Dementia and Kidney Disease: Epidemiological Approaches to Risk Factors and Treatment Strategies

NCT07093684 | Active Not Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: VR Starting grant #2022-01428
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 200,000
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Kidney disease and dementia are both common in older adults, posing a significant burden on individuals and society. Growing evidence suggests that there may be links between the kidney and the brain. However, few studies have explored how these two conditions are connected in the general population. Understanding this link could help improve care for people living with either or both conditions. This observational project aims to explore the two-way relationship between kidney disease and dementia. The main questions the investigators want to answer are:

1. 1.Does kidney disease increase the risk or worsen the progression of dementia?
2. 2.Does having dementia increase the risk or worsen the progression of kidney disease (both chronic and acute)?
3. 3.Do reno-protective drugs help protect cognitive decline?
4. 4.Do anti-dementia drugs help preserve kidney function?
5. 5.The Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem)
6. 6.The Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project
7. 7.The Swedish Renal Registry (SRR)
8. 8.The GeroCovid Cohort
9. 9.The Registry of Dementia of Girona (ReDeGi)
10. 10.Cognitive impairment cohort from memory clinic, Karolinska University Hospital

Conditions

Chronic Kidney Disease; Acute Kidney Injuries; Real World Study; Dementia; Cholinergic System; Cognitive Decline; Alzheimer Dementia (AD); Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Mini Mental Status Examination

  The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a standardized test used to screen for cognitive impairment and dementia. It assesses five domains of cognitive function including: orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language. The score range from 0 to 30. A score of 23 or lower is indicative of cognitive impairment. The MMSE takes only 5-10 minutes to test. MMSE is used at both baseline and follow-up visits.

  MMSE will be assessed at baseline (dementia diagnosis) and at each follow-up visit every 12 months, up to 15 years or until death, whichever occurs first. Data will be reported at each time point and at study completion.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• All-cause mortality

  Will be assessed continuously from baseline up to 15 years until the end of follow-up.

• Incidence of advanced dementia

  Will be assessed annually from baseline (dementia) up to 15 years or until death, whichever occurs first.

Study Arms (2)

Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem) Cohort

SveDem was established in 2007 with the purpose of increasing the quality of dementia care in Sweden. SveDem aims to register all dementia patients in Sweden at the time of dementia diagnosis and includes annual follow-ups. The registry stores data on demographics, living conditions, cognitive evaluation by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), type of dementia, community support and pharmacological management.

Other: Kidney disease

The SCREAM project

SCREAM is a healthcare utilization cohort of all Stockholm residents that accessed SLL healthcare and had a measurement of serum creatinine in either in- or outpatient care. The database includes 2 million individuals (and \>60 million laboratory tests). The kidney function and other laboratory tests are already collected.

Interventions

Kidney disease OTHER

This is a registry-based observational study investigating the association between kidney disease and dementia-related outcomes. Kidney disease is not assigned or manipulated by the researchers but is classified as an exposure based on diagnostic codes (e.g., ICD codes), and related laboratory test recorded in health registers.

Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem) Cohort

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

This project uses the Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem), merged with the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project, to access healthcare data and obtain measurements of serum creatinine from both inpatient and outpatient care. It also uses the Swedish National Patient Registry (NPR) to include diagnoses made in specialist clinics and hospitals, the Prescribed Drug Registry (which includes all prescribed medications), and the Total Population Register and Causes of Death Registry (CDR) to obtain dates of death.

You may qualify if:

• Population with dementia (all type) and kidney function measurements/Chronic kidney diagnosis

You may not qualify if:

• Population lack of important baseline and follow-up information such as year of birth and sex.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Karolinska Institutet: lead

Study Sites (1)

Karolinska Institutet

Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden

Location

Related Publications (7)

• Greenwald R. The handling of corneal donor tissue before penetrating keratoplasty. Todays OR Nurse. 1994 Sep-Oct;16(5):33-5.

  PMID: 7974647 BACKGROUND

• Tsai HH, Yen RF, Lin CL, Kao CH. Increased risk of dementia in patients hospitalized with acute kidney injury: A nationwide population-based cohort study. PLoS One. 2017 Feb 13;12(2):e0171671. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171671. eCollection 2017.

  PMID: 28192452 BACKGROUND

• Xu H, Garcia-Ptacek S, Jonsson L, Wimo A, Nordstrom P, Eriksdotter M. Long-term Effects of Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Cognitive Decline and Mortality. Neurology. 2021 Apr 27;96(17):e2220-e2230. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011832. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

  PMID: 33741639 BACKGROUND

• Saeed RW, Varma S, Peng-Nemeroff T, Sherry B, Balakhaneh D, Huston J, Tracey KJ, Al-Abed Y, Metz CN. Cholinergic stimulation blocks endothelial cell activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. J Exp Med. 2005 Apr 4;201(7):1113-23. doi: 10.1084/jem.20040463.

  PMID: 15809354 BACKGROUND

• Gansevoort RT, Correa-Rotter R, Hemmelgarn BR, Jafar TH, Heerspink HJ, Mann JF, Matsushita K, Wen CP. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention. Lancet. 2013 Jul 27;382(9889):339-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60595-4. Epub 2013 May 31.

  PMID: 23727170 BACKGROUND

• Eckardt KU, Coresh J, Devuyst O, Johnson RJ, Kottgen A, Levey AS, Levin A. Evolving importance of kidney disease: from subspecialty to global health burden. Lancet. 2013 Jul 13;382(9887):158-69. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60439-0. Epub 2013 May 31.

  PMID: 23727165 BACKGROUND

• Wang J, Gu BJ, Masters CL, Wang YJ. A systemic view of Alzheimer disease - insights from amyloid-beta metabolism beyond the brain. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017 Sep 29;13(10):612-623. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2017.111.

  PMID: 28960209 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Acute Kidney Injury; Dementia; Cognitive Dysfunction; Alzheimer Disease

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Renal Insufficiency; Kidney Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Chronic Disease; Disease Attributes; Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurocognitive Disorders; Mental Disorders; Cognition Disorders; Tauopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases

Study Officials

• Hong Xu

  Karolinska Institutet

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Target Duration: 15 Years
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 7, 2025
• First Posted: July 30, 2025
• Study Start: January 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026
• Last Updated: August 3, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

SE (1)