Evaluating the Efficacy of the Sliding Mechanisms on Round-section Arch Wire

NCT07243509 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: UDDS-2025-Ortho-10
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 38
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Patients at the Orthodontic Department of the University of Damascus Dental School will be examined, and subjects who meet the inclusion criteria will be included. Then, initial diagnostic records (diagnostic gypsum models, internal and external oral photographs, and radiographic images) will be studied to ensure that the selection criteria are accurately matched. This study aims to compare two groups of patients with mild to moderate skeletal Class II malocclusion (ANB angle between 5° and 7°), a normal to slightly increased vertical growth pattern (Björk's sum \> 390° and \< 406°), and an overjet of 5-10 mm. Experimental group: the patients in this group will be treated in the canine retraction phase with a sliding on a round-section archwire of 0.020 inch Control group: the patients in this group. Maxillary canine distalization was carried out using sliding mechanics on a 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless steel archwire.

Conditions

CLASS II DIVISION 1 MALOCCLUSION

Keywords

Canine retraction; acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement; Bidimensioanl archwire; Sliding mechanics

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in the Rate of Maxillary Canine Retraction

  Canine displacement is measured by projecting the canine apex and the medial end of the third palatal ruga onto the mid-palatal plane; the linear distance between these points is recorded at each time point. Monthly retraction rates are calculated by dividing the change in displacement by the corresponding interval in months. For each subject, mean monthly rates for right and left canines are determined, and the cohort retraction rate is expressed as the average across all patients.

  T0: 10 minutes before starting canine retraction stage; T1: 30 days following the onset of canine retraction; T2: 60 days; T3: 90 days following canine retraction onset; TF: At completion of canine retraction (expected to occur within 3-5 months)

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Change in Canine Rotation

  T0: 10 minutes before starting canine retraction stage; T1: 30 days following the onset of canine retraction; T2: 60 days; T3: 90 days following canine retraction onset; TF: At completion of canine retraction (expected to occur within 3-5 months)

• Change in Anchorage Loss

  T0: 10 minutes before starting canine retraction stage; T1: 30 days following the onset of canine retraction; T2: 60 days; T3: 90 days following canine retraction onset; TF: At completion of canine retraction (expected to occur within 3-5 months)

• Change in Canine Angulation

  T0: 10 minutes before starting canine retraction stage; T1: 30 days following the onset of canine retraction; T2: 60 days; T3: 90 days following canine retraction onset; TF: At completion of canine retraction (expected to occur within 3-5 months)

• Root Resorption of the Canine

  T0: T0: 10 minutes before starting canine retraction stage; TF: At completion of canine retraction (expected to happen within 3 - 5 months)

Study Arms (2)

Canine retraction on a round cross-section archwire

EXPERIMENTAL

The patients in this group will be treated by sliding on a round cross-section archwire of 0.020-inch diameter.

Procedure: Round-cross-section archwire

Traditional canine retraction on a rectangular-cross-section archwire

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The patients in this group will be treated using a sliding rectangular arch wire with a diameter of 0.019 × 0.025 inches.

Procedure: Rectangular-cross-section archwire

Interventions

Round-cross-section archwire PROCEDURE

Canines will be retracted on an archwire with a diameter of 0.20 inches.

Canine retraction on a round cross-section archwire

Rectangular-cross-section archwire PROCEDURE

Canines will be retracted on an archwire with a diameter of 0.019 x 0.025-inch.

Traditional canine retraction on a rectangular-cross-section archwire

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 25 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Adult patients aged 18-25 years
• Mild to moderate skeletal Class II malocclusion (ANB angle between 5° and 7°),
• A normal to slightly increased vertical growth pattern (Björk's sum \> 390° and \< 406°),
• An overjet of 5-10 mm.
• A further prerequisite was a camouflage treatment plan involving the extraction of the maxillary first premolars.

You may not qualify if:

• the presence of no systemic health issues or any systemic condition known to influence the rate of orthodontic tooth movement,
• active periodontal disease,
• absence of any permanent teeth in the upper arch (excluding third molars),
• crowding of 4 mm or greater,
• inadequate oral hygiene.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Damascus University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry

Damascus, Rif-dimashq Governorate, DM20AM19, Syria

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Mavreas D, Athanasiou AE. Factors affecting the duration of orthodontic treatment: a systematic review. Eur J Orthod. 2008 Aug;30(4):386-95. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjn018.

  PMID: 18678758 BACKGROUND

• Al-Ibrahim HM, Hajeer MY, Burhan AS, Sultan K, Ajaj MA, Mahaini L. The Efficacy of Accelerating Orthodontic Tooth Movement by Combining Self-Ligating Brackets With One or More Acceleration Methods: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2022 Dec 23;14(12):e32879. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32879. eCollection 2022 Dec.

  PMID: 36578856 BACKGROUND

• Kusy RP, Whitley JQ. Influence of archwire and bracket dimensions on sliding mechanics: derivations and determinations of the critical contact angles for binding. Eur J Orthod. 1999 Apr;21(2):199-208. doi: 10.1093/ejo/21.2.199.

  PMID: 10327744 BACKGROUND

• Southard TE, Marshall SD, Grosland NM. Friction does not increase anchorage loading. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Mar;131(3):412-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.09.037.

  PMID: 17346599 BACKGROUND

• Tidy DC. Frictional forces in fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989 Sep;96(3):249-54. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(89)90462-9.

  PMID: 2773871 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Malocclusion, Angle Class II

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Malocclusion; Tooth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases

Study Officials

• Mohammad N. Kheshfeh, DDS, MSc

  Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Mohammad Younis Hajeer, DDS, MSc, PhD

  Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus

  STUDY CHAIR

• Ahamd S. Burhan, DDS, MSc, PhD

  Department of Orthodontics, Unviersity of Damascus

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 14, 2025
• First Posted: November 24, 2025
• Study Start: July 7, 2023
• Primary Completion: April 1, 2024
• Study Completion: July 15, 2024
• Last Updated: November 24, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

SY (1)