Mental Imagery on Upper Extremity Skills

NCT07193303 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: mental imagination
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized pathologically by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and clinically by the presence of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, and/or rigidity. Among the motor deficits frequently observed in PD, patients are known to frequently report difficulties with manual dexterity. Many upper extremity and manual dexterity deficits are present in PD. Motor imagery (MI) is the imaginal execution of motor activities or the activation of specific muscles in the absence of any explicit feedback. This area of rehabilitation has been shown to be effective in improving and developing motor skills in many neurological conditions where patients exhibit motor recognition and execution impairments. MI can be applied at all stages of recovery from PD, is highly effective in movement-related pathologies, and can be performed independently.There is sufficient evidence that MI improves motor performance and learning in individuals with neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal cord injury. The study was designed to investigate the immediate effects of mental imagery, which is thought to be effective in controlling difficulties in planning and initiating movements in PD, on upper extremity skills. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of mental imagery on upper extremity skills in PD.

Conditions

PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder); Mental Imagery; Motor Imagery

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• The Nine-Hole Peg Test (9PPT) with Mental Chronometry

  Mental Chronometry: Mental chronometry is a method that measures imagery time, considered more objective than questionnaires in the assessment of MI. It examines the time difference between the actual physical execution of a movement and the mental image of the same movement. The Nine-Hole Peg Test (9PPT) is frequently used in the literature, although its validity and reliability as a mental chronometry test are lacking. In this task, the participant is required to remove nine pegs from the board to which they are fixed as quickly as possible and place them in a container on the board. The pegs used in the test (8 mm in diameter, 3 cm long) can be made of wood or plastic. The board (23 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 2 cm high) has a section at one end where the pegs are fixed (arranged in a 3x3 matrix) and a container-shaped space on the side for the pegs to be placed. Participants perform the test on both upper extremities. Before the test, all participants are given the opportunity to ho

  first day of the assesment

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• sosyodemographic form

  first day of the assesment

• Modified Hoehn & Yahr (m-HY) scale

  first day of the assesment

• Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

  first day of the asessment

• Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)

  first day of the assessment

• Muscle Strength Measurement

  first day of the assesment

Study Arms (2)

1/study group

EXPERIMENTAL

Upper extremity skill tests will be performed on individuals diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and recorded with a mental stopwatch using mental imagery.

Other: mental imagination

2/control group

NO INTERVENTION

Upper extremity skill tests will be performed on individuals diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Interventions

mental imagination OTHER

The Nine-Hole Peg Test (9 DPT) will be performed with a mental chronometer.the duration between actually physically performing the movement and mentally imagining the same movement will be recorded.

1/study group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 40 Years - 75 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Healthy individuals aged 40-75 years, diagnosed with idiopathic PD according to the UK Parkinson's Disease Association Brain Bank criteria by a specialist neurologist, with a Modified Hoehn \& Yahr (m-HY) scale stage ≤4, and with a Mini Mental State Examination score of ≥24 for those with training and ≥18 for those without training, and with no known disease, volunteered to participate in the study.
• PD individuals with no other known neurological and/or systemic disease
• PD individuals without any upper extremity contractures

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals with diagnosed and/or treated psychiatric illnesses who are considered unable to complete the tests.
• Individuals who is taking neuroleptic medications or antidepressants.
• Individuals with orthopedic conditions that interfere with manual dexterity tests, such as severe dyskinesia, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendon injuries, or finger amputations; rheumatological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; and individuals with any neurological condition other than PD.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü imam University

Kahramanmaraş, Onikişubat, 46100, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Parkinson Disease

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Movement Disorders; Synucleinopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases

Study Officials

• hatice adıgüzel tat, Associate Professor

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Asiya Uzun, Asisstant Prof

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Yusuf Şinasi Kırmacı, Asisstant Prof

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Abdulkadir Ertürk, Msc

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Tuğçe Simay Özbay, Msc

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Buket Tuğan Yıldız, Associate Professor

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Deniz Tuncel, Proffessor

  Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

  STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Hatice adıgüzel tat, Associate Proffessor

CONTACT

+903443002647; fzthatis@gmail.com

hatice Adiguzel tat, Associate Proffessor

CONTACT

+903443002647; fzthatis@gmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Profesor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 12, 2025
• First Posted: September 25, 2025
• Study Start: July 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2025
• Study Completion: January 30, 2026
• Last Updated: December 19, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-12

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)