The Benefits of Consuming Hummus as an Afternoon Snack

NCT03595462 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 1804020480
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 33
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The investigators propose a randomized snack study in normal to overweight adults that will test whether the consumption of different afternoon snacks will have different effects on appetite, mood, blood sugar control, and food intake. Aim 1: To examine whether the addition of hummus as part of an afternoon snack will improve diet quality, particularly through assessments of daily:

• Vegetable consumption
• Snacking behavior
• Energy intake
• Food choices Aim 2: To examine whether the addition of hummus as part of an afternoon snack will improve appetite control and satiety including assessments of:
• Appetite Control (hunger, desire to eat, prospective food consumption)
• Cravings (sweet, salty, savory)
• Satiety (fullness)
• Eating initiation Aim 3: To examine whether the addition of hummus as part of an afternoon snack will improve free-living glycemic control. Aim 4: To explore whether the addition of hummus as part of an afternoon snack will improve mood/energy states

Conditions

Appetitive Behavior

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Perceived Hunger

  A questionnaire assessing perceived hunger will be completed at specific times throughout each of the the 6-h testing days. The questionnaire contains a 100 mm VAS incorporating a horizontal line rating scale for each response. The questions are worded as "how strong is your feeling of" with anchors of "not all" to "extremely." The range is 0 mm (min) to 100 (max). A summation (area under the curve) will be calculated. Snacks were consumed at +0 min.

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Fullness

  A questionnaire assessing perceived fullness will be completed at specific times throughout each of the the 6-h testing days. The questionnaire contains a 100 mm VAS incorporating a horizontal line rating scale for each response. The questions are worded as "how strong is your feeling of" with anchors of "not all" to "extremely." The range is 0 mm (min) to 100 (max). A summation (area under the curve) will be calculated. Snacks were consumed at +0 min.

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Desire to Eat

  A questionnaire assessing perceived desire to eat will be completed at specific times throughout each of the the 6-h testing days. The questionnaire contains a 100 mm VAS incorporating a horizontal line rating scale for each response. The questions are worded as "how strong is your feeling of" with anchors of "not all" to "extremely." The range is 0 mm (min) to 100 (max). A summation (area under the curve) will be calculated. Snacks were consumed at +0 min.

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Prospective Food Consumption

  A questionnaire assessing how much food could be consumed will be completed at specific times throughout each of the the 6-h testing days. The questionnaire contains a 100 mm VAS incorporating a horizontal line rating scale for each response. The questions are worded as "how strong is your feeling of" with anchors of "not all" to "extremely." The range is 0 mm (min) to 100 (max). A summation (area under the curve) will be calculated. Snacks were consumed at +0 min.

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

Secondary Outcomes (9)

• Perceived Sweet

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Salty

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Savory

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Sleepiness

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

• Perceived Energy

  -180 min, -120 min, -60 min, +0 min, + 30 min, +60 min, +90 min, +120 min, +150 min, +180 min

Study Arms (2)

Snack

EXPERIMENTAL

The study participants will be provided with a snack to consume every day of the week. The energy content of the snacks will be standardized to \~240 kcal. The snacks will have different levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, sugar, and fiber.

Other: Snack

No Snack

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

The study participants will not be provided with any snack and will be told to consume nothing from 2-4pm for a week.

Other: No Snack

Interventions

Snack OTHER

Hummus and Pretzels- The study participants will be provided with a hummus and pretzels snack to consume every day for a week. The energy content of the hummus and pretzels will be \~240 kcal. The hummus and pretzels contain 6 g protein, 27 g carbohydrates, 0 g sugar, 4 g fiber, and 12 g fat. Granola Bars- The study participants will be provided with two granola bars to consume every day for a week. The energy content of the two granola bars will be \~240 kcal. The two granola bars contain 4 g protein, 38 g carbohydrates, 16 g sugar, 2 g fiber, and 9 g fat.

Snack

No Snack OTHER

The study participants will not be provided with any snack and will be told to consume nothing from 2-4pm for a week.

No Snack

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• normal to overweight (BMI: 18-32 kg/m2)
• no metabolic, psychological, or neurological diseases/conditions not currently or previously on a weight loss or other special diet (in the past 6 months)
• non-smoking
• not been clinically diagnosed with an eating disorder
• habitually eat an afternoon snack between 2:00-4:00 pm
• no food allergies related to the study snacks
• rates the overall liking of hummus higher than "Neither Like nor Dislike" on the screening palatability questionnaire.

You may not qualify if:

• Clinically diagnosed with an eating disorder
• Metabolic, hormonal, and/or neural conditions/diseases that influence metabolism or appetite
• Currently or previously on a weight loss or other special diet (in the past 6 months)
• Gained/lost \>10 lb. over the past 6 months
• Taking medication that would directly influence appetite (weight-loss drugs or antidepressant, steroid, or thyroid medication, unless dosage has been stable for at least 6 months)
• Not willing or able to complete all study testing procedures

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Purdue University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Purdue University

West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Appetitive Behavior

Interventions

Snacks

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior, Animal; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Meals; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• Heather J Leidy, PhD

  Purdue University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Model Details: tightly-controlled, randomized cross-over design

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 30, 2018
• First Posted: July 23, 2018
• Study Start: June 8, 2018
• Primary Completion: December 20, 2018
• Study Completion: December 20, 2018
• Last Updated: May 2, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-04

Locations

US (1)