Effect of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Pain Perception and Anxiety During Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment

NCT07719686 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: KTU-DENT-SK-01
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 36
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study evaluates the effect of menstrual cycle phases on pain perception and dental anxiety during non-surgical periodontal therapy in premenopausal women with Stage II and III periodontitis. Pain and anxiety levels were assessed using VAS and DAS scales in perimenstrual and postmenstrual phases. Periodontal treatment outcomes were also recorded before and after therapy.

Conditions

Periodontitis

Keywords

Non-surgical periodontal treatment; Dental Anxiety; Pain Perception; Menstrual cycle

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Pain perception

  Pain perception during non-surgical periodontal therapy assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS; score range: 0-10), where higher scores indicate greater pain intensity, across menstrual cycle phases.

  Immediately after completion of each treatment session (session duration was not fixed and varied according to the extent of treatment required)

• Dental Anxiety

  Dental anxiety during non-surgical periodontal therapy was assessed using the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS; score range: 4-20). The scale consists of four questions related to different dental treatment situations, each with five response options of increasing intensity. Participants were asked to select the response that best reflected their level of anxiety. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety levels, across menstrual cycle phases.

  Immediately after completion of each treatment session (session duration was not fixed and varied according to the extent of treatment required)

Secondary Outcomes (5)

• Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)

  Baseline (pre-treatment) and 6 weeks after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy

• Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)

  Baseline (pre-treatment) and 6 weeks after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy

• Gingival Index (GI)

  Baseline (pre-treatment) and 6 weeks after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy

• Plaque Index (PI)

  Baseline (pre-treatment) and 6 weeks after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy

• Bleeding on Probing (BoP)

  Baseline (pre-treatment) and 6 weeks after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy

Study Arms (2)

Perimenstrual Phase Group

Female patients with Stage II and III periodontitis who underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy during the perimenstrual phase.

Procedure: Non Surgical Periodontal Treatment

Postmenstrual Phase Group

Female patients with Stage II and III periodontitis who underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy during the postmenstrual phase.

Procedure: Non Surgical Periodontal Treatment

Interventions

Non Surgical Periodontal Treatment PROCEDURE

Standard non-surgical periodontal therapy including scaling and root planing performed without local anesthesia.

Perimenstrual Phase Group; Postmenstrual Phase Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Systemically healthy premenopausal female patients diagnosed with Stage II and III periodontitis attending the Department of Periodontology were included in the study.

You may qualify if:

• Female patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with Stage II and III periodontitis, systemically healthy, and not using medications affecting pain perception or hormonal status. Participants with regular menstrual cycles were included.

You may not qualify if:

• Patients with systemic diseases, pregnancy or lactation, use of analgesic, anti-inflammatory or hormonal medications, smokers (if excluded), and those with irregular menstrual cycles were excluded.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Karadeniz Technical University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology

Trabzon, Trabzon, 61080, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Periodontitis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Target Duration: 1 Week
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Research Assistant, Department of Periodontology

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 2, 2026
• First Posted: July 22, 2026
• Study Start: June 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: May 1, 2025
• Study Completion: May 1, 2025
• Last Updated: July 22, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)