Peer-Delivered Episodic Future Thinking for Returning Citizens

NCT06119503 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: JRCT: 16686-01
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a brief, episodic future thinking (EFT) intervention in a substance use treatment setting serving returning citizens with substance use disorders (SUD). The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. 1.Determine preliminary implementation potential of the EFT intervention, including acceptability and feasibility of conducting the intervention.
2. 2.Examine the preliminary effectiveness of this approach, with a specific focus on patient outcomes, including changes in delay discounting, treatment retention, treatment motivation, and substance use.

Conditions

Behavior, Health

Keywords

delay discounting; episodic future thinking; returning citizen; substance use recovery

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Delay Discounting 5 Trial Adjusted Measure

  The computer based adjusting amount discounting task uses an adjusting algorithm to determine the amount of immediately available money that is equivalent to a large sum that is delayed by seven discrete durations of time presented in a randomized order (i.e., 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 5 years, and 25 years). At each delay, a choice is first presented between the delayed larger sum and a smaller sum available immediately. For each trial, the position of the delayed and immediate amounts are randomly assigned and the participant chooses the preferred option by pressing the corresponding response button.

  Baseline and up to 3 months post-intervention

• Change in Consideration of Future Consequences Scale

  The Consideration of Future Consequences Scale1 (CFCS-14) is a 14-item self-report questionnaire that assesses active consideration of longer-term implications of an individual's actions. Lower scores on the CFCS-14 are associated with a greater focus on immediate needs and have been found to be associated with less engagement in health behaviors1819 and greater substance use. The measure has been used extensively among adult samples and demonstrates strong reliability and validity. Research suggests modest but significant correlations with the MCQ.

  Baseline and up to 3 months post-intervention

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Short Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (SMAST)

  Baseline and up to 3 months post-intervention

• Change in Drug Abuse Screen Test (DAST)

  Baseline and up to 3 months post-intervention

Study Arms (2)

Elongating Time HOrizons for Reentry (ETHoR)

EXPERIMENTAL

Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) utilizes participant-generated descriptions of future events to elongate an individual's temporal horizon. In EFT paradigms, the participant is asked to create and envision vivid descriptions of specific, positively valanced, events that could happen in the future. Recent research suggests that directing EFTs to focus on specific goals (i.e. evoking images of oneself engaging in activities consistent with a desired future outcome) are associated with stronger decreases in undesirable health behaviors. Thus, as part of the ETHoR condition, participants will be asked to verbally describe and imagine four specific events reflecting positive activities in which the participant engages in substance and incarceration-free activities, corresponding to predetermined future timepoints. The PRC will encourage participants to include as many contextual and emotional details as possible.

Behavioral: Elongating Time HOrizons for Reentry (ETHoR)

Standardized Recent Thinking (ERT)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Individuals in the control group utilizes SET; an approach that controls for activation of episodic thinking but does not engage prospection (the hypothesized mechanism of episodic future thinking, future outcome) are associated with stronger decreases in undesirable health behaviors. Thus, as part of the SET condition, participants will be asked to verbally describe and imagine four current events reflecting positive activities in which the participant engages in substance and incarceration-free activities, corresponding to current experiences. The PRC will encourage participants to include as many contextual and emotional details as possible.

Behavioral: Standardized Episodic Thinking (SET)

Interventions

Elongating Time HOrizons for Reentry (ETHoR) BEHAVIORAL

The adapted episodic future thinking (EFT) intervention will focus on generation of vivid, substance-free, rewarding events that could happen in an incarceration free future.

Also known as: Episodic Future Thinking (EFT)

Elongating Time HOrizons for Reentry (ETHoR)

Standardized Episodic Thinking (SET) BEHAVIORAL

In the standardized episodic thinking (SET) condition, the participant will instead describe in vivid details events that have occurred in the recent past.

Standardized Recent Thinking (ERT)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• At least 18 years of age
• Experience in an incarceration setting within 12 months
• Identify as an individual in substance use recovery
• Willing to participate in the study
• Able to participate in written assessments and an intervention conducted in English
• Willing to receive brief bi-weekly check-in calls for one month, email, and other phone messages related to study participation including SMS/text messages as needed

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals' ineligible or unwilling to participate in study activities and assessments
• Self-reporting of active and untreated psychosis

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Henry Ford Health System: lead
• Detroit Recovery Project INC: collaborator
• Michigan State University: collaborator
• University of Kansas: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Detroit Recovery Project

Detroit, Michigan, 48208, United States

Location

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MeSH Terms

Conditions

Health Behavior

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: October 25, 2023
• First Posted: November 7, 2023
• Study Start: November 14, 2023
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2024
• Study Completion: January 30, 2025
• Last Updated: February 25, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-02

Locations

US (1)