Comparison of Aquatic and Land-Based Mulligan Mobilization With Movement in Knee Osteoarthritis

NCT07484529 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: Fatima Shabbir
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 66
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to compare the effects of aquatic and land-based Mulligan mobilization with movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis, with particular focus on their impact on pain and functional outcomes.

Conditions

Knee Osteoarthritis

Keywords

Knee Osteoarthritis; Mobilization with Movement; Aquatic Exercises

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

  The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a straightforward and reliable method for evaluating pain on a continuous visual range.The extreme limits of pain are represented by the straight line's ends, where 0 indicates no pain, and 10 indicates the worst pain a person has ever felt.

  4 weeks

• Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)

  It is used to assess activities of daily living, functional mobility, gait, general health, and quality of life. It has 24 items divided into 3 subscales: pain (5 items), stiffness (2 items), and physical function (17 items). The scores range from 0 to 4 for each subscale. The score ranges from 0 to 96, where zero indicates no pain, stiffness, and functional limitation. Higher scores indicate worse pain, stiffness, and functional limitation.

  4 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Range of Motion of Knee

  4 weeks

• Time Up and Go (TUG)

  4 weeks

• Intrinsic Motivational Inventory (IMI)

  4 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Aquatic Mobilization with Movement

EXPERIMENTAL

Mulligan Mobilization with Movement will be administered in the aquatic environment using a belt, following identification of the most pain-free glide in addition to stretches and strengthening of lower limb. The technique will be performed for 10 repetitions over 3 sets and will be progressively advanced from non-weight-bearing mobilization to mobilization with overpressure, and subsequently to weight-bearing mobilization as tolerated by the patient.

Other: Aquatic Mobilization with Movement

Land Mobilization with Movement

OTHER

Mulligan Mobilization with Movement will be administered on land using a belt, following identification of the most pain-free glide, in addition to stretches and strengthening of the lower limb. The technique will be performed for 10 repetitions over 3 sets and will be progressively advanced from non-weight-bearing mobilization to mobilization with overpressure, and subsequently to weight-bearing mobilization as tolerated by the patient.

Other: Land Mobilization with Movement

Interventions

Aquatic Mobilization with Movement OTHER

This intervention group will receive treatment for four weeks inside the pool, in addition to the conventional knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation protocol.

Aquatic Mobilization with Movement

Land Mobilization with Movement OTHER

This intervention group will receive treatment for four weeks on land, in addition to the conventional knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation protocol.

Land Mobilization with Movement

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 40 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Age 40-65 years
• Bilateral knee osteoarthritis diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology Clinical Classification system for at least 1 year
• Kellgren \& Lawrence grade 2 and 3
• Able to walk independently/unaided

You may not qualify if:

• Active participation in gyms, pool(swimming), or any other physical activity
• Intra-articular corticosteroid injections in the last 3 months or hyaluronic knee injection in the last 6 months.
• History of lower limb trauma/surgery, presence of fracture or lower limb deformity, or planned surgery within the study period
• Any diagnosed severe cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, or psychological disease/impairment.
• Individuals with aquaphobia (fear of water), discomfort performing aquatic exercises, or allergy/sensitivity to chlorine or other pool treatment chemicals.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Bahria Active

Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Osteoarthritis, Knee

Interventions

Movement

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Osteoarthritis; Arthritis; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Rheumatic Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Suman Sheraz, PhD

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Suman Sheraz, PhD

CONTACT

03335646361; suman.sheraz@riphah.edu.pk

Imran Amjad, PhD

CONTACT

03324390125; imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 16, 2026
• First Posted: March 20, 2026
• Study Start: May 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): August 15, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): August 15, 2026
• Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)