NCT05052190

Brief Summary

This trial is taking place in Los Angeles, CA at clinics within the UCLA Health System. The study design is a 2x2 nested factorial design. Patients will be randomized into 1) receiving text based reminder messages, 2) portal-based reminder messages or 3) the control group. Patients randomized to the intervention arms will receive reminders if they are due for influenza vaccine. Nested within the reminder arms (text or portal), we will have 2 additional components for which patients will be randomized separately:

  • A direct scheduling link within the reminder letter enabling the patient to schedule an influenza vaccine only visit (direct scheduling link vs. no direct scheduling link).
  • A pre-appointment reminder, encouraging patients to ask for their influenza vaccine at their upcoming appointment (pre-appointment reminder encouraging influenza vaccination vs. standard pre-appointment reminder not mentioning influenza vaccination) Despite the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendation in 2010 that all people above 6 months of age should receive an annual flu vaccine, vaccination rates remain low: at 6m-4.9 yrs. (70%), 5-17.9 yrs. (56%), 18-64.9 yrs. (38%), and \>65 yrs. (63%). The investigators will assess the effectiveness of MyChart R/R messages and text R/R messages as compared to the standard of care control (no messages).

Trial Health

57
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
239,567

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2021

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
terminated

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 31, 2021

Completed
22 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 22, 2021

Completed
22 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 14, 2021

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2022

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2022

Completed
3 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

April 11, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

April 11, 2025

Status Verified

March 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

6 months

First QC Date

August 31, 2021

Results QC Date

December 12, 2024

Last Update Submit

March 27, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Reminder Recall (R/R)Influenza VaccineElectronic Health RecordText MessageVaccine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Receipt of the Annual Influenza Vaccine Among Adult and Pediatric Index Patients

    Percent of patients with annual influenza vaccination (between 10/1/21 - 4/1/22) among adult and pediatric index patients. Outcomes will be assessed via vaccine data extraction from the electronic health record and external claims and pharmacy data. The index patients must also be an active UCLA Health MyChart user (\>= 1 login over the last 12 months from 8/1/21, excluding activity on the user's initial profile activation date). Individuals not affiliated with any primary care practice will be excluded from the primary analysis.

    6 months

Other Outcomes (1)

  • Receipt of the Annual Influenza Vaccine Among Pediatric Index Patients

    6 months - Unable to analyze data due to contaminated study arms

Study Arms (9)

Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Behavioral: Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link

Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text with no link to schedule an appointment.

Behavioral: Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link

Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link + text Pre-Appointment Reminder

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.

Behavioral: Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule LinkBehavioral: Text Pre-Appointment Reminder

Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.

Behavioral: Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule LinkBehavioral: Text Pre-Appointment Reminder

Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Behavioral: Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link

Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Behavioral: Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link

Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period.

Behavioral: Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule LinkBehavioral: Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period.

Behavioral: Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule LinkBehavioral: Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

No R/R Message or Pre-Appointment Reminder

NO INTERVENTION

Participants do not receive any flu vaccine R/R message or Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment during the specified flu season.

Interventions

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule LinkText Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link + text Pre-Appointment Reminder

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule LinkText Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder

Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.

Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link + text Pre-Appointment ReminderText Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule LinkPortal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.

Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule LinkPortal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.

Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment ReminderPortal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder

Eligibility Criteria

Age6 Months+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Active Portal Users A patient within the UCLA Health System identified as a primary care patient per an internal algorithm

You may not qualify if:

  • A patient within the UCLA Health System not identified as a primary care patient per an internal algorithm

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of California LA

Los Angeles, California, 99095, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Influenza, HumanRespiratory Tract Infections

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

InfectionsOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesRespiratory Tract Diseases

Limitations and Caveats

Errors occurred with the text messaging component of our studying meaning that over half of the cohort that was randomized to receive the intervention did not receive the allocated messages. For this reason, our study team terminated the study early and had no intention of ever publishing these results but instead planned to repeat the trial correctly. Outcome results reported are not valid and have not been published

Results Point of Contact

Title
Principal Investigator
Organization
UCLA

Study Officials

  • Peter Szilagyi, MPH, MD

    University of California, Los Angeles

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Model Details: Pragmatic comparative effectiveness trial with a standard-of-care control group
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Executive Vice Chair, Clinical Research, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 31, 2021

First Posted

September 22, 2021

Study Start

October 14, 2021

Primary Completion

April 1, 2022

Study Completion

April 1, 2022

Last Updated

April 11, 2025

Results First Posted

April 11, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03

Locations