Parenting Stress mHealth

NCT05032742 | Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: K23DA050798
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 60
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Parenting stress is a well-documented barrier to youth engagement in community-based substance use treatment. The current project aims to develop and evaluate a mobile health parenting stress intervention for caregivers of justice-involved youth, a population with high rates of substance use and low rates of treatment engagement.

Conditions

Stress

Keywords

parenting stress; juvenile justice; digital health

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (10)

• Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (Mindful Parenting)

  The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale is an 8-item self-report of mindful parenting, including four sub-scales reflecting present-centered emotional awareness in parenting, present-centered attention in parenting, non-reactivity/low reactivity in parenting, and non-judgmental acceptance in parenting that will be used to measure mindful parenting as a construct. Each item is rated on a 1 to 5 scale and items are summed to create sub-scale scores (possible range=8 to 40); higher scores indicate greater mindful parenting.

  3 months post baseline

• Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (Mindful Parenting)

  The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale is an 8-item self-report of mindful parenting, including four sub-scales reflecting present-centered emotional awareness in parenting, present-centered attention in parenting, non-reactivity/low reactivity in parenting, and non-judgmental acceptance in parenting that will be used to measure mindful parenting as a construct. Each item is rated on a 1 to 5 scale and items are summed to create sub-scale scores (possible range=8 to 40); higher scores indicate greater mindful parenting.

  6 months post baseline

• Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (Parenting Stress)

  The Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA) is a 90-item self-report measure of parenting stress. Items are rated on a 1 to 5 scale and summed to create sub-scale scores; higher scores reflect greater parenting stress.

  3 months post baseline

• Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (Parenting Stress)

  The Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA) is a 90-item self-report measure of parenting stress. Items are rated on a 1 to 5 scale and summed to create sub-scale scores (possible range=90 to 450); higher scores reflect greater parenting stress.

  6 months post baseline

• Parenting Self-Efficacy

  Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES) is a 20-item assessment of caregivers' perceived parenting ability across 3 dimensions: parental connection, behavioral influence, and psychological autonomy and used to measure parenting self-efficacy. Items are rated on a scale from 0 to 10 (possible range=0 to 200) with higher scores reflecting greater parenting self-efficacy.

  3 months post baseline

• Parenting Self-Efficacy

  Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES) is a 20-item assessment of caregivers' perceived parenting ability across 3 dimensions: parental connection, behavioral influence, and psychological autonomy and used to measure parenting self-efficacy. Items are rated on a scale from 0 to 10 (possible range=0 to 200) with higher scores reflecting greater parenting self-efficacy.

  6 months post baseline

• Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (Barriers to Youth Treatment)

  The Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA) is a parent-report instrument designed to assess the use of behavioral health services by children ages 8 years to 17 years. The CASA includes 31 settings covering inpatient, outpatient, and informal services provided by a variety of child-serving providers and sectors. This instrument collects information on whether a service was ever used, as well as more detailed information (length of stay/number of visits, focus of treatment) on services used in the recent past. Select items from the CASA will assess 16 barriers to youths' services use (e.g., language, transportation, cost, stigma). Caregivers will report whether each barrier was a concern during the 3 months prior to the youths' detention or for follow-ups, in the 3 months since the last assessment (6 months post baseline).

  3 months post baseline

• Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (Barriers to Youth Treatment)

  The Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA) is a parent-report instrument designed to assess the use of behavioral health services by children ages 8 years to 17 years. The CASA includes 31 settings covering inpatient, outpatient, and informal services provided by a variety of child-serving providers and sectors. This instrument collects information on whether a service was ever used, as well as more detailed information (length of stay/number of visits, focus of treatment) on services used in the recent past. Select items from the CASA will assess 16 barriers to youths' services use (e.g., language, transportation, cost, stigma). Caregivers will report whether each barrier was a concern during the 3 months prior to the youths' detention or for follow-ups, in the 3 months since the last assessment (6 months post baseline).

  6 months post baseline

• Motivation for Youth Treatment

  Motivation for Youth's Treatment Scale (MYTS) is an 8-item measure of intrinsic motivation for youth treatment and assesses a youth and caregiver's problem recognition and treatment readiness. Responses are rated on a 1 to 5 scale and are summed to yield two sub-scale scores (problem recognition: possible range=3 to 15; treatment readiness: possible range=5 to 25). Higher scores reflect higher motivation.

  3 months post baseline

• Motivation for Youth Treatment

  Motivation for Youth's Treatment Scale (MYTS) is an 8-item measure of intrinsic motivation for youth treatment and assesses a youth and caregiver's problem recognition and treatment readiness. Responses are rated on a 1 to 5 scale and are summed to yield two sub-scale scores (problem recognition: possible range=3 to 15; treatment readiness: possible range=5 to 25). Higher scores reflect higher motivation.

  6 months post baseline

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Youth Treatment Engagement

  3 months post baseline

• Youth Treatment Engagement

  6 months post baseline

Other Outcomes (5)

• Caregiver Mental Health & Substance Use

  3 months post baseline

• Caregiver Mental Health & Substance Use

  6 months post baseline

• mHealth Application Acceptability

  3 months post baseline

Study Arms (2)

mHealth parenting stress app

EXPERIMENTAL

mHealth parenting stress app intervention to reduce parenting stress and improving youth community-based treatment engagement.

Behavioral: mHealth parenting stress app

Standard of care

NO INTERVENTION

Caregiver participants will receive an informational brochure describing ways to support one's adolescent during detention and community reentry and any other usual care.

Interventions

mHealth parenting stress app BEHAVIORAL

mHealth parenting stress app intervention to reduce parenting stress and improving youth community-based treatment engagement.

mHealth parenting stress app

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 12 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Eligible caregivers must be the parent or legal guardian of a youth who is:
• currently detained in a juvenile detention center or correctional facility, mandated by the juvenile justice system to a congregate out-of-home placement (e.g., group home);
• years old;
• has an identified substance use or substance use and co-occurring mental health need;
• and is scheduled to be released into the community to the care of the enrolled caregiver.
• Eligible behavioral health providers (e.g., substance use counselor) must:
• Provide substance use or dual diagnosis treatment justice-involved youth and their caregivers,
• be over 18 years old,
• and speak English fluently.
• Eligible juvenile probation officers must be:
• years or older
• and speak fluent English.

You may not qualify if:

• lack of proficiency in English
• and cognitive impairment or active psychosis which precludes provision of informed consent.
• Caregivers who do not have access to a device with internet access will also not be eligible as this would preclude them from being able to participate in the mHealth intervention.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of California, San Francisco: lead
• National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA): collaborator

Study Sites (1)

UCSF Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital

San Francisco, California, 94131, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (2)

• Folk JB, McBride E, Nova S, Hurtado Y, Tolou-Shams M. Co-Design of the RAISE Mobile Health Intervention for and with Caregivers of Detained Youth. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2025 Dec;53(12):1813-1827. doi: 10.1007/s10802-025-01361-7. Epub 2025 Sep 22.

  PMID: 40976844 DERIVED

• Folk JB, Aguilera A, Chaplin TM, Tolou-Shams M. Stress Management Among Caregivers of Detained Youth: Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial of the RAISE Web-Based mHealth App. JMIR Res Protoc. 2025 Jul 10;14:e67511. doi: 10.2196/67511.

  PMID: 40638918 DERIVED

Study Officials

• Johanna B Folk, PhD

  University of California, San Francisco

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Johanna B Folk, PhD

CONTACT

415-602-9521; johanna.folk@ucsf.edu

Alison Czopp, MSW

CONTACT

628-224-9767; alison.czopp@ucsf.edu

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 27, 2021
• First Posted: September 2, 2021
• Study Start: September 15, 2021
• Primary Completion (Estimated): July 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): July 31, 2026
• Last Updated: January 13, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)