The Effect of Creatine Monohydrate on Persistent Post-concussive Symptoms
1 other identifier
interventional
45
1 country
1
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study, is to investigate whether creatine monohydrate as a supplement reduces the number and severity of symptoms in patients with persistent post-concussive symptoms through self-reported post-concussion symptoms questionnaires.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable
Started Aug 2023
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
September 14, 2022
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
September 30, 2022
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
August 1, 2023
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
August 31, 2024
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
December 31, 2024
CompletedJuly 12, 2024
July 1, 2024
1.1 years
September 14, 2022
July 11, 2024
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Change from Baseline Post-Concussion Symptoms at 7 weeks
Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptom Questionnaire
Baseline, 3 weeks and 7 weeks (follow-up)
Secondary Outcomes (1)
Change from Baseline Body weight at 7 weeks
Baseline, 3 weeks and 7 weeks (follow-up)
Other Outcomes (3)
Height
Baseline
Training status
Baseline
Period with PPCS
Baseline
Study Arms (3)
Intervention group
EXPERIMENTALCreatine monohydrate administered once a day for seven weeks - with 5 g/day for the entire period.
Control group
NO INTERVENTIONThe control group will receive standard care. However, to our knowledge there is no common accepted description of a standard care in the literature. In general, these participants will be advised to keep themselves as asymptomatic as possible throughout the entire seven weeks, and besides that live as normal a life as they can.
Placebo
PLACEBO COMPARATORPowdered Sugar administered once a day for seven weeks - with 5g/day for the entire period.
Interventions
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Have had PPCS for a minimum of six months and a maximum of 18 months at the start of the study.
- Being between 20 and 45 years of age
You may not qualify if:
- Elite athletes, as well as people who in general is physical active, at an intensity of moderat to high, for more than ten hours a week on average.
- Participation in other interventions/treatment that could affect this study
- Have had PPCS in:
- =\<6 months
- =\>18 months
- Pregnant
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (1)
University of Southern Denmark
Odense, 5239, Denmark
Related Publications (35)
McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Dvorak J, Aubry M, Bailes J, Broglio S, Cantu RC, Cassidy D, Echemendia RJ, Castellani RJ, Davis GA, Ellenbogen R, Emery C, Engebretsen L, Feddermann-Demont N, Giza CC, Guskiewicz KM, Herring S, Iverson GL, Johnston KM, Kissick J, Kutcher J, Leddy JJ, Maddocks D, Makdissi M, Manley GT, McCrea M, Meehan WP, Nagahiro S, Patricios J, Putukian M, Schneider KJ, Sills A, Tator CH, Turner M, Vos PE. Consensus statement on concussion in sport-the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016. Br J Sports Med. 2017 Jun;51(11):838-847. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-097699. Epub 2017 Apr 26. No abstract available.
PMID: 28446457BACKGROUNDCassidy JD, Carroll LJ, Peloso PM, Borg J, von Holst H, Holm L, Kraus J, Coronado VG; WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: results of the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Rehabil Med. 2004 Feb;(43 Suppl):28-60. doi: 10.1080/16501960410023732.
PMID: 15083870BACKGROUNDLanger L, Levy C, Bayley M. Increasing Incidence of Concussion: True Epidemic or Better Recognition? J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2020 Jan/Feb;35(1):E60-E66. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000503.
PMID: 31246881BACKGROUNDMakdissi M, Schneider KJ, Feddermann-Demont N, Guskiewicz KM, Hinds S, Leddy JJ, McCrea M, Turner M, Johnston KM. Approach to investigation and treatment of persistent symptoms following sport-related concussion: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2017 Jun;51(12):958-968. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-097470. Epub 2017 May 8.
PMID: 28483928BACKGROUNDLevin HS, Diaz-Arrastia RR. Diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of mild traumatic brain injury. Lancet Neurol. 2015 May;14(5):506-17. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00002-2. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
PMID: 25801547BACKGROUNDFallesen P, Campos B. Effect of concussion on salary and employment: a population-based event time study using a quasi-experimental design. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 21;10(10):e038161. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038161.
PMID: 33087373BACKGROUNDKreider RB, Kalman DS, Antonio J, Ziegenfuss TN, Wildman R, Collins R, Candow DG, Kleiner SM, Almada AL, Lopez HL. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017 Jun 13;14:18. doi: 10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z. eCollection 2017.
PMID: 28615996BACKGROUNDRomeu-Mejia R, Giza CC, Goldman JT. Concussion Pathophysiology and Injury Biomechanics. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2019 Jun;12(2):105-116. doi: 10.1007/s12178-019-09536-8.
PMID: 30820754BACKGROUNDKreider RB, Stout JR. Creatine in Health and Disease. Nutrients. 2021 Jan 29;13(2):447. doi: 10.3390/nu13020447.
PMID: 33572884BACKGROUNDSmith RN, Agharkar AS, Gonzales EB. A review of creatine supplementation in age-related diseases: more than a supplement for athletes. F1000Res. 2014 Sep 15;3:222. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.5218.1. eCollection 2014.
PMID: 25664170BACKGROUNDLowe MT, Faull RL, Christie DL, Waldvogel HJ. Distribution of the creatine transporter throughout the human brain reveals a spectrum of creatine transporter immunoreactivity. J Comp Neurol. 2015 Apr 1;523(5):699-725. doi: 10.1002/cne.23667. Epub 2014 Sep 12.
PMID: 25159005BACKGROUNDWhyte MP, Chines A, Silva DP Jr, Landt Y, Ladenson JH. Creatine kinase brain isoenzyme (BB-CK) presence in serum distinguishes osteopetroses among the sclerosing bone disorders. J Bone Miner Res. 1996 Oct;11(10):1438-43. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.5650111010.
PMID: 8889843BACKGROUNDRoschel H, Gualano B, Ostojic SM, Rawson ES. Creatine Supplementation and Brain Health. Nutrients. 2021 Feb 10;13(2):586. doi: 10.3390/nu13020586.
PMID: 33578876BACKGROUNDHanna-El-Daher L, Braissant O. Creatine synthesis and exchanges between brain cells: What can be learned from human creatine deficiencies and various experimental models? Amino Acids. 2016 Aug;48(8):1877-95. doi: 10.1007/s00726-016-2189-0. Epub 2016 Feb 10.
PMID: 26861125BACKGROUNDSestili P, Martinelli C, Bravi G, Piccoli G, Curci R, Battistelli M, Falcieri E, Agostini D, Gioacchini AM, Stocchi V. Creatine supplementation affords cytoprotection in oxidatively injured cultured mammalian cells via direct antioxidant activity. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 Mar 1;40(5):837-49. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.10.035. Epub 2005 Nov 2.
PMID: 16520236BACKGROUNDO'Gorman E, Beutner G, Dolder M, Koretsky AP, Brdiczka D, Wallimann T. The role of creatine kinase in inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition. FEBS Lett. 1997 Sep 8;414(2):253-7. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)01045-4.
PMID: 9315696BACKGROUNDWatanabe A, Kato N, Kato T. Effects of creatine on mental fatigue and cerebral hemoglobin oxygenation. Neurosci Res. 2002 Apr;42(4):279-85. doi: 10.1016/s0168-0102(02)00007-x.
PMID: 11985880BACKGROUNDRae C, Digney AL, McEwan SR, Bates TC. Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Proc Biol Sci. 2003 Oct 22;270(1529):2147-50. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2003.2492.
PMID: 14561278BACKGROUNDAvgerinos KI, Spyrou N, Bougioukas KI, Kapogiannis D. Effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function of healthy individuals: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Exp Gerontol. 2018 Jul 15;108:166-173. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.013. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
PMID: 29704637BACKGROUNDBakian AV, Huber RS, Scholl L, Renshaw PF, Kondo D. Dietary creatine intake and depression risk among U.S. adults. Transl Psychiatry. 2020 Feb 3;10(1):52. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-0741-x.
PMID: 32066709BACKGROUNDBender A, Klopstock T. Creatine for neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disease: end of story? Amino Acids. 2016 Aug;48(8):1929-40. doi: 10.1007/s00726-015-2165-0. Epub 2016 Jan 9.
PMID: 26748651BACKGROUNDSowell ER, Thompson PM, Holmes CJ, Jernigan TL, Toga AW. In vivo evidence for post-adolescent brain maturation in frontal and striatal regions. Nat Neurosci. 1999 Oct;2(10):859-61. doi: 10.1038/13154. No abstract available.
PMID: 10491602BACKGROUNDJohnson SB, Blum RW, Giedd JN. Adolescent maturity and the brain: the promise and pitfalls of neuroscience research in adolescent health policy. J Adolesc Health. 2009 Sep;45(3):216-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.05.016.
PMID: 19699416BACKGROUNDWesterstahl M, Jansson E, Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Aasa U. Longitudinal changes in physical capacity from adolescence to middle age in men and women. Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 3;8(1):14767. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33141-3.
PMID: 30283061BACKGROUNDPeters R. Ageing and the brain. Postgrad Med J. 2006 Feb;82(964):84-8. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.2005.036665.
PMID: 16461469BACKGROUNDKing NS, Crawford S, Wenden FJ, Moss NE, Wade DT. The Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire: a measure of symptoms commonly experienced after head injury and its reliability. J Neurol. 1995 Sep;242(9):587-92. doi: 10.1007/BF00868811.
PMID: 8551320BACKGROUNDDechent P, Pouwels PJ, Wilken B, Hanefeld F, Frahm J. Increase of total creatine in human brain after oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate. Am J Physiol. 1999 Sep;277(3):R698-704. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.3.R698.
PMID: 10484486BACKGROUNDLyoo IK, Kong SW, Sung SM, Hirashima F, Parow A, Hennen J, Cohen BM, Renshaw PF. Multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of high-energy phosphate metabolites in human brain following oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate. Psychiatry Res. 2003 Jun 30;123(2):87-100. doi: 10.1016/s0925-4927(03)00046-5.
PMID: 12850248BACKGROUNDAntonio J, Candow DG, Forbes SC, Gualano B, Jagim AR, Kreider RB, Rawson ES, Smith-Ryan AE, VanDusseldorp TA, Willoughby DS, Ziegenfuss TN. Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show? J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021 Feb 8;18(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12970-021-00412-w.
PMID: 33557850BACKGROUNDLing J, Kritikos M, Tiplady B. Cognitive effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation. Behav Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;20(8):673-9. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3283323c2a.
PMID: 19773644BACKGROUNDHarmon KG, Clugston JR, Dec K, Hainline B, Herring S, Kane SF, Kontos AP, Leddy JJ, McCrea M, Poddar SK, Putukian M, Wilson JC, Roberts WO. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement on concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2019 Feb;53(4):213-225. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100338.
PMID: 30705232BACKGROUNDBelanger M, Allaman I, Magistretti PJ. Differential effects of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines alone or in combinations on the metabolic profile of astrocytes. J Neurochem. 2011 Feb;116(4):564-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07135.x. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
PMID: 21143598BACKGROUNDBalalla S, Krageloh C, Medvedev O, Siegert R. Is the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire a Reliable and Valid Measure to Assess Long-Term Symptoms in Traumatic Brain Injury and Orthopedic Injury Patients? A Novel Investigation Using Rasch Analysis. Neurotrauma Rep. 2020 Aug 11;1(1):63-72. doi: 10.1089/neur.2020.0017. eCollection 2020.
PMID: 34223531BACKGROUNDEyres S, Carey A, Gilworth G, Neumann V, Tennant A. Construct validity and reliability of the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. Clin Rehabil. 2005 Dec;19(8):878-87. doi: 10.1191/0269215505cr905oa.
PMID: 16323387BACKGROUNDBodker RL, Marcussen M. Pilot study protocol of a randomized controlled trial for the potential effects of creatine monohydrate on persistent post-concussive symptoms. Front Neurol. 2023 Jul 5;14:1209548. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1209548. eCollection 2023.
PMID: 37475743DERIVED
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Michael Marcussen, Dr.
University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Denmark
Central Study Contacts
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- SINGLE
- Who Masked
- PARTICIPANT
- Purpose
- TREATMENT
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Dr.
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
September 14, 2022
First Posted
September 30, 2022
Study Start
August 1, 2023
Primary Completion
August 31, 2024
Study Completion
December 31, 2024
Last Updated
July 12, 2024
Record last verified: 2024-07