NCT07572266

Brief Summary

Aging-related functional declines are thought to be caused by hallmark biological processes that ultimately manifest in physical, mental, and metabolic impairments to compromise intrinsic capacity and healthspan. Exercise is the only multipotent treatment with promise to mitigate many of the aging hallmarks, but there is substantial variability in individual exercise responsiveness. Thus, the investigators approach to boosting exercise responsiveness in aging is to combine an exercise training prescription containing both endurance and resistance training (in alignment with DHHS guidelines) with a nitrate-enriched dietary supplement to augment the cellular, tissue, and systemic adaptations that induce myriad health benefits of exercise in older adults.

Trial Health

63
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Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
226

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
61mo left

Started May 2026

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 17, 2026

Completed
14 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 1, 2026

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 7, 2026

Completed
5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 1, 2031

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 1, 2031

Last Updated

May 7, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

5 years

First QC Date

April 17, 2026

Last Update Submit

April 30, 2026

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Assess the clinical impact of nitrate supplementation on a proportion of older adults attaining exercise-induced health benefits.

    The primary outcome will be assessed using logistic regression with the proportion not attaining Cardiorespiratory Fitness and functional Muscle Quality Minimally Clinical Differences as the response variable and treatment adjusted for sex and age group across the 12 week intervention.

    12 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (6)

  • Cardiorespiratory demand during submaximal cycle exercise.

    12 weeks

  • Neuromuscular fatiguability during isometric holds.

    12 weeks

  • 10 meter max gait speed.

    12 weeks

  • modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS)

    12 weeks

  • NIH PROMIS Physical Function SF

    12 weeks

  • +1 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (4)

  • Cognitive function.

    12 weeks

  • Psychological state.

    12 weeks

  • Sleep quality and nocturnal stress.

    12 weeks

  • +1 more other outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Nitrate Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will be randomized to an intervention in which they take 800 mg (2 x 400 mg) nitrate-enriched beetroot juice drink \[Beet It Sport Nitrate 400 (70 ml per drink)\]. Both nitrate and placebo will be purchased from Beet It.

Dietary Supplement: Nitrate enriched beetroot juiceOther: 12 week of combined exercise training

Placebo Group

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Participants will be randomized to an intervention in which they take 800 mg (2 x 400 mg) nitrate-deprived, manufacturer-matched beetroot juice drink \[Beet It Sport Nitrate 400 (70 ml per drink)\]. Both nitrate and placebo will be purchased from Beet It.

Dietary Supplement: Nitrate depleted beetroot juiceOther: 12 week of combined exercise training

Interventions

Participants will be randomized to an intervention in which they take 800 mg (2 x 400 mg) nitrate-enriched beetroot juice drink \[Beet It Sport Nitrate 400 (70 ml per drink)\]. Both nitrate and placebo will be purchased from Beet It.

Nitrate Group

Manufacturer-matched placebo that is nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (70 ml per drink). Both nitrate and placebo will be purchased from Beet It.

Placebo Group

All participants: An exercise dose will be composed of 12 wk of 3d/wk laboratory based supervised prescribed with strategic variations in intensity, volume, and modality across the 3 weekly sessions. During Monday and Friday RT sessions, participants complete 3 sets x 8-12 reps to volitional fatigue for leg press, knee extension, leg curl, overhead press, lat pulldown or row, and chest press in superset fashion with a 60 s rest between supersets. On Wednesday, participants perform 2 sets of 13-15 reps of leg press, knee extension, chest press and lat pulldowns with specific cues for speed and fast contractions. RT is complemented by the ET component which follows a Moderate-High Moderate intensity schedule with 30 min of 70-75% HRR steady state cycling on Monday and Friday separated by a Wednesday 20 min high intensity interval session on a cycle ergometer (1 min on/off; 10 cycles) at near maximal intensity with a target of 90% HRR.

Nitrate GroupPlacebo Group

Eligibility Criteria

Age60 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Male or female aged 60 years or older
  • Free of chronic disease or disorder that would preclude full participation or have the potential to confound results
  • No structured exercise program (2 or more bouts/wk) within previous 12 months
  • Cognitively capable of providing informed consent

You may not qualify if:

  • BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2
  • Neurodegenerative disease
  • Neuromuscular, musculoskeletal or orthopedic disorder or condition that would limit ability to perform the exercise prescription and/or physical performance testing
  • Diagnosed orthostatic hypotension, i.e., a drop in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg or a drop in diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mmHg within three minutes of standing up from a sitting or lying position.
  • Resting blood pressure \<90/60 mmHg or \>160/95 mmHg
  • Uncontrolled hypertension
  • Any current cardiovascular disease or cardiopulmonary instability
  • Recent cardiovascular event or procedure within the preceding 6 months
  • If valve replacement has been performed, patient may not be enrolled for 12 months after the procedure
  • Any mechanical valve replacement that requires continuous warfarin anti-coagulation
  • Anemia: Hgb \<11.0 (♂),10.0 (♂) gm/dl
  • Diabetes with HgbA1c \>7.0% or fasting blood glucose ≥ 130 mg/dl
  • Liver disease with ALT \> 52 U/l)
  • Chronic kidney disease (eGFR \< 45)
  • Any current infectious disease
  • +14 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition

Pensacola, Florida, 32502, United States

Location

Central Study Contacts

Craig Tuggle, MA

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
Masking Details
Participants will be randomized in double-blind fashion to consume 2x/day nitrate-rich beetroot juice (Beet-it®, 400 mg inorganic nitrate per dose x 2/day) or nitrate-depleted placebo beetroot juice. To bolster trial rigor, the placebo is also produced by Beet-it®, is taste- and volume-matched, contains all other potentially bioactive ingredients sans nitrate, and active vs. placebo bottles are indistinguishable. The blind will be held by independent research staff not involved in the study. Daily consumption of each dose will be closely monitored via a phone-based logging app integrated with the electronic DEMS. The app also enables research staff to push reminders to participants as needed. Participant tolerance has not been a concern in our prior and ongoing studies. However, the investigators will monitor individual tolerance and address any issues on a case-by-case basis.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
SEQUENTIAL
Model Details: Parallel randomized controlled trials typically aim to test whether intervention "A" outperforms placebo "B" in group wise analyses based on a statistical analysis of variance comparing group means, where the mathematical probability of detecting "significance" between A and B increases with the degree of homogeneity of individual responses in group A and in group B. Our analytic plan in BOOST-X is far more innovative; it leverages the heterogeneity among individuals. After over two decades of studying potential mechanisms of Individual Response Heterogeneity (IRH) and strategies to boost response rates including exercise dosing, adjuvant nutrition, and adjuvant medication, the investigators have come to expect IRH. The goal is to maximize the proportion of individuals who attain clinically important health benefits, specifically MCIDs for CRF and fMQ. And the investigators hypothesize adjuvant nitrate will substantially boost this proportion.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 17, 2026

First Posted

May 7, 2026

Study Start

May 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2031

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2031

Last Updated

May 7, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

De-identified phenotyping data will be made accessible through supplementary data tables and files alongside manuscript publication or via third-party repositories. This data will also be hosted on secure server space without any link to PHI and made accessible through a publicly available Shiny app. Primary cell aliquots and biobanked snap frozen muscle and/or frozen blood samples will be provided to investigators upon reasonable request along with de-identified metadata.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, CSR
Time Frame
Data share will begin when as soon as first data collections begin. Sub award sites will enter participant data on the secure Data Entry Management System (DEMS). Data shares will continue until the close of study.
Access Criteria
Access to all study data is granted on the researcher regulatory training and local IRB approval.

Locations