PBM Effects on Health and Well-being in Humans

NCT05619133 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: PBM2022
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 80
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical study is to assess the effects of different photobiomodulation (PBM) conditions in men and women between 25 and 65 years old with daytime sleepiness/drowsiness and /or mild mood complaints but be otherwise healthy. The main question it aims to answer are:

1. 1.Does PBM significantly affect health and well-being?
2. 2.Are PBM effects wavelength dependent?
3. 3.Are PBM effects pulse dependent?
4. 4.Are the eyes needed to assert an PBM effect or is exposure only to the skin sufficient?
5. 5.What are the cellular, metabolic pathways underlying the systemic effects of PBM.
6. 6.Exposed themselves 5 times per week during 2 weeks to the PBM stimuli between 9:30 and 12:30.
7. 7.A week before the baseline measurement, participants will have to start wearing a Fitbit Versa 3, and will have to continuously wear until the end of the study.
8. 8.In the afternoon of the baseline day as well as in the afternoons after 5 and 10 PBM sessions (week 1 and week 2, respectively), participants will have to go to the lab for blood withdraw.
9. 9.In the evening of the baseline day as well as in the evenings after 5 and 10 PBM sessions (week 1 and week 2, respectively), participants will have to collect saliva samples as well as to complete questionnaires.

Conditions

Sleep Deprivation; Circadian Rhythm Disorders

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (18)

• Change from baseline in subjective mood after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Mood VAS scale, 0-10, higher score means better

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in subjective drowsiness after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Epworth Sleepiness Scale, 0-24, higher score means worse

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in depressions scale after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition, 0-63, higher score means worse

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in general activation after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Activation-Deactivation check list, 5-20, higher score means better

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in deactivation after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Activation-Deactivation check list, 11-14, higher score means worse

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in high activation after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Activation-Deactivation check list, 5-20, higher score means worse

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in general deactivation after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Activation-Deactivation check list, 5-20, higher score means worse

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in subjective sleep quality scores after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Pittsburgh Sleep quality scale, 0-21, higher score means worse

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in resting heart rate after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Fitbit Versa 3

  Through study completion

• Change from baseline in objective sleep quality scores after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Fitbit Versa 3

  Through study completion

• Change from baseline in IFN- gamma concentrations after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Blood

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in TNF-alpha concentrations after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Blood

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in TGF-beta1concentrations after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Blood

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in il-1 concentrations after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Blood

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in il-6 concentrations after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Blood

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Shift from baseline in dim light melatonin onset after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Saliva

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in cortisol levels at bedtime after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Saliva

  Baseline, after 2 weeks, after 4 weeks

• Change from baseline in targeted metabolomics concentration after 5 and after 10 PBM sessions

  Blood

  Baseline, after 4 weeks

Study Arms (5)

placebo

NO INTERVENTION

No PBM will be emitted from the device; dose: 0 J.cm-2

PBM High standard

EXPERIMENTAL

A PBM high standard dose of 6.5 J.cm-2 with a wavelength of 850 nm, a pulse of 15 Hz and 8 ms and duty factor of 12%

Device: PBM

PBM High wavelength

EXPERIMENTAL

A PBM high dose of 6.5 J.cm-2 with a wavelength of 940 nm, a pulse of 15 Hz and 8 ms and duty factor of 12%

Device: PBM

PBM High pulse

EXPERIMENTAL

A PBM high dose of 6.5 J.cm-2 with a wavelength of 850 nm, a pulse of 100 Hz and 1.2 ms and duty factor of 12%

Device: PBM

PBM High skin only

EXPERIMENTAL

A PBM high standard dose of 6.5 J.cm-2 with a wavelength of 850 nm, a pulse of 15 Hz and 8 ms and duty factor of 12%, but in this case the participants will wear filtering googles which will not allow PBM from entering the eyes

Device: PBM

Interventions

PBM DEVICE

In this study, the health benefits of the addition of NIR to the light spectrum of a desk lamp already available in the market will be investigate; Ikea Ypeperlig, to which a module with high power Lumileds NIR-Leds will be attached with beam angle of 90 degrees. They will be attached in such a way that, when the lamp is installed in the right place, a 1sr beam that covers the users face, neck and hands and lower arms on the desk with the required intensity of 5mW/cm2 of NIR at the skin surface. The device will be equipped with 3 sensors: 1. A distance sensor connected to the driver of the NIR-leds, such that when the user leans forward or backward, the intensity of the NIR is automatically adjusted such that the intensity on the skin remains 5mW/cm2 (see figure below). 2. a presence sensor 3. ambient vertical lux sensor by which amount of light that enters the users' eye will be measured since it is known that these have an effect sleep, mood and performance.

PBM High pulse; PBM High skin only; PBM High standard; PBM High wavelength

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 25 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Healthy, no chronic disease
• Age between 25 - 65 years.
• Suffer from daytime sleepiness/drowsiness and or a mild mood disturbance (ESS \>5 or BDI equal to or higher than 13 but lower than 20, PSQI \> 5)
• Participants will have to have a desk type of work and/or have 3 hours per day between 9:30 am and 12:30 at their office/home in which they could sit in front of the lamp.

You may not qualify if:

• Depressive mood (BDI -II \> 20)
• Pregnancy
• Menopause symptoms
• Drug use during the last three months known to interfere with sleep, alertness, the biological clock and/or light sensitivity (i.e. regular usage of sleep medication or stimulating substances)
• Use of immune suppressants. High levels of caffeine intake during a day (5 or more cups, according to https://www.voedingscentrum.nl/encyclopedie/cafeine.aspx#blok7, there are no negative effects expected from 4 caffeine products in normal adults)
• High alcohol intake (more than 4 for men and more than 3 for women, drinks per day) for more than 5 days in the past month, including binge drinking and heavy drinking according to https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and- fact-sheets/alcohol-facts-and-statistics.
• Participant is not able to refrain from using recreational drugs during the 4 weeks of the study.
• Shift work schedule in the 3 months prior to participation and/or planned during the 2 weeks of the study
• Environmental factors in everyday life that may disturb sleep and cannot be prohibited (e.g. young children, noisy environment)
• Travel over 2 or more time zones in the month prior to participation
• Travel to sunny holiday locations/wintersports 1 month before participation
• Personal plans that prevent them for using the intervention during 2 consecutive weeks

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Seaborough Life Science B.V.: lead
• Chrono@Work B.V.: collaborator
• University of Groningen: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Chrono@Work

Groningen, 9743 AD, Netherlands

Location

Related Publications (4)

• Fulop AM, Dhimmer S, Deluca JR, Johanson DD, Lenz RV, Patel KB, Douris PC, Enwemeka CS. A meta-analysis of the efficacy of laser phototherapy on pain relief. Clin J Pain. 2010 Oct;26(8):729-36. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181f09713.

  PMID: 20842007 RESULT

• Heiskanen V, Pfiffner M, Partonen T. Sunlight and health: shifting the focus from vitamin D3 to photobiomodulation by red and near-infrared light. Ageing Res Rev. 2020 Aug;61:101089. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101089. Epub 2020 May 25.

  PMID: 32464190 RESULT

• Liebert A, Bicknell B, Markman W, Kiat H. A Potential Role for Photobiomodulation Therapy in Disease Treatment and Prevention in the Era of COVID-19. Aging Dis. 2020 Dec 1;11(6):1352-1362. doi: 10.14336/AD.2020.0901. eCollection 2020 Dec.

  PMID: 33269093 RESULT

• Miranda-Silva W, Gomes-Silva W, Zadik Y, Yarom N, Al-Azri AR, Hong CHL, Ariyawardana A, Saunders DP, Correa ME, Arany PR, Bowen J, Cheng KKF, Tissing WJE, Bossi P, Elad S; Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer / International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines for the management of mucositis: sub-analysis of current interventions for the management of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2021 Jul;29(7):3539-3562. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05803-4. Epub 2020 Nov 6.

  PMID: 33156403 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Sleep Deprivation; Chronobiology Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Dyssomnias; Sleep Wake Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Marijke Gordijn, PhD

  Chrono@Work

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: INDUSTRY
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 1, 2022
• First Posted: November 16, 2022
• Study Start: January 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: April 1, 2024
• Study Completion: April 1, 2024
• Last Updated: April 30, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

NL (1)