

Other: Communications

Control

NO INTERVENTION

These 6 stores received no intervention.

Pricing

EXPERIMENTAL

These 6 stores received a pricing intervention. 10-30% with discounts for specific foods contingent on price elasticity of demand, initial wholesale price, and projected store-level sales. Items were given the minimum discount needed to increase store supply and consumer demand. For example, brand name frozen vegetables were discounted 30% at the wholesaler, in order to provide the storeowner with enough incentive to stock the item. The % discount passed from the storeowner to the consumer was ultimately a decision made by the storeowner, but was suggested to be at least 50% in order to increase consumer demand. Discounts were automatically applied at wholesaler registers to stores receiving the pricing intervention.

Other: Pricing

Combined (Communications & Pricing)

EXPERIMENTAL

These 6 stores received communications materials as well as pricing incentives as intervention (see Communications \& Pricing Arms Descriptions).

Other: Combined (Communications & Pricing)

Interventions

Communication materials were used to promote healthier items to consumers in corner stores.

Communications
PricingOTHER

The pricing incentives were used to help promote sales of healthier food items.

Pricing

Communications with Pricing incentives were used to promote the sale/consumption of healthier foods.

Combined (Communications & Pricing)

Eligibility Criteria

Age21 Years - 100 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • yrs of age and a regular customer at participating corner store.

You may not qualify if:

  • Under 21 years of age and not a regular customer of participating store.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Johns Hopkins University

Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Budd N, Cuccia A, Jeffries JK, Prasad D, Frick KD, Powell L, Katz FA, Gittelsohn J. B'More Healthy: Retail Rewards--design of a multi-level communications and pricing intervention to improve the food environment in Baltimore City. BMC Public Health. 2015 Mar 24;15:283. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1616-6.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

ObesityCommunication

Interventions

Costs and Cost Analysis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

OverweightOvernutritionNutrition DisordersNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesBody WeightSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsBehavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

EconomicsHealth Care Economics and Organizations

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 18, 2014

First Posted

October 31, 2014

Study Start

March 1, 2012

Primary Completion

March 1, 2014

Study Completion

March 1, 2014

Last Updated

March 27, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-03

Locations