Beetroot Juice: Anaerobic Performance and Fatigue in Swimmers

NCT06461117 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: BEETPERFAS
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 14
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The effects of beet juice supplementation on different types of physical performance have been examined in many studies. However, although the number of studies, including the effect of beet juice on physical performance, measuring blood lactate and fatigue levels in swimmers, is limited, most studies focused on acute intake. This study investigated the effects of beetroot juice on anaerobic performance, fatigue, and blood lactate in adolescent male swimmers.Swimmers underwent a single-blind intervention, consuming either a 2x250 ml placebo (0.6 mmol NO3- ) or beetroot juice (8 mmol NO3-) (rich in nitrate, NO3-) for six days. Performance was measured through an 8x100-meter maximal effort swim, with blood lactate and perceived fatigue assessed before and after.

Conditions

Nutrition, Healthy

Keywords

sports nutrition; beetroot; nitric oxide; swimming

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Freestyle Time Trial (TT) Swimming Performance Test

  Performance Test

  Swimmers' 8x100 m maximum effort swimming performance times were measured and recorded for 3 weeks, before the intervention, on Saturday after consuming placebo drink and beet juice, under similar conditions.

• Blood Lactate Measurement

  Blood Lactate Lactate

  Blood lactate measurement was measured and recorded before the intervention, after consuming placebo drink and beetroot juice, and after completing the 8x100 m maximum effort swimming performance, under similar conditions, for 3 weeks.

• Borg Fatigue Scale

  Fatigue

  Swimmers' fatigue was measured for 3 weeks using a Borg Fatigue Scale after performance tests. Minimum and maximum score is 0-10. Higher scores indicate greater fatigue.

Study Arms (3)

Pre-Intervention

NO INTERVENTION

In order to determine their standard performance in the first stage before the intervention, the swimmers were subjected to the 8x100 m freestyle maximum effort swimming test at 07:00 on Saturday morning without drinking any beverages. The sets were performed in 2 minutes, and the performance times for each 100-meter run were recorded with a stopwatch. At the end of the 8x100 meter test, the blood lactate values of the swimmers were measured 1 minute later with the Lactate Pro 2 analyzer. Additionally, the Borg Fatigue scale was administered to each swimmer after lactate measurement to measure fatigue levels. After the end of the test, placebo drinks were distributed to the swimmers for the second phase. No information was given about whether the drinks given to the swimmers were beet juice or placebo. The swimmers participating in the study were doing double training three days a week and single training on the other days except Sunday.

Placebo Intervention

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

In the second stage of the research, swimmers were subjected to the 8x100 m freestyle maximum effort swimming test on the same day and time of the week after consuming a placebo drink. The swimmers' blood lactate values and fatigue scale were reapplied using the same procedure. After the analysis of the results of the placebo intervention, beetroot juice drinks were distributed to the swimmers to be used in the third stage. Swimmers were asked to consume 2x250 ml of beet juice on weekdays and 1x250 ml on Saturdays before the performance test. Swimmers consumed beetroot juice 2.5 hours before training on double training days. On single training days during the week, the patient was asked to consume 2x250 ml of beetroot juice at similar times to other days.

Other: Plesabo Drink

Beetroot Juice Intervention

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

In the third and final stage of the study, the 8x100 meter freestyle maximum effort performance test, blood lactate test, and Borg scale were repeated to make final evaluations of beet juice consumption on the same day and time, and the study was concluded.

Other: Beetroot Juice

Interventions

Beetroot Juice OTHER

Beetroot juice (8 mmol NO3-) consumption before training at 6 days

Beetroot Juice Intervention

Plesabo Drink OTHER

Plesabo drink (0,6 mmol NO3-) consumption before training at 6 days

Placebo Intervention

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 13 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• ages of adolescent swimmers
• Becoming a licensed swimmer in a sports club

You may not qualify if:

• Adolescent swimmers with a medical condition diagnosed by a physician, following a special diet, and using regular medication

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Istanbul Bilgi University: lead

Study Sites (1)

İstanbul Bilgi University

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Norton KI. Standards for anthropometry assessment. In Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology. 2018; 68-137. Routledge.

  BACKGROUND

• Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):377-81.

  PMID: 7154893 BACKGROUND

• Faulkner JA. Physiology of swimming. Res Q. 1966 Mar;37(1):41-54. No abstract available.

  PMID: 5217133 BACKGROUND

• Govoni M, Jansson EA, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO. The increase in plasma nitrite after a dietary nitrate load is markedly attenuated by an antibacterial mouthwash. Nitric Oxide. 2008 Dec;19(4):333-7. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2008.08.003. Epub 2008 Aug 30.

  PMID: 18793740 BACKGROUND

• Lopez-Samanes A, Gomez Parra A, Moreno-Perez V, Courel-Ibanez J. Does Acute Beetroot Juice Supplementation Improve Neuromuscular Performance and Match Activity in Young Basketball Players? A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2020 Jan 9;12(1):188. doi: 10.3390/nu12010188.

  PMID: 31936621 BACKGROUND

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Masking Details: Beetroot juice or a placebo drink with the same organoleptic properties was given to the swimmers participating in the study. Participants did not know whether the drink they drank was placebo or beetroot juice.
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Head of Nutrition and Dietetic Department, Clinical Assistant Professor

Model Details: This study designed as a single-blind intervention study.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 7, 2024
• First Posted: June 14, 2024
• Study Start: October 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: November 30, 2023
• Study Completion: November 30, 2023
• Last Updated: June 17, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)