Associations Between Obesity, Dental Caries, Erosive Tooth Wear and Periodontal Disease in Adolescents: A Case Control-study

NCT05146557 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 670201423056
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 125
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

Objectives To compare oral health (dental caries, periodontal status, and erosive tooth wear (ETW)), diet and oral hygiene habits between obese and normal weight adolescents, and to explore possible risk associations. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, a convenient sample of 81 obese adolescents (age range 11-18) from a rehabilitation centre, and 81 age-sex-matched normal weight adolescents were selected. Groups were defined using the Body Mass Index and growth curves for Flemish. Oral health was measured using DMFT, gingival, plaque and BEWE index. A validated questionnaire was utilized to assess diet and oral hygiene habits.

Conditions

Obesity; Obesity, Childhood; Tooth Wear; Tooth Erosion; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis

Keywords

Tooth wear

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Oral health status

  Caries experience was screened using DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) with a subdivision for D1 (early caries, 'white spots'), D2 (enamel caries) or D3 (dentine caries). The periodontal status was evaluated by measuring the Gingivitis index (Silness and Loë, 1963), Plaque index (Silness and Loë, 1964) and the presence of periodontal pockets (≥4mm) in all Ramfjord teeth (1.6, 2.1, 2.4, 3.6, 4.1 and 4.4). Data were obtained from the neighbouring tooth in cases where one of these teeth were not present. Deciduous teeth and teeth with developmental disturbances were excluded. Regarding ETW, prevalence and severity was recorded using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE index).

  Once on the day of dental examination

• Association of oral health status and diet/oral hygiene habits

  A validated questionnaire was applied in order to assess oral hygiene and dietary habits. The questionnaire was applied to each participant of the study on the same day of dental examination. Participants were asked to answer the questionnaire according to their habits just before they enter the rehabilitation centre.

  Once on the same day of dental examination

Study Arms (2)

Group Obese adolescents

BMI above the 97th percentile + 2.17 to+2.18 SDS

Other: Dental examination

Group Normal weight adolescents

BMI between the 10th and 90th percentile -1.64 to +1.64 SDS

Other: Dental examination

Interventions

Dental examination OTHER

In this cross sectional observational study only Dental examination and a self response survey was applied.

Group Normal weight adolescents; Group Obese adolescents

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 11 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Cases were all the obese children/adolescents (N=81; age range 11 to 18 years-old) who were recently participating in a treatment program for obese patients in a rehabilitation centre for chronic diseases (Zee Preventorium, De Haan, Belgium). Based on the number of cases, 81 normal weight students of two Belgian secondary schools (Deinze, Belgium) were recruited as controls. Controls were sex-age-matched, had the same education level and socioeconomic status (SES).

You may qualify if:

• obesity in case group (having a BMI above the 97th percentile + 2.17 to+2.18 SDS),
• normal weight in the control group (BMI between the 10th and 90th percentile -1.64 to +1.64 SDS). Obese and normal weight groups were defined using the BMI according to the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) and the growth curves for Flemish boys and girls (2-20years).

You may not qualify if:

• smoking
• chronic disease
• receive treatment with antibiotics three months prior to the study
• consume medications with side effects on the gums
• wearing orthodontic appliances
• other ethnicity (not Belgian) were excluded as ethnicity is an influential factor in the relation between caries and obesity.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University Ghent: lead

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Pediatric Obesity; Tooth Wear; Tooth Erosion; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis

Interventions

Diagnosis, Oral

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Tooth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Tooth Demineralization; Dental Deposits; Infections; Gingival Diseases; Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Dentistry

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 9, 2019
• First Posted: December 6, 2021
• Study Start: July 1, 2015
• Primary Completion: October 25, 2015
• Study Completion: October 25, 2015
• Last Updated: December 6, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-12

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share