Train Your Brain: A Pilot Project to Improve Memory and Decision Making

NCT05879198 | Completed Results

• 2 other identifiers: TYBP: 15549-31R34DA056732-01
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 23
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 2

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to pilot a computer-based working memory training program to improve delay discounting (DD) and prevent substance use among at-risk adolescents in a traditionally underserved area. Results from the study will inform future efforts substance use prevention efforts targeted at youth exposed to adverse childhood experiences. Findings will also refine future models of intervention delivery in traditionally underserved communities. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are:

• Determine if the intervention can be delivered feasibly, acceptability, and at sufficient dosage
• Evaluate the utility of the recruitment and retention procedures as well as identify barriers to participation

Conditions

Behavior, Health

Keywords

delay discounting; computer-based intervention; executive functioning; substance use; working memory

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Number of Participants With Change in Delay Discounting 5 Trial Adjusted Measure

  This measure asks participants to select between a smaller monetary amount available now and a larger monetary amount available at a delay (i.e., 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 5 years, and 25 years). K-values, reflecting the indifference points at which participants preference between smaller and larger rewards, are computed. Because k-values are typically skewed, they are log-transformed before analysis. Scores are not bounded with a minimum and maximum value, but higher scores indicate a preference for smaller-sooner rewards relative to larger rewards available after a delay. Number of participants with change in the Delay Discounting score is defined as participants who evidenced a decrease from baseline scores to post-intervention assessment indicating a greater willingness to wait for larger rewards (which has been associated with healthier outcomes).

  Baseline, 7 weeks

• Change in Consideration of Future Consequences Scale

  The Consideration of Future Consequences Scale1 (CFCS-14) is a 14-item self-report questionnaire that assesses active consideration of longer-term implications of an individual's actions. Lower scores on the CFCS-14 are associated with a greater focus on immediate needs and have been found to be associated with less engagement in health behaviors and greater substance use. Individual items are rated on a scale from 1 to 7; items are summed to create a total scores ranging from 14-98. Change in CFCS-14 score is measured by comparing baseline scores with scores at the post-intervention assessment with higher scores reflecting greater increases in future thinking .

  Baseline, 7 weeks

• Change in Tower of Hanoi

  Tower of Hanoi (TOH) is a measure of planning ahead. It requires the participant to move disks of varying sizes between three pegs in order to create a specified design. Participants are instructed to follow specific rules for play and are awarded points for making each design in the least number of moves. The minimum overall score a participant can get is zero and the maximum score is 72, with higher scores indicating better performance. The current study will use the TOH measure from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS; Delis, Kaplan \& Kramer, 2001). The test is normed on clinical and community samples of individuals ages 8 to 89 years old and demonstrates adequate reliability and validity (Delis et al. 2004).

  Baseline, 7 weeks

• Change in Letter Number Sequencing

  Letter Number Sequencing (LNS) is a measure of working memory. The participant is read a list of scrambled letters and numbers that they must then repeat back to the examiner in alphabetical and numeric order. The length of the target string increases over time until the participant is no longer able to correctly sequence three letter/ number stems in a row. We will utilize the LNS subscale from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-5; Wechsler, 2014) for participants between 12 and 16, and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV; Wechsler, 2008) for participants age 17. Higher scores indicate better outcomes with, total raw summed scores ranging from 0 to 30. Both intelligence batteries are widely used and normed on community and clinical populations.

  Baseline, 7 weeks

• Change in Iowa Gambling Task

  Iowa Gambling Task (IGT; Bechara et al., 1994) evaluates experiential decision making. It is administered via a computer interface, in which participants are presented four decks of cards and asked to select one deck to flip a card from in order to win money. Each deck is associated with specific winning and losing probabilities and performance on the task is determined by computing relative preference for longer vs. shorter-term rewards. Advantageous choices are summed and total scores range for -100 to +100 with higher scores indicating a higher proportion of advantageous choices suggesting a better performance.

  Baseline, 7 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Youth Risk Behavior Survey

  Baseline, 7 weeks

• Change in Alcohol/Marijuana Effect Expectancies

  Baseline, 7 weeks

Study Arms (1)

Single-Arm

EXPERIMENTAL

All participants in this phase of the project will receive the active working memory training intervention (15, 20-30-minute computer-based training sessions over the course of 5 to 7 weeks). Additionally, key stakeholders will be asked to participate in a qualitative interview following the intervention to refine future models of intervention delivery in traditionally underserved communities.

Behavioral: Computer-based Intervention

Interventions

Computer-based Intervention BEHAVIORAL

The current project proposes to pilot a computer-based working memory training program to improve delay discounting and prevent substance use among at-risk adolescents in a traditionally underserved area.

Single-Arm

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 12 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Youth must be between the ages of 12 and 14 and have a parent/guardian willing to provide consent for their participation
• Youth must be proficient in English in order to validly complete all assessment measures and take part in the computer-based training
• Youth must be willing to commit to participate in two to three 20-30-minute computer-based trainings for five to seven weeks
• Youth must be willing to take part in assessments before and immediately following the intervention as well as a confidential interview with researchers after completing the computer sessions

You may not qualify if:

• Currently psychotic
• Currently suicidal or evidence active suicidal ideation
• Currently diagnosed with a substance use disorder
• Parent of child participating in intervention and willing to provide consent for themselves and their children to participate
• Proficient in English in order to validly complete all assessment measures
• Willing to take part in assessments
• Currently psychotic
• Currently suicidal or evidence active suicidal ideation
• Currently diagnosed with a substance use disorder

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Henry Ford Health System: lead
• National Institutes of Health (NIH): collaborator
• National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA): collaborator

Study Sites (2)

Downtown Boxing Gym

Detroit, Michigan, 48207, United States

Location

Freedom Schools Collaborative

Flint, Michigan, 48504, United States

Location

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MeSH Terms

Conditions

Health Behavior; Substance-Related Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior; Chemically-Induced Disorders; Mental Disorders

Limitations and Caveats

No current limitations or caveats.

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Dr. Julia Felton
• Organization: Henry Ford Health

jfelton4@hfhs.org

313-598-0841

Study Officials

• Julia Felton

  Henry Ford Health

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: No
• Restrictive Agreement: No

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Scientist

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 18, 2023
• First Posted: May 30, 2023
• Study Start: June 15, 2023
• Primary Completion: September 7, 2023
• Study Completion: September 7, 2023
• Last Updated: March 28, 2025
• Results First Posted: March 28, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (2)