Understanding the Relationship of Body Composition and Metabolism in Adult and Older Filipino Endurance and Strength Athletes in the Philippines

NCT07548515 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: FIERC-2025-019
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 120
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

This study aims to address the gap by investigating the correlation between body composition and metabolism in adult and older Filipino endurance and strength athletes. It seeks to offer significant insights that can guide age- and sport-specific training programs, nutritional strategies, and health interventions adapted to the requirements of Filipino athletes. The results may help enhance the wider discussion on fostering healthy aging and athletic longevity in the Philippines.

Conditions

Nutrition Physiology; Athletes; The Focus of This Study is to Describe the Body Composition and Metabolism of Athletes and Non-athletes

Keywords

Body composition; metabolism; aerobic capacity; Athletes

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (10)

• Fat Mass in kilograms and percentage

  Fat mass will be measured using the Bioelectric Impedance Analyzer (BIA), the Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Machine, Deuterium Dilution Technique (DDT), ultrasound technology, and air displacement method.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Fat-Free Mass in kilograms and percentage

  Fat-free mass will be measured using the Bioelectric Impedance Analyzer (BIA), the Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Machine, Deuterium Dilution Technique (DDT), ultrasound technology, and air displacement method.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Resting Metabolic Rate in kilocalories per day

  Resting Metabolic Rate Energy expenditure at rest will be measured using an indirect calorimeter (COSMED Fitmate, Rome, Italy) in the fasting state (10-12 hours).

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Activity Energy Expenditure in kilocalories

  Active energy expenditure will be measured using an indirect calorimeter (COSMED K5). They will follow an Incremental Step Test using a cycle ergometer. The participants will be assisted by a researcher during the familiarization phase wherein the KOPS Approach and Familiarization to the equipment will be held. The KOPS Approach must have their legs at least right angle, knees and arms should not be over extended. Make sure that the feet of participants are sealed onto the pedal pads. Participants will be instructed to maintain a pedaling rate of 40-60 revolutions per minute (rpm). Each stage of the test will last three minutes, with the workload increasing progressively until the participant reaches fatigue or test termination

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Aerobic Capacity in mL/kg/min

  Aerobic capacity will be measured using an incremental step test in an ergocycle.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Blood Lactate Concentration in mmol/L during exercise

  Lactate levels will be measured at baseline, during the conducted of incremental step test (during stage 3 and stage 5), and during the cool down period. 20 uL of blood will be collected through finger-prick.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Handgrip strength in kilograms

  A hydraulic hand dynamometer will be used as an objective instrument for grip strength.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Leg strength in Newton-meter

  An isokinetic dynamometer will be utilized to measure leg strength, precisely that of the quadriceps muscle. This will be assessed using maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the knee extensors using an isokinetic dynamometer.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Speed of participants in kilometers per hour

  To assess the speed of young athletes and non-athletes, the study will use the Beep Test. In this test, participants run back and forth between two cones placed 20 meters apart, following the pace set by audio "beep" sounds. Divided into 21 levels, with each level lasting about 1 minute. The running speed starts at 8.5 km/h and gradually increases by 0.5 km/h at every making the test more challenging as it progresses.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

• Dietary Intake in kilocalories or grams per day

  The participants' dietary intake for two non-consecutive days (one weekday and one weekend) before the data collection will be collected using a food record (FR). For athletes, it is preferable that one training day will be reflected in their FR but only when it coincides with the scheduled activities; otherwise, this is not required. Average daily energy, protein, carbohydrates, and fats intake will be reported.

  The expected period of the collection per participant is 3 days.

Study Arms (2)

Athletes

Strength and Endurance Athletes

Non-athletes

Community-dwelling participants

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 69 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

The participants will include both athletes and non-athletes, comprising early and mid-adults aged 20-40 and older adults aged 60-69. The athletes will consist of endurance athletes (those engaged in sports like running, swimming, and cycling, among others) and strength athletes (those engaged in weightlifting).

You may qualify if:

• Male or female athletes aged 20-40 (early and mid-adults) and 60-69 (older adults)
• Natural-born Filipinos with maternal and paternal Filipino heritage
• Current and former national and professional athletes, actively participating in endurance or strength sports events or recreational sports events
• Current off-season athletes undergoing training or former professional athletes who played \<3 years ago
• With ≥3 years of formal, structured athletic training
• Apparently healthy (no cardiovascular conditions, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, neurological conditions and metabolic disorders)
• Ambulatory and can perform physical activity exercises such as treadmill walking/running and stationary bike
• Cleared by a physician to participate in exercise testing; for older adults, clearance must be based on electrocardiogram (ECG) results.
• Age (+3 years) and sex-matched community-dwelling participants
• Natural-born Filipinos with maternal and paternal Filipino heritage
• Not involved in structured or competitive exercise training
• Apparently healthy (no cardiovascular conditions, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, neurological conditions and metabolic disorders)
• Ambulatory and can perform physical activity exercises such as treadmill walking/running and stationary bike
• Cleared by a physician to participate in exercise testing; for older adults, clearance must be based on electrocardiogram (ECG) results.

You may not qualify if:

• Unable to comprehend and answer the questions
• Presence of metal implants and/or pacemaker
• Has limited mobility and a history of orthopedic surgery (that may limit their mobility)
• With medically diagnosed severe diseases that could affect body composition or metabolism (i.e., cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, renal diseases, thyroid disorders)
• Experienced minor or major injury in the past 3 months that will inhibit the performance
• Taking prohibited sports substances banned by the World Anti-Doping Program that may influence the performance of exercise
• Taking medications that can affect metabolism (e.g., mood stabilizers, GLP-1 receptor agonists etc.)
• Current smoker or Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS; vape, e-cigarette) smoker

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines: lead
• Philippine Council for Health Research & Development: collaborator

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Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITHOUT DNA

Whole Blood and saliva samples

Study Officials

• Ma. Lourdes T. Cumagun

  Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI)

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Ma. Lourdes T. Cumagun

CONTACT

8837-8113 to 14; maloucumagun@yahoo.com

Robby Carlo A. Tan, Msc

CONTACT

8837-8113 to 14; robbycarlo.tan@wur.nl

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Target Duration: 3 Days
• Sponsor Type: OTHER GOV
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator and Science Research Specialist

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 15, 2026
• First Posted: April 23, 2026
• Study Start: May 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): October 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): January 31, 2027
• Last Updated: April 23, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
• Time Frame: Beginning 3 months and ending 3 years after the publication of results