Ergogenic and Antioxidant Effects of Corinthian Currant

NCT03288064 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: UTH2017AJCD
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 11
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of pre-exercise supplementation of Corinthian currant on metabolism, performance and blood redox status during, and after an acute bout of prolonged exercise. Methods: Eleven healthy male adults (18 - 45y) performed an acute bout of prolonged cycling in a crossover fashion. Each bout consisted of a 90 min constant-intensity (70 - 75% VO2max) submaximal glycogen depletion trial, followed by a time trial (TT) to exhaustion (95% VO2max), with a wash out period of 2 weeks between bouts. During each experimental condition and 30 min prior to exercise, participants consumed an isocaloric (1.5 g CHO/kg body mass) amount of randomly assigned Corinthian currants, glucose drink, or water. Blood was drawn at baseline, 30 min after the supplement consumption (pre-exercise) and at 30, 60, 90 min of submaximal trial, after TT, and 1 h after the end of exercise (post TT), for the assessment of metabolic changes and redox status alterations.

Conditions

Athletic Performance; Oxidative Stress; Inflammation

Keywords

raisins; carbohydrates; antioxidant capacity; substrate oxidation; prolonged cycling

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (14)

• Differences in time trial performance between conditions

  Participants performed an exercise protocol on a cycloergometer (Cycloergometer, Monark 834, ERGOMED C, Sweeden) consisted of 90 min of cycling at 70% - 75% VO2max, followed by a time trial (TT) at 95% VO2max to exhaustion or until the participants could not maintain a pace above 60 rpm. Gas exchange was monitored for the first 15 min until the desired steady state is established (70% - 75% VO2max), and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter.

  After the 90 min submaximal exercise trial

• Differences in glucose concentration (GLU) between conditions

  Blood GLU concentration was assessed as a marker of human metabolism. Blood GLU concentration was estimated in a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer Z 1145 (Zafiropoulos Diagnostica, Athens, Greece) with commercially available kits (Zafiropoulos, Athens, Greece). Each sample is analyzed in duplicates.

  At baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

• Differences in lactate concentration (LA) between conditions

  Blood LA concentration was assessed as a marker of human metabolism. Blood LA concentration was estimated in a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer Z 1145 (Zafiropoulos Diagnostica, Athens, Greece) with commercially available kits (Zafiropoulos, Athens, Greece). Each sample is analyzed in duplicates.

  AAt baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

• Differences in oxygen consumption (VO2) during exercise between conditions

  Cardiorespiratory changes were recorded throughout the entire exercise. Gas exchange was monitored using a gas analyzer (CareFusion, Viasis, Yorba Linda, USA).

  During the first 15 min of submaximal exercise trial until the desired steady state of VO2 (70% - 75%) was established, and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter

• Differences in carbon dioxide (CO2) during exercise between conditions

  Cardiorespiratory changes were recorded throughout the entire exercise. Gas exchange was monitored using a gas analyzer (CareFusion, Viasis, Yorba Linda, USA).

  During the first 15 min of submaximal exercise trial until the desired steady state of VO2 (70% - 75%) was established, and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter

• Differences in respiratory quotient (RQ) during exercise between conditions

  Cardiorespiratory changes were recorded throughout the entire exercise. Gas exchange was monitored using a gas analyzer (CareFusion, Viasis, Yorba Linda, USA).

  During the first 15 min of submaximal exercise trial until the desired steady state of VO2 (70% - 75%) was established, and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter

• Differences in ventilation (VE) during exercise between conditions

  Cardiorespiratory changes were recorded throughout the entire exercise. Gas exchange was monitored using a gas analyzer (CareFusion, Viasis, Yorba Linda, USA).

  During the first 15 min of submaximal exercise trial until the desired steady state of VO2 (70% - 75%) was established, and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter

• Differences in charbohydrates oxidation during exercise between conditions

  Cardiorespiratory changes were recorded throughout the entire exercise. Gas exchange was monitored using a gas analyzer (CareFusion, Viasis, Yorba Linda, USA).

  During the first 15 min of submaximal exercise trial until the desired steady state of VO2 (70% - 75%) was established, and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter

• Differences in fat oxidation changes during exercise between conditions

  Cardiorespiratory changes were recorded throughout the entire exercise. Gas exchange was monitored using a gas analyzer (CareFusion, Viasis, Yorba Linda, USA).

  During the first 15 min of submaximal exercise trial until the desired steady state of VO2 (70% - 75%) was established, and every 25 min for 5 min thereafter

• Differences in complete blood count (CBC) due to exercise between conditions

  Assessment of CBC was performed in an automated hematological analyzer (Mythic 18, Orphee SA, Geneva, Switzerland).

  At baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

• Differences in reduced glutathione (GSH) (μmol/g Hb) due to exercise between conditions

  GSH will be measured as a general index of oxidative stress. For GSH, 20 μL of erythrocyte lysate will be treated with 5% TCA mixed with 660 μL of 67 mM sodium potassium phosphate (pH 8.0) and 330 ΜL of 1 mM 5,5-dithiobis-2 nitrobenzoate. The samples will be incubated in the dark at room temperature for 45 min, and the absorbance will be read at 412 nm.

  At baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

• Differences in oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (μmol/g Hb) due to exercise between conditions

  GSSG will be measured as a general index of oxidative stress. Blood collected will be treated with NEM. For the analysis, 50 μL of erythrocyte lysate will be treating with 5% TCA and neutralized up to pH 7.0-7.5. One microliter of 2-vinylpyridine will be added, and the samples will be incubated for 2 h. Sample will be treated with TCA and will be mixed with 600 μL of 143 mM sodium phosphate 100 ΜL of 3 mM NADPH, 100 ΜL of 10 mM 5,5-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoate, and 194 μL of distilled water. After the addition of 1 μL of glutathione reductase, the change in absorbance at 412 nm will be read for 3 min.

  At baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

• Differences in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS (μM) due to exercise between conditions

  TBARS will be measured as an index of lipid peroxidation. For TBARS determination, 100 μL of plasma will be mixed with 500 ΜL of 35% TCA and 500 μL of Tris-HCl (200 mM, pH 7.4) and will be incubated for 10 min at room temperature. One milliliter of 2 M Na2SO4 and 55 mM thiobarbituric acid solution will be added, and the samples will be incubated at 95O C for 45 min. The samples will be cooled on ice for 5 min and then will be vortexed after adding 1 mL of 70% TCA. The samples will be centrifuged at 15,000g for 3 min, and the absorbance of the supernatant will be read at 530 nm.

  At baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

• Differences in protein carbonyls, (PC) (nmol/mg pr) due to exercise between conditions

  Changes in Protein carbonyls, PC (nmol/mg pr) Carbonyls will be measured as an index of protein oxidation. Protein carbonyls will be determined adding 50 μL of 20% TCA to 50 μL of plasma. Samples will be incubated in the dark at room temperature for 1 hour. The supernatant will be discarded, and 1 mL of 10% TCA will be added. The supernatant will be discarded, and 1 mL of ethanol-ethyl acetate will be added and centrifuged. The supernatant will be discarded, and 1 mL of 5 M urea will be added, vortexed, and incubated at 37C for 15 min. The samples will be centrifuged at 15,000g for 3 min at 4C, and the absorbance will be read at 375 nm.

  At baseline, pre-exercise, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min of submaximal exercise trial, after exhaustion, 1 h post exercise

Study Arms (3)

Corinthian currant supplementation

EXPERIMENTAL

Corinthian currant supplementation: 1.5 g CHO/kg BW prior to exercise

Dietary Supplement: Corinthian currant

Glucose supplementation

EXPERIMENTAL

Glucose drink (Top Star 100, Esteriplas, Portugal) supplementation: 1.5 g CHO/kg BW prior to exercise

Dietary Supplement: Glucose drink

Water ingestion

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Water ingestion: 7 ml/kg BW prior to exercise

Dietary Supplement: Water ingestion

Interventions

Corinthian currant DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Supplementation of 1.5 g CHO/kg BW in the form of Corinthian currant prior to exercise

Corinthian currant supplementation

Glucose drink DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Supplementation of 1.5 g CHO/kg BW in the form of glucose drink prior to exercise

Glucose supplementation

Water ingestion DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Supplementation of 7ml/kg BW prior to exercise

Water ingestion

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 45 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Normal BMI (18.5 - 24.99),absence of lower-limb musculoskeletal injury, absence of any metabolic disease, no drug/supplement consumption, and aerobic fitness (VO2max ≥ 40ml/kg/min at baseline testing).

You may not qualify if:

• Abnormal BMI (\<18.5, ≥25), presence of lower-limb musculoskeletal injury, presence of any metabolic disease, no drug/supplement consumption, and aerobic fitness (VO2max \< 40ml/kg/min at baseline testing).

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Thessaly: lead

Study Sites (1)

School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly

Trikala, Thessaly, 42100, Greece

Location

Related Publications (4)

• Febbraio MA, Chiu A, Angus DJ, Arkinstall MJ, Hawley JA. Effects of carbohydrate ingestion before and during exercise on glucose kinetics and performance. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 Dec;89(6):2220-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2000.89.6.2220.

  PMID: 11090571 RESULT

• Jeukendrup AE, Killer SC. The myths surrounding pre-exercise carbohydrate feeding. Ann Nutr Metab. 2010;57 Suppl 2:18-25. doi: 10.1159/000322698. Epub 2011 Feb 22.

  PMID: 21346333 RESULT

• Chiou A, Panagopoulou EA, Gatzali F, De Marchi S, Karathanos VT. Anthocyanins content and antioxidant capacity of Corinthian currants (Vitis vinifera L., var. Apyrena). Food Chem. 2014 Mar 1;146:157-65. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.062. Epub 2013 Sep 19.

  PMID: 24176327 RESULT

• Too BW, Cicai S, Hockett KR, Applegate E, Davis BA, Casazza GA. Natural versus commercial carbohydrate supplementation and endurance running performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Jun 15;9(1):27. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-27.

  PMID: 22704463 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Inflammation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Athanasios Z Jamurtas, Professor

  University of Thessaly

  STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 17, 2017
• First Posted: September 19, 2017
• Study Start: February 5, 2017
• Primary Completion: June 30, 2017
• Study Completion: September 15, 2017
• Last Updated: October 18, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-10

Locations

GR (1)