Meta-analyses of Impotrant Food Sources of Sugars and Incident Cardiometabolic Diseases

NCT02702375 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: CIHR-Sugars 2015
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 1
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

There is an urgent need for stronger evidence to support recommendations for the role of sugars in diabetes and related cardiometabolic diseases. Although large prospective cohort studies have shown a significant positive association of fructose-containing sugars-sweetened beverages with incident obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, these associations do not appear to hold true for total fructose-containing sugars and other important sources of free fructose-containing sugars such as pure fruit juice, yogurt, or even cakes and sweets. As dietary guidelines have moved away from macronutrient centric recommendations towards more food and dietary-pattern based recommendations, this inconsistency in the data has not been appreciated. There remains a focus on free sugars, in the absence of sufficient information on the role of different food sources of fructose-containing sugars in diabetes and related cardiometabolic diseases. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies is considered to be the "Gold Standard" of evidence. To provide evidence-based guidance to support the development of public health policy in relation sugars and the primary prevention of diabetes, we will conduct a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the relation of food sources of fructose-containing sugars with incident type 2 diabetes and related cardiometabolic diseases in prospective cohort studies.

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Metabolic Syndrome X; Hypertension; Cardiovascular Diseases; Stroke; Gout

Keywords

Systematic review and meta-analysis; Evidence-based medicine (EBM); Evidence-based nutrition (EBN); Clinical practice guidelines; Prospective cohort studies; Dietary sugars; Fructose; Sucrose; High fructose corn syrup; HFCS; Cohort studies; Prospective studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Metabolic syndrome; Coronary heart disease; Stroke; Hypertension; Gout

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Type 2 diabetes

  Incident type 2 diabetes

  Up to 20 years

• Metabolic syndrome

  Incident metabolic syndrome

  Up to 20 years

• Hypertension

  Incident cases of hypertension and those with high blood pressure

  Up to 20 years

• Coronary heart disease

  Incident coronary heart disease or coronary artery disease

  Up to 20 years

• Stroke

  Incident stroke

  Up to 20 years

• Gout

  Incident gout

  Up to 20 years

Interventions

Fructose-containing Sugars OTHER

Also known as: fructose, sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)

Eligibility Criteria

• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

All individuals, both children and adults, regardless of health status.

You may qualify if:

• Prospective cohort studies or case-cohort studies
• Duration \>= 1 year
• Assessment of the exposure of fructose-containing sugars or important food sources
• Ascertainment of viable data by level of exposure

You may not qualify if:

• Ecological, cross-sectional, and retrospective observational studies, clinical trials, and non-human studies
• Duration \< 1 year
• No assessment of exposures of fructose-containing sugars or important food sources
• No ascertainment viable clinical outcome data by level of exposure

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Toronto: lead
• Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR): collaborator
• The Physicians' Services Incorporated Foundation: collaborator
• Canadian Diabetes Association: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

The Toronto 3D (Diet, Digestive tract and Disease) Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Micheal's Hospital

Toronto, Ontario, M5C 2T2, Canada

Location

Related Publications (6)

• Sievenpiper JL, de Souza RJ, Cozma AI, Chiavaroli L, Ha V, Mirrahimi A. Fructose vs. glucose and metabolism: do the metabolic differences matter? Curr Opin Lipidol. 2014 Feb;25(1):8-19. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000042.

  PMID: 24370846 BACKGROUND

• Sievenpiper JL, Chiavaroli L, de Souza RJ, Mirrahimi A, Cozma AI, Ha V, Wang DD, Yu ME, Carleton AJ, Beyene J, Di Buono M, Jenkins AL, Leiter LA, Wolever TM, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ. 'Catalytic' doses of fructose may benefit glycaemic control without harming cardiometabolic risk factors: a small meta-analysis of randomised controlled feeding trials. Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108(3):418-23. doi: 10.1017/S000711451200013X. Epub 2012 Feb 21.

  PMID: 22354959 BACKGROUND

• Jayalath VH, Sievenpiper JL, de Souza RJ, Ha V, Mirrahimi A, Santaren ID, Blanco Mejia S, Di Buono M, Jenkins AL, Leiter LA, Wolever TM, Beyene J, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ. Total fructose intake and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohorts. J Am Coll Nutr. 2014;33(4):328-39. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2014.916237. Epub 2014 Aug 21.

  PMID: 25144126 BACKGROUND

• Mirrahimi A, de Souza RJ, Chiavaroli L, Sievenpiper JL, Beyene J, Hanley AJ, Augustin LS, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ. Associations of glycemic index and load with coronary heart disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohorts. J Am Heart Assoc. 2012 Oct;1(5):e000752. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.000752. Epub 2012 Oct 25.

  PMID: 23316283 BACKGROUND

• Liu Q, Ayoub-Charette S, Khan TA, Au-Yeung F, Blanco Mejia S, de Souza RJ, Wolever TMS, Leiter LA, Kendall CWC, Sievenpiper JL. Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Incident Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Dec 17;8(24):e010977. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010977. Epub 2019 Dec 12.

  PMID: 31826724 DERIVED

• Ayoub-Charette S, Liu Q, Khan TA, Au-Yeung F, Blanco Mejia S, de Souza RJ, Wolever TM, Leiter LA, Kendall C, Sievenpiper JL. Important food sources of fructose-containing sugars and incident gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open. 2019 May 5;9(5):e024171. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024171.

  PMID: 31061018 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Metabolic Syndrome; Hypertension; Cardiovascular Diseases; Stroke; Gout; Diabetes Mellitus; Coronary Disease

Interventions

Fructose; Sucrose; High Fructose Corn Syrup

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Insulin Resistance; Hyperinsulinism; Vascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Arthritis; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Crystal Arthropathies; Rheumatic Diseases; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities; Myocardial Ischemia; Heart Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Hexoses; Monosaccharides; Sugars; Carbohydrates; Ketoses; Disaccharides; Oligosaccharides; Polysaccharides; Dietary Sugars; Dietary Carbohydrates; Nutritive Sweeteners; Sweetening Agents; Flavoring Agents; Food Additives; Food Ingredients; Specialty Uses of Chemicals; Chemical Actions and Uses; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• JOHN L SIEVENPIPER, MD, PHD, FRCPC

  University of Toronto

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 2, 2016
• First Posted: March 8, 2016
• Study Start: September 1, 2015
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2018
• Study Completion: September 1, 2018
• Last Updated: August 24, 2016

Record last verified: 2016-05

Locations

CA (1)