Resistance Training on Elderly Resilience
Effectiveness of Resistance Training on Resilience in Hong Kong Chinese Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
1 other identifier
interventional
150
1 country
1
Brief Summary
Background: There is on one hand sufficient evidence showing strong association between resilience and self-rated successful aging. On the other hand, strength training could contribute the cultivation of resilience among older adults. Therefore, the current study aims to examine the effectiveness of resistance training on resilience among Chinese older adults in Hong Kong. Methods: This study will apply a three-group, double blinded (outcome assessors and data analysts), randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effectiveness of the interventions on resilience, functional fitness, and health related quality of life immediately after a 16-week intervention, as well as the residual effects 12 weeks after completion of the interventions. Discussion: It is expected that resistance training is promising or even superior to aerobic training in the improvement of resilience. Given the limited evidence on the literature, it is urgently needed to explore the effects of resistance training on the improvement of resilience in older adults. Findings of the current study can contribute to the development of effective resistant training programs for the promotion of resilience among older adults.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for not_applicable
Started Jan 2021
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
December 23, 2020
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
December 30, 2020
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
January 30, 2021
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
September 30, 2021
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
December 30, 2021
CompletedMarch 31, 2022
March 1, 2022
8 months
December 23, 2020
March 15, 2022
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Resilience - The Chinese Version of Resilience Scale
Chinese version of RS (CRS) will be used to measure participants' resilience in the study. The CRS was modified from the Resilience Scale developed by Wagnild and Young with subsequent validation in Chinese older population and confirmed its four-factor structure: equanimity, meaningfulness, ceaseless self-improvement, and self-reliance. It is a 7-point Likert scale from 1 (highly disagree) to 7 (highly agree), with a greater score mirroring higher level of resilience. Three levels are set, with scores of 145 and above indicating moderate to high resilience, scores from 126 to 144 indicating low to moderate levels of resilience, and scores less than 126 indicating low resilience.
The measure is conducted to examine the change from baseline resilience level at 4 months and at 7 months.
Secondary Outcomes (6)
Functional fitness - Senior Fitness Test (SFT): Body Composition
The measure is conducted to examine the change from baseline body composition at 4 months and at 7 months.
Functional fitness - Senior Fitness Test (SFT): Muscle Strength
The measure is conducted to examine the change from baseline Muscle Strength and Endurance level at 4 months and at 7 months.
Functional fitness - Senior Fitness Test (SFT): Aerobic Endurance
The measure is conducted to examine the change from baseline aerobic endurance level at 4 months and at 7 months.
Functional fitness - Senior Fitness Test (SFT): Flexibility
The measure is conducted to examine the change from baseline flexibility at 4 months and at 7 months.
Functional fitness - Senior Fitness Test (SFT): Motor Ability and Balance
The measure is conducted to examine the change from baseline motor ability and balance at 4 months and at 7 months.
- +1 more secondary outcomes
Study Arms (3)
Resistance training
EXPERIMENTALIn the 16 week resistance training, there will be 3 sessions per week, the duration of each session will be 60 minutes, which include 10min of warm-up, 40min of main exercise, and 10min of cool-down. The intensity will be light to somewhat hard (Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) 11 to 13; using the Cantonese version of RPE). In resistance training, the weights (resistance) will be from participants' own bodies, dumbbells, and adjustable ankle weights.
Eight-form Yang-style Tai Chi program
ACTIVE COMPARATORIn Tai Chi, the 16-week program will be divided into cognitive, associated, and automatic stages. The coach will apply a group teaching with individual instruction on specific movements based on participant's needs in skills learning and acquisition. The same training principles of individuality and progression as well as training log-book used in resistance training will also be applied to Tai Chi training program.
Non-treatment Concurrent Control
NO INTERVENTIONParticipants in this group will not participate in any specific intervention during the whole study (the 16-week intervention and 12-week follow-up periods), but they will be asked to keep a daily log on their physical activity, medicine used, illness, diet, sleep quality and other health and physical activity related information (e.g., attending healthy eating workshops).
Interventions
Participants will receive a 16-week resistance training program, with 3 times a week (a total of 48 training sessions) and 60 minutes per session intervention, which is adopted from the 12-week resistance training program introduced in the book "Growing Stronger: Strength Training for Older Adults" (Seguin et al., 2002), with minor modifications under the advice of Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong, China (PFA).
The active concurrent control group will receive Eight-form Yang-style Tai Chi program which has been confirmed feasible and will be taught by the qualified coach.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- to 74 years old;
- capable to walk without assistive device;
- apparently healthy and live independently in communities
You may not qualify if:
- with cardiovascular or related diseases that prevent from resistance training;
- fail the PAR-Q screening or without physician's advice on readiness of participation in resistance training;
- with substantial experience in practicing resistance training or Tai Chi;
- with high level of resilience.
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- Hong Kong Baptist Universitylead
- Sun Yat-sen Universitycollaborator
- Nanjing Normal Universitycollaborator
Study Sites (1)
Hong Kong Baptist University Sports Hall
Hong Kong, Kowloon, 000000, Hong Kong
Related Publications (1)
Chung PK, Zhang CQ, Zhao Y, Wong MYC, Hu C. Effectiveness of resistance training on resilience in Hong Kong Chinese older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr. 2021 Apr 15;21(1):250. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02197-8.
PMID: 33858336DERIVED
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- DOUBLE
- Who Masked
- PARTICIPANT, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
- Purpose
- HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
- Intervention Model
- CROSSOVER
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Professor; Associate Dean (Development) of the Faculty of Social Sciences
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
December 23, 2020
First Posted
December 30, 2020
Study Start
January 30, 2021
Primary Completion
September 30, 2021
Study Completion
December 30, 2021
Last Updated
March 31, 2022
Record last verified: 2022-03