NCT03412773

Brief Summary

This Phase 3 study was a global, multicenter trial that randomly assigned participants to either tislelizumab or sorafenib as a first-line treatment for adults with advanced liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) that could not be surgically removed. Before enrolling Japanese participants in the main Phase 3 study, a preliminary assessment of safety and tolerability (the Safety Run-In Sub-study) was conducted in Japan.

Trial Health

98
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Strong global presence with extensive site network
Enrollment
684

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_3

Timeline
Completed

Started Dec 2017

Longer than P75 for phase_3

Geographic Reach
11 countries

122 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 18, 2017

Completed
16 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 3, 2018

Completed
23 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 26, 2018

Completed
4.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 11, 2022

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 14, 2023

Completed
1.8 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

October 14, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

October 14, 2025

Status Verified

September 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

4.6 years

First QC Date

January 3, 2018

Results QC Date

December 12, 2024

Last Update Submit

September 24, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Advanced liver cancerRATIONALE-301

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • Safety Run-in Sub-study: Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)

    An adverse event (AE) is any unfavorable or unintended sign (e.g., abnormal lab result), symptom, or disease temporally associated with study drug use, regardless of causality. A serious adverse event (SAE) is defined as any adverse event that: * Resulted in death * Was life-threatening * Required or prolonged hospitalization * Caused disability/incapacity * Lead to a congenital anomaly/birth defect * Was deemed medically significant by the investigator (e.g., required intervention to prevent severe outcomes).

    From the first dose to 30 days after the last dose, new anticancer therapy, or the analysis cutoff of December 14th, 2023 (a maximum of 64 months)

  • Safety Run-in Sub-study: Serum Concentration of Tislelizumab

    Serum concentration of tislelizumab was a pre-specified primary endpoint for the sub-study only.

    Cycle 1 and Cycle 5 at end of infusion, 24 hand 72 hours post-dose, and 8 days and 15 days post-dose (each cycle was 3 weeks).

  • Main Study: Overall Survival (OS)

    Defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Median OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methodology. Overall survival was a pre-specified primary endpoint for the main study only.

    Through the primary analysis data cut-off date of July 11th, 2022 (up to approximately 55 months)

Secondary Outcomes (21)

  • Overall Response Rate (ORR) as Assessed by Blinded Independent Review Committee (BIRC)

    Through the primary analysis data cut-off date of July 11th, 2022 (up to approximately 55 months)

  • Overall Response Rate (ORR) as Assessed by the Investigator

    Through the study completion data cut-off date of December 14th, 2023 (up to approximately 65 months)

  • Progression Free Survival (PFS) as Assessed by BIRC

    Through the primary analysis data cut-off date of July 11th, 2022 (up to approximately 55 months)

  • Progression Free Survival (PFS) Assessed by the Investigator

    Through the study completion data cut-off date of December 14th, 2023 (up to approximately 65 months)

  • Duration of Response (DOR) as Assessed by BIRC

    Through the primary analysis data cut-off date of July 11th, 2022 (up to approximately 55 months)

  • +16 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (3)

Safety Run-In Sub-study

EXPERIMENTAL

Japanese participants received 200 mg intravenous tislelizumab every 3 weeks to assess preliminary safety and tolerability.

Drug: Tislelizumab

Arm A: Tislelizumab

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants received 200 mg of intravenous tislelizumab every 3 weeks until intolerable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the investigator determined no further benefit from the therapy.

Drug: Tislelizumab

Arm B: Sorafenib

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants received 400 mg of oral sorafenib twice daily until intolerable toxicity, consent withdrawal, or the investigator deemed no further benefit.

Drug: Sorafenib

Interventions

Tislelizumab 200 mg intravenously (IV) once every three weeks (Q3W)

Also known as: BGB-A317
Arm A: TislelizumabSafety Run-In Sub-study

Sorafenib 400 mg orally (PO) twice daily (BID)

Also known as: Nexavar, BAY43-9006
Arm B: Sorafenib

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Histologically confirmed diagnosis of HCC
  • Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Stage B or C disease not amenable to or progressing after loco-regional therapy and not amenable to a curative treatment approach
  • No prior systemic therapy for HCC (with the exception of HCC participants enrolled in the safety run-in substudy \[Japan only\])
  • Measurable disease
  • Child-Pugh score A
  • Easter Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status ≤ 1
  • Adequate organ function

You may not qualify if:

  • Known fibrolamellar HCC, sarcomatoid HCC, or mixed cholangiocarcinoma and HCC histology
  • Tumor thrombus involving main trunk of portal vein or inferior vena cava
  • Loco-regional therapy to the liver within 28 days before randomization
  • Clinical evidence of portal hypertension with bleeding esophageal or gastric varices at Screening, or within 6 months before randomization
  • Bleeding or thrombotic disorder or any prescribed anticoagulant requiring therapeutic international normalized ratio monitoring (eg, warfarin or similar agents) at Screening, or within 6 months before randomization/enrollment
  • Presence at Screening of active immune deficiency or autoimmune disease and/or prior history of any immune deficiency or autoimmune disease that may relapse
  • Participant with any condition requiring systemic treatment with either corticosteroids (\> 10 mg daily of prednisone or equivalent) or other immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before randomization
  • History of interstitial lung disease or non-infectious pneumonitis, unless induced by radiation therapy
  • QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) (corrected by Fridericia's method) \> 450 msec at Screening

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (122)

Providence Medical Foundation

Fullerton, California, 92835, United States

Location

UCLA Hematologyoncology

Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States

Location

Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center

Orange, California, 92868, United States

Location

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, United States

Location

Umdnj Njms

Newark, New Jersey, 07840, United States

Location

Rj Zuckerberg Cancer Center

Lake Success, New York, 11042, United States

Location

Xcancerdayton Physician Network

Dayton, Ohio, 45409, United States

Location

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, United States

Location

Ut Health San Antonio Mays Cancer Center

San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College

Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, China

Location

Anhui Provincial Hospital

Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University

Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China

Location

The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University

Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China

Location

Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100021, China

Location

Military Hospital of China

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100039, China

Location

Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100069, China

Location

Beijing Cancer Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100142, China

Location

Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100730, China

Location

Chinese Pla General Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100853, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University

Chongqing, Chongqing Municipality, 630014, China

Location

Fujian Medical University Union Hospital

Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China

Location

Fujian Cancer Hospital

Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, China

Location

Sun Yat Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat Sen University (North)

Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China

Location

Guangdong Provincial Peoples Hospital

Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat Sen University

Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China

Location

Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University

Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China

Location

Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital

Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000, China

Location

Henan Cancer Hospital

Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China

Location

Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China

Location

Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan

Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China

Location

Hubei Cancer Hospital

Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China

Location

General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command

Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China

Location

Jiangsu Province Cancer Hospital

Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University

Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China

Location

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University

Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China

Location

Jilin Province Peoples Hospital

Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China

Location

The First Hospital of Jilin University

Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University

Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China

Location

The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Branch Laoshan

Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China

Location

Weifang Peoples Hospital

Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China

Location

Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center

Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, 200000, China

Location

Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University

Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, 200032, China

Location

Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital

Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, 300060, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China

Location

Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China

Location

Zhejiang Cancer Hospital

Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China

Location

Fakultni Nemocnice Brno

Brno, 62500, Czechia

Location

Fakultni Nemocnice V Motole

Prague, 150 06, Czechia

Location

Chu Caen Normandie

Caen, 14033, France

Location

Hopital Beaujon

Clichy, 92210, France

Location

Chu Besancon Hopital Jean Minjoz

Doubs, 25030, France

Location

Chu de Grenoble Oncology

Grenoble, 38043, France

Location

Chru de Lille Hopital Claude Huriez Hepato Gastro Enterologie

Lille, 59037, France

Location

Chu Montpellier Hopital Saint Eloi

Montpellier, 34295, France

Location

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes Hotel Dieu

Nantes, 44093, France

Location

Hopital Larchet Chu Nice

Nice, 6200, France

Location

Chu de Poitiers Site de La Mileterie

Poitiers, 86000, France

Location

Hopital Robert Debre

Reims, 51056, France

Location

Chu Saint Etienne Hopital Nord

Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, 42270, France

Location

Hopital Paul Brousse Aphp

Villejuif, 94800, France

Location

Institut Gustave Roussy

Villejuif, 94805, France

Location

Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin

Berlin, 13353, Germany

Location

Universitatsklinikum Bonn

Bonn, 53127, Germany

Location

Uniklinik Koln (Aor)

Cologne, 50937, Germany

Location

Universitatsklinikum Dusseldorf

Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany

Location

Kliniken Essen Mitte Evang Huyssens Stiftung

Essen, 45136, Germany

Location

Medizinische Hochschule Hannover

Hanover, 30625, Germany

Location

Universitaetsklinikum Leipzig Aor

Leipzig, 04103, Germany

Location

Policlinico Sorsola Malpighi, Aou Di Bologna

Bologna, 40138, Italy

Location

Po Di Cremona, Asst Di Cremona Oncologia Medica

Cremona, 26100, Italy

Location

Universita Degli Studi Di Modena Azienda Ospedaliere Policlinco

Modena, 41124, Italy

Location

Irccs Policlinico San Matteo, Universita Degli Studi Di Pavi

Pavia, 27100, Italy

Location

Ulssdolomiti

Peschiera del Garda, 37019, Italy

Location

Po Umberto I, Ao Ordine Mauriziano

Torino, 10128, Italy

Location

Osp Sbortolo, Ulss Berica

Vicenza, 36100, Italy

Location

Fujita Health University Hospital

Toyoake, Aichi-ken, 470-1192, Japan

Location

Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital Gastroenterologic Medicine

Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-0024, Japan

Location

National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center

Fukuokacity, Fukuoka, 810-8563, Japan

Location

Ogaki Municipal Hospital Gastroenterological Medicine

Ōgaki, Gifu, 503-8502, Japan

Location

Hokkaido University Hospital

Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan

Location

Hyogo Medical University Hospital

Nishinomiyashi, Hyōgo, 663-8501, Japan

Location

Kanazawa University Hospital

Kanazawa, Ishikawa-ken, 920-8641, Japan

Location

Iwate Medical University Hospital

Yahabacho Shiwagun, Iwate, 028-3695, Japan

Location

Yokohama City University Medical Center Gastroenterological Center

Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan

Location

Kanagawa Cancer Center

Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan

Location

National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center Gastroenterology

Ōmura, Nagasaki, 856-8562, Japan

Location

Nho Osaka National Hospital

Osakashi, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan

Location

Osaka International Cancer Institute

Osakashi, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan

Location

Kindai University Hospital

Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan

Location

Osaka University Hospital

Suitashi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

Location

Sasaki Foundation Kyoundo Hospital Hepatology

Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan

Location

Nihon University Itabashi Hospital Gastroenterological Surgery

Itabashiku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan

Location

Japanese Red Cross Medical Center Gastroenterology

Shibuyaku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan

Location

Center Hospital of the National Center For Global Health and Medicine

Shinjukuku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan

Location

Wakayama Medical University

Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan

Location

Chiba University Hospital Gastroenterological Medicine

Chiba, 260-8677, Japan

Location

Kumamoto University Hospital

Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan

Location

University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural Univ of Medicine

Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan

Location

Osaka City General Hospital

Osaka, 534-0021, Japan

Location

Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital

Osaka, 545-8586, Japan

Location

Tottori University Hospital Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine

Tottori, 683-8504, Japan

Location

Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne

Gdansk, 80-952, Poland

Location

Clinical Research Center Sp Z Oo, Medic R Sp K

Poznan, 60-569, Poland

Location

Narodowy Instytut Onkologii Im Marii Skodowskiej Curie Pastwowy Instytut Badawczy

Warsaw, 02-034, Poland

Location

Centrum Badan Klinicznych

Wroclaw, 51-149, Poland

Location

Hospital Universitario Vall Dhebron

Barcelona, 08035, Spain

Location

Institut Catala Doncologia

Barcelona, 08908, Spain

Location

Hospital Universitario Hm Madrid Sanchinarro

Madrid, 28050, Spain

Location

Hospital Universitari I Politecnic La Fe

Valencia, 46026, Spain

Location

Kaohsiung Medical University Chung Ho Memorial Hospital

Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan

Location

Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan

Location

China Medical University Hospital

Taichung, 40447, Taiwan

Location

Taichung Veterans General Hospital Gastroenterology

Taichung, 407, Taiwan

Location

National Cheng Kung University Hospital

Tainan, 704, Taiwan

Location

Chi Mei Medical Center

Tainan, 710, Taiwan

Location

Taipei Veterans General Hospital

Taipei, 11217, Taiwan

Location

Tri Service General Hospital

Taipei, 114, Taiwan

Location

Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

Taoyuan District, 33305, Taiwan

Location

Queen Elizabeth Hospital

Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom

Location

The Christie Hospital

Greater Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom

Location

Royal Free Hospital London Nhs Trust

London, NW3 2QG, United Kingdom

Location

Kings College

London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (3)

  • Qin S, Finn RS, Kudo M, Meyer T, Vogel A, Ducreux M, Macarulla TM, Tomasello G, Boisserie F, Hou J, Li X, Song J, Zhu AX. RATIONALE 301 study: tislelizumab versus sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2019 Jun;15(16):1811-1822. doi: 10.2217/fon-2019-0097. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

  • Qin S, Kudo M, Meyer T, Bai Y, Guo Y, Meng Z, Satoh T, Marino D, Assenat E, Li S, Chen Y, Boisserie F, Abdrashitov R, Finn RS, Vogel A, Zhu AX. Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as First-Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2023 Dec 1;9(12):1651-1659. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4003.

  • Finn RS, Kudo M, Barnes G, Meyer T, Boisserie F, Abdrashitov R, Chen Y, Li S, Zhu AX, Qin S, Vogel A. Tislelizumab versus Sorafenib in First-Line Treatment of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life in RATIONALE-301 Study. Liver Cancer. 2024 Feb 21;13(5):548-560. doi: 10.1159/000537966. eCollection 2024 Oct.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Interventions

tislelizumabSorafenib

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

AdenocarcinomaCarcinomaNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsLiver NeoplasmsDigestive System NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteDigestive System DiseasesLiver Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Phenylurea CompoundsUreaAmidesOrganic ChemicalsBenzene DerivativesHydrocarbons, AromaticHydrocarbons, CyclicHydrocarbonsNiacinamideNicotinic AcidsAcids, HeterocyclicHeterocyclic CompoundsPyridinesHeterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring

Results Point of Contact

Title
Study Director
Organization
BeiGene

Study Officials

  • Study Director, MD

    BeiGene

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restriction Type
OTHER
Restrictive Agreement
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
INDUSTRY
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 3, 2018

First Posted

January 26, 2018

Study Start

December 18, 2017

Primary Completion

July 11, 2022

Study Completion

December 14, 2023

Last Updated

October 14, 2025

Results First Posted

October 14, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-09

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Locations