Effect of a Low-Calorie MCT-Rich Traditional Minangkabau Diet on Obese Individuals

NCT07423884 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: PMDSU2026
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to investigate the effect of a low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) based on traditional Minangkabau foods on metabolic biomarkers in individuals with obesity. The traditional Minangkabau foods used in this study consist primarily of coconut milk-based dishes, which contain coconut oil as a natural source of MCTs. The metabolic biomarkers assessed include body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body fat percentage, fasting blood glucose levels, lipid profile, leptin concentrations, and DNA methylation of the leptin gene promoter. Based on these metabolic biomarker measurements, participants will be classified into metabolic obesity phenotypes, namely metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO). The researchers hypothesize that the provision of a low-calorie, MCT-rich diet based on traditional Minangkabau foods will have a significant effect on metabolic biomarkers and metabolic status in individuals with obesity.

Conditions

Metabolically Unhealty Obese; Dyslipidemia; Diabetes (DM); Resistance, Insulin; Obesity

Keywords

Low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides; Traditional Minangkabau foods; Coconut oil; Metabolic biomarkers; Anthropometric parameters

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (8)

• Change from baseline in body mass index (BMI).

  BMI is calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters (kg/m²).

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in waist circumference.

  Waist circumference is measured around the abdomen at the level of the umbilicus.

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in body fat percentage

  Body fat percentage is assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in systolic and diastolic blood pressure

  Blood pressure is measured using a digital tensimeter.

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in fasting blood glucose levels.

  Fasting blood glucose levels are measured using a clinical chemistry analyzer.

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in lipid profile.

  The lipid profile includes total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Measurements are performed using a clinical chemistry analyzer (photometer).

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in serum leptin.

  Serum leptin concentrations are measured using appropriate laboratory methods (ELISA).

  After 12 weeks

• Change from baseline in DNA methylation of the leptin gene promoter.

  DNA methylation status of the leptin gene promoter is assessed using MSP (Methylation-Specific PCR).

  After 12 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Change in metabolic status.

  After 12 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Intervention group (low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides [MCTs] based on traditiona

EXPERIMENTAL

Low-Calorie Diet Rich in Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) Based on Traditional Minangkabau Foods Participants in the intervention group received a nutritionally balanced low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) derived from traditional Minangkabau foods. The dietary intervention was designed to provide an energy deficit of 500-600 kcal compared with participants' habitual daily intake. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention period.

Other: Low-Calorie Diet Rich in Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) Based on Traditional Minangkabau Foods

Control group (standard nutritionally balanced diet)

NO INTERVENTION

Standard Nutritionally Balanced Diet Participants in the control group received a standard nutritionally balanced diet without specific emphasis on MCT content. This diet was not designed to induce an energy deficit and was instead tailored to participants' usual daily dietary habits and energy requirements. Assessments were conducted before and after the study period.

Interventions

Low-Calorie Diet Rich in Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) Based on Traditional Minangkabau Foods OTHER

Participants in the intervention group received a nutritionally balanced low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) derived from traditional Minangkabau foods. The dietary intervention was designed to provide an energy deficit of 500-600 kcal compared with participants' habitual daily intake. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention period.

Intervention group (low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides [MCTs] based on traditiona

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Administrative staff of the Faculty of Medicine and the Faculty of Public Health, Andalas University, Padang, with obesity defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m².
• Willing to participate in the study by providing written informed consent.
• Participants with obesity classified as Metabolically Unhealthy Obese (MUHO)

You may not qualify if:

• Did not come and could not be found at the time of research data collection
• Unable to follow the dietary arrangements as set
• Taking anti-diabetic or anti-lipid drugs
• Use of contraceptives or hormonal drugs
• In the treatment of radiotherapy or chemotherapyi
• Participants with obesity classified as Metabolically Healthy Obese (MHO)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Andalas University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Prof. Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto

Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Location

Related Publications (2)

• Lipoeto, N.I., Elliyanti, A. and Febri, D.S. (2025) 'The Effect of A Low-Calorie Balanced Nutrition Diet Based on Minang Cuisine in Obese Patients', 10(February), pp. 26-34.

  BACKGROUND

• Lipoeto, N.I., Agus, Z., Oenzil, F., Wahlqvist, M.L. and Wattanapenpaiboon, N. (2004) 'Dietary intake and the risk of coronary heart disease among the coconut-consuming Minangkabau in West Sumatra, Indonesia', Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 13(4), pp. 377-384.

  BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dyslipidemias; Diabetes Mellitus; Insulin Resistance; Obesity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Endocrine System Diseases; Hyperinsulinism; Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto, Professor

  Universitas Andalas

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto, Professor

CONTACT

+6281275950763; indralipoeto@med.unand.ac.id

Nola Vita Sari

CONTACT

+62823 8911-0304; 2430312022_nola@student.unand.ac.id

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Bachelor of Nutrition

Model Details: Pre-post clinical trial * Intervention group (low-calorie diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides \[MCTs\] based on traditional Minangkabau foods) * Control group (standard nutritionally balanced diet)

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 14, 2026
• First Posted: February 20, 2026
• Study Start: April 1, 2026
• Primary Completion: May 1, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): July 1, 2026
• Last Updated: April 13, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ID (1)