NCT07111845

Brief Summary

The goal of this observational study is to understand how satisfied patients are after getting medical advice about urinary stone disease from either a real doctor or an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot. We want to learn whether people feel more satisfied with the information and support they get from human doctors or from AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, or Copilot. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Are patients more satisfied after consulting a real doctor or an AI chatbot?
  • Does the time spent in the consultation affect satisfaction? Researchers will compare doctor consultations with consultations from different AI chatbots to see if there are differences in patient satisfaction. Participants will:
  • Ask all their medical questions about urinary stones to one of the sources (a doctor or a specific AI chatbot)
  • Fill out a short questionnaire (CSQ-8) to rate how satisfied they felt with the answers they received

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
100

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 2025

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 1, 2025

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 20, 2025

Completed
10 days until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 30, 2025

Completed
2 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 25, 2025

Completed
14 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 8, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

August 8, 2025

Status Verified

August 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

5 months

First QC Date

July 25, 2025

Last Update Submit

August 1, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

AI in healthcarechatbot consultationspatient experienceurinary stone diseasedigital medicine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Patient Satisfaction Score

    Patient satisfaction will be measured using the validated Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8), which consists of 8 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale. The total score ranges from 8 to 32, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction.

    Within 1 hour after the consultation

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Consultation Duration

    During consultation

Study Arms (5)

Doctors Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants consult a real urologist.

Behavioral: Medical Consultation

ChatGPT Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants ask all questions to ChatGPT.

Behavioral: Medical Consultation

Gemini Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants ask all questions to Gemini.

Behavioral: Medical Consultation

Perplexity Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants ask all questions to Perplexity.

Behavioral: Medical Consultation

Copilot Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants ask all questions to Microsoft Copilot.

Behavioral: Medical Consultation

Interventions

Participants will be randomly assigned to receive medical consultation about urinary stone disease from one of five sources: a real urologist (in-person) or one of four AI chatbots (ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, or Microsoft Copilot). Each participant will be instructed to ask all their questions related to urinary stone disease and continue the consultation until they feel adequately informed. The consultation format (human vs. AI) will depend on group assignment. After the session, participants will complete a validated satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ-8) to assess their experience.

ChatGPT GroupCopilot GroupDoctors GroupGemini GroupPerplexity Group

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Newly diagnosed with urinary stone disease,
  • Aged 18 years or older,
  • Provided written informed consent to participate in the study.

You may not qualify if:

  • History of previous urinary stone disease, stone-related procedures,
  • Presence of other acute medical conditions unrelated to urinary stone disease,
  • Cognitive or communication impairments,
  • Pregnancy.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

İzzet Baysal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi

Bolu, 14030, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (3)

  • Whiles BB, Bird VG, Canales BK, DiBianco JM, Terry RS. Caution! AI Bot Has Entered the Patient Chat: ChatGPT Has Limitations in Providing Accurate Urologic Healthcare Advice. Urology. 2023 Oct;180:278-284. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.07.010. Epub 2023 Jul 17.

  • Hanci V, Ergun B, Gul S, Uzun O, Erdemir I, Hanci FB. Assessment of readability, reliability, and quality of ChatGPT(R), BARD(R), Gemini(R), Copilot(R), Perplexity(R) responses on palliative care. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Aug 16;103(33):e39305. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000039305.

  • Simon BD, Gelikman DG, Turkbey B. Evaluating the efficacy of artificial intelligence chatbots in urological health: insights for urologists on patient interactions with large language models. Transl Androl Urol. 2024 May 31;13(5):879-883. doi: 10.21037/tau-23-635. Epub 2024 May 7. No abstract available.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Patient Satisfaction

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Treatment Adherence and ComplianceHealth BehaviorBehavior

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 25, 2025

First Posted

August 8, 2025

Study Start

January 1, 2025

Primary Completion

May 20, 2025

Study Completion

May 30, 2025

Last Updated

August 8, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-08

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

The data generated and analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to ethical and privacy concerns but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Locations