Humanistic Approach-Based Caring Relationship Teaching in Nursing Students

NCT07786948 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: TBAEK-1168
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 42
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effect of individualized caring relationship teaching based on Paterson and Zderad's Humanistic Nursing Approach on caring-oriented nurse-patient interaction among first-year nursing students before their first clinical practice. Eligible nursing students will be randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group using a computer-based randomization method. The intervention group will receive structured theoretical education based on Paterson and Zderad's Humanistic Nursing Approach, including individualized caring relationships, presence, reciprocity, meaningful interaction, the I-Thou relationship, and empathic communication. Following the theoretical education, students in the intervention group will participate in a structured simulation session with a standardized patient. The simulation will consist of prebriefing, scenario implementation, and debriefing. Students in the control group will receive the conventional theoretical education included in the nursing curriculum and will not participate in the standardized-patient simulation. Data will be collected before and after the intervention. Caring-oriented nurse-patient interaction will be assessed using a validated measurement instrument. In addition, students in the intervention group will be evaluated during the simulation using structured assessment tools, and their simulation experience and simulation-based learning will be assessed. The study is expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of combining humanistic nursing theory-based education with standardized-patient simulation in preparing nursing students for clinical practice and developing caring-oriented nurse-patient interaction.

Conditions

Nursing Education

Keywords

Humanistic Nursing; Paterson and Zderad's Humanistic Nursing Approach; Caring Relationship; Nurse-Patient Interaction

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Caring-Oriented Nurse-Patient Interaction Scale Total Score

  The level of caring-oriented nurse-patient interaction will be assessed using the Caring-Oriented Nurse-Patient Interaction Scale. The scale consists of 70 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely). The scale includes the dimensions of significance, competence, and applicability. All items are positively worded and there are no reverse-scored items. Higher total scores indicate higher levels of caring-oriented nurse-patient interaction behaviors.

  Baseline and immediately after the educational intervent

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Simulation Experience Satisfaction Scale Total Score

  Immediately after the simulation intervention

• Simulation-Based Learning Evaluation Scale Total Score

  Immediately after the simulation intervention

Study Arms (2)

Standardized-Patient Simulation Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this group received the conventional theoretical education included in the nursing curriculum followed by a structured standardized-patient simulation consisting of prebriefing, scenario implementation, and debriefing.

Behavioral: Standardized-Patient Simulation Group

Conventional Education Group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in this group received the conventional theoretical education included in the nursing curriculum. The education consisted of theoretical instruction and brief classroom discussions. Participants in this group did not receive the standardized-patient simulation or any additional educational intervention.

Interventions

Standardized-Patient Simulation Group BEHAVIORAL

A structured simulation session with a standardized patient consisting of prebriefing, scenario implementation, and debriefing. During the simulation, students interacted individually with a standardized patient and practiced establishing a caring relationship, understanding the patient's emotions and needs, using empathic communication, and developing an individualized approach to care.

Standardized-Patient Simulation Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Being a first-year nursing student
• Being scheduled to begin clinical practice for the first time
• Being able to read and write in Turkish
• Volunteering to participate in the study and providing written informed consent

You may not qualify if:

• Not participating in the education or simulation session
• Not completing the post-test measurements
• Developing health-related or personal circumstances that negatively affect participation in the study

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Akdeniz University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi

Antalya, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Model Details: Two parallel groups will be compared. Participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group receiving humanistic approach-based theoretical education followed by standardized-patient simulation or a control group receiving conventional theoretical education.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 11, 2026
• First Posted: August 26, 2026
• Study Start: March 28, 2026
• Primary Completion: April 28, 2026
• Study Completion: May 8, 2026
• Last Updated: August 26, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)