NCT05158374

Brief Summary

Bowel cancer, a significant problem in the United Kingdom (UK) with \~ 41,000 diagnoses and \~ 16,000 deaths annually, has a large preventable component (\~54%). It is, in part, due to energy imbalance within bowel cells as suggested by associated risk factors: high-fat diet, obesity, physical inactivity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs that decrease bowel cancer risk, like aspirin and metformin, may prevent the disease by mimicking the molecular effects of dietary restriction and exercise. Energy imbalance, through obesity, expands stem cells which may increase bowel cancer. We have shown that aspirin activates an energy molecule, which increases when we exercise, and blocks signalling associated with obesity in bowel cancer. Indeed aspirin in combination with metformin (commonly used in diabetes) has a greater effect on this pathway than either drug alone. To predict which patients may benefit from aspirin and metformin, we need to discover if these drugs may mimic healthy lifestyle changes at a cellular level and which cells are being targeted. This project investigates how aspirin and metformin influence energy molecules in bowel cells to mimic beneficial effects of exercise or dietary restriction. Participants, recruited from Western General Hospital (Edinburgh) colorectal clinics, will have bowel lining and blood samples take initially and then depending on their assigned cohort, after; 24 hours, 7 days, 28 days or a 6-week course of aspirin, metformin or both tablets. Samples will be analysed for energy genes (main outcome). Secondary outcomes will measure effects on quantitative faecal immunochemical tests (qFIT), used to detect blood in the stool, and on gut bacteria. This critical research will inform how aspirin and metformin can be used in specific populations to decrease bowel cancer risk and to develop new drugs to target abnormal energy pathways.

Trial Health

15
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Timeline
Completed

Started Aug 2022

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable colorectal-cancer

Status
withdrawn

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 17, 2021

Completed
28 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

December 15, 2021

Completed
8 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 1, 2022

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

October 1, 2022

Completed
8 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 1, 2023

Completed
Last Updated

February 6, 2025

Status Verified

June 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

2 months

First QC Date

November 17, 2021

Last Update Submit

February 3, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (12)

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 24 hours Aspirin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 7 days Aspirin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 28 days Aspirin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 6 weeks Aspirin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 24 hours Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 7 days Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 28 days Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 6 weeks Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 24 hours combined Aspirin and Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 7 days combined Aspirin and Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 28 days combined Aspirin and Metformin medication

  • Relative genetic expression change of genes relating to energy, metabolism and stem cell signalling in the large bowel

    Effect on genetic expression

    Baseline and immediately after 6 weeks combined Aspirin and Metformin medication

Secondary Outcomes (24)

  • Change in value of qFIT result with aspirin, metformin or combination

    Baseline and immediately after 24 hours Aspirin medication

  • Change in value of qFIT result with aspirin, metformin or combination

    Baseline and immediately after 7 days Aspirin medication

  • Change in value of qFIT result with aspirin, metformin or combination

    Baseline and immediately after 28 days Aspirin medication

  • Change in value of qFIT result with aspirin, metformin or combination

    Baseline and immediately after 6 weeks Aspirin medication

  • Change in value of qFIT result with aspirin, metformin or combination

    Baseline and immediately after 24 hours Metformin medication

  • +19 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (13)

Control

NO INTERVENTION

No medication, 6 weeks

Aspirin 24 Hours

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

24 Hours Aspirin

Drug: Aspirin tablet

Aspirin 7 Days

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

7 Days Aspirin

Drug: Aspirin tablet

Aspirin 28 Days

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

28 Days Aspirin

Drug: Aspirin tablet

Aspirin 6 Weeks

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

6 Weeks Aspirin

Drug: Aspirin tablet

Metformin 24 Hours

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

24 Hours Metformin

Drug: Metformin

Metformin 7 Days

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

7 Days Metformin

Drug: Metformin

Metformin 28 Days

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

28 Days Metformin

Drug: Metformin

Metformin 6 Weeks

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

6 Weeks Metformin

Drug: Metformin

Aspirin & Metformin 24 Hours

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

24 Hours Aspirin \& Metformin

Drug: Aspirin and Metformin

Aspirin & Metformin 7 Days

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

7 Days Aspirin \& Metformin

Drug: Aspirin and Metformin

Aspirin & Metformin 28 Days

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

28 Days Aspirin \& Metformin

Drug: Aspirin and Metformin

Aspirin & Metformin 6 Weeks

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

6 Weeks Aspirin \& Metformin

Drug: Aspirin and Metformin

Interventions

75mg Aspirin once per day

Also known as: acetylsalicylic acid
Aspirin 24 HoursAspirin 28 DaysAspirin 6 WeeksAspirin 7 Days

500mg Metformin once per day

Also known as: Glucophage
Metformin 24 HoursMetformin 28 DaysMetformin 6 WeeksMetformin 7 Days

75mg Aspirin and 500mg Metformin once per day

Also known as: acetylsalicylic acid and Glucophage
Aspirin & Metformin 24 HoursAspirin & Metformin 28 DaysAspirin & Metformin 6 WeeksAspirin & Metformin 7 Days

Eligibility Criteria

Age16 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • All participants who are capable of giving informed consent. All participants aged 16 years or over. All participants must have no known contraindications to rectal biopsy procedures.
  • All participants must be resident in the United Kingdom. All participants must have no known contraindications to aspirin and metformin.

You may not qualify if:

  • Unable to give informed consent. Under the age of 16 years. Individuals who are taking anti-coagulation medication. Individuals with platelet disease or other bleeding issues. Individuals with a history of a significant rectal bleed. History of diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance. Any contraindication to either aspirin or metformin. Female subjects of child bearing age who are not taking effective contraception during the period of the trial

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Colorectal Neoplasms

Interventions

AspirinMetformin

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Intestinal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal NeoplasmsDigestive System NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsDigestive System DiseasesGastrointestinal DiseasesColonic DiseasesIntestinal DiseasesRectal Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

SalicylatesHydroxybenzoatesPhenolsBenzene DerivativesHydrocarbons, AromaticHydrocarbons, CyclicHydrocarbonsOrganic ChemicalsBiguanidesGuanidinesAmidines

Study Officials

  • Farhat VN Din, FRCSed

    University of Edinburgh

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
0

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
NON RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
BASIC SCIENCE
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 17, 2021

First Posted

December 15, 2021

Study Start

August 1, 2022

Primary Completion

October 1, 2022

Study Completion

June 1, 2023

Last Updated

February 6, 2025

Record last verified: 2024-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share