Foot Progression Angle and Leg Press: Vastus Medialis Contractile Responses

NCT07546851 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: GRU-SBF-NS-04
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 24
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study examined the interaction between rotational foot positioning during leg press and individuals' habitual foot progression angle (FPA) phenotype on the acute contractile response of the vastus medialis muscle

Conditions

Muscle Contractile Properties; Resistance Exercise; Foot Progression Angle

Keywords

Foot progression angle; Leg press; Tensiomyography; Vastus medialis; Muscle contractile properties; Resistance training

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Maximal Radial Deformation (Dm) of Vastus Medialis

  Dm reflects the maximal radial displacement of the muscle belly in response to electrical stimulation, assessed via tensiomyography (TMG). Pre-to-post exercise change in Dm was compared between congruent and incongruent foot rotation conditions.

  Immediately before and within 90 seconds after completion of the exercise protocol

• Change in Contraction Time (Tc) of Vastus Medialis

  Tc reflects the time required for the muscle to contract from 10% to 90% of maximal radial displacement, assessed via tensiomyography (TMG). Pre-to-post exercise change in Tc was compared between congruent and incongruent foot rotation conditions.

  Immediately before and within 90 seconds after completion of the exercise protocol

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Change in Delay Time (Td) of Vastus Medialis

  Immediately before and within 90 seconds after completion of the exercise protocol

Study Arms (2)

Congruent Foot Position

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants performed leg press exercise with a foot rotation position congruent with their habitual foot progression angle phenotype. For HFPA group: 30° toe-out; for NFPA group: 0° neutral.

Behavioral: Congruent Foot Position Leg Press

Incongruent Foot Position

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants performed leg press exercise with a foot rotation position incongruent with their habitual foot progression angle phenotype. For HFPA group: 0° neutral; for NFPA group: 30° toe-out.

Behavioral: Incongruent Foot Position Leg Press

Interventions

Congruent Foot Position Leg Press BEHAVIORAL

Leg press exercise performed with foot rotation position congruent with the participant's habitual foot progression angle phenotype. HFPA group: 30° toe-out; NFPA group: 0° neutral. Protocol: 2×15 repetitions at 40% 1RM followed by 4×10 repetitions at 75-80% 1RM.

Congruent Foot Position

Incongruent Foot Position Leg Press BEHAVIORAL

Leg press exercise performed with foot rotation position incongruent with the participant's habitual foot progression angle phenotype. HFPA group: 0° neutral; NFPA group: 30° toe-out. Protocol: 2×15 repetitions at 40% 1RM followed by 4×10 repetitions at 75-80% 1RM.

Incongruent Foot Position

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Age between 20 and 35 years
• Minimum five years of regular resistance training experience
• Currently active in training
• Foot progression angle measurements of both feet meeting the defined threshold values for group classification

You may not qualify if:

• History of lower extremity surgery or serious musculoskeletal injury within the past one year
• Congenital or acquired foot deformity
• History of neurological, cardiovascular, or metabolic disease

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Giresun University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Giresun University - Sports Science Faculty

Giresun, Centre, 28100, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR
• Masking Details: The investigator performing TMG measurements was blinded to participants' phenotype group and exercise condition (single-blind).
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Model Details: Each participant performed leg press exercise under both congruent and incongruent foot rotation conditions in a crossover design, with a 48-hour washout period between sessions.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 7, 2026
• First Posted: April 23, 2026
• Study Start: January 1, 2026
• Primary Completion: January 18, 2026
• Study Completion: April 5, 2026
• Last Updated: April 23, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)