NCT05000697

Brief Summary

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) has been considered the preferred initial treatment strategy for distal rectal cancer. Advantages of this approach include improved local control after radical surgery but also the opportunity for organ preserving strategies (Watch and Wait - WW). Consolidation chemotherapy (cCT) regimens using fluoropyrimidine-based with or without oxaliplatin following nCRT have demonstrated to increase complete response and organ preservation rates among these patients. However, the benefit of adding oxaliplatin to cCt compared to fluoropyrimidine alone regimens in terms of primary tumor response remains unclear. Since oxaliplatin-treatment may be associated with considerable toxicity, it becomes imperative to understand the benefit of its incorporation into standard cCT regimens in terms of primary tumor response. The aim of the present trial is to compare the outcomes of 2 different cCT regimens following nCRT (fluoropyrimidine-alone versus fluoropyrimidine+oxaliplatin) for patients with distal rectal cancer. Methods: In this multi-centre study, patients with magnetic resonance-defined distal rectal tumors will be randomized on a 1:1 ratio to receive long-course chemoradiation (54Gy) followed by cCT with fluoropyrimidine alone versus fluoropyrimidine+oxaliplatin. Magnetic resonance (MR) will be analyzed centrally prior to patient inclusion and randomization. mrT2-3N0-1 tumor located no more than 1cm above the anorectal ring determined by sagittal views on MR will be eligible for the study. Tumor response will be assessed after 12 weeks from radiotherapy (RT) completion. Patients with clinical complete response (clinical, endoscopic and radiological) will be enrolled in an organ-preservation program (WW). The primary endpoint of this trial is decision to organ-preservation surveillance (WW) at 18 weeks from RT completion. Discussion: Long-course nCRT with cCT is associated with improved complete response rates and may be a very attractive alternative to increase the chances for organ-preservation strategies. Fluoropyrimidine-based cCT with or without oxaliplatin has never been investigated in the setting of a randomized trial to compare clinical response rates and the possibility of organ-preservation. The outcomes of this study may significantly impact clinical practice of patients with distal rectal cancer interested in organ-preservation.

Trial Health

80
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
216

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
11mo left

Started Jul 2021

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
3 countries

24 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress84%
Jul 2021Apr 2027

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 14, 2021

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 19, 2021

Completed
23 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 11, 2021

Completed
5.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2027

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2027

Last Updated

November 27, 2024

Status Verified

November 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

5.7 years

First QC Date

July 19, 2021

Last Update Submit

November 25, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

Rectal cancerConsolidation ChemotherapyComplete ResponseWatch and Wait

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Decision to Watch and Wait due to clinical complete response

    Decision to Watch and Wait due to clinical complete response achieved at 18 weeks from last date of radiation using clinical (DRE), endoscopic and radiological criteria (mrTRG grade) or near-complete clinical response (no progressive disease clinically, endoscopically or radiologically)

    18 weeks from last date of radiation

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Surgery-free survival at 3 years

    3 years from last date of radiation

  • Total Mesorectal Excision-free survival at 3 years

    3 years from last date of radiation

  • Distant metastases free survival at 3 years

    3 years from last date of radiation

  • Local regrowth-free survival at 3 years

    3 years from last date of radiation

  • Colostomy-free survival at 3 years

    3 years from last date of radiation

Study Arms (2)

Arm 1 - 5FU + Oxaliplatin

EXPERIMENTAL

1\) RT (54Gy) plus daily concomitant capecitabine 825mg/m2 bid, followed by mFOLFOX6 or XELOX for 4 cycles (12 weeks), starting 1 week after radiotherapy ended;

Drug: OxaliplatinDrug: 5FU

Arm 2 - 5FU Only

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

2\) RT (54Gy) plus daily concomitant capecitabine 825mg/m2 bid, followed by capecitabine 2000mg/m2/day for 14 days in a 21 days cycle for 4 cycles (12 weeks), starting 1 week after radiotherapy ended;

Drug: 5FU

Interventions

Patients will receive 5FU + Oxaliplatin during the consolidation chemotherapy after long course chemoradiation

Also known as: 5FU + Oxaliplatin
Arm 1 - 5FU + Oxaliplatin
5FUDRUG

Patients will receive 5FU during the consolidation chemotherapy after long course chemoradiation

Arm 1 - 5FU + OxaliplatinArm 2 - 5FU Only

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Age ≥18 years;
  • ECOG 0-2 or KPS≥70;
  • Primary rectal adenocarcinoma (biopsy confirmed) within the reach of digital rectal examination (at least lower tip/border) by the attending colorectal surgeon;
  • Endoscopic documentation;
  • Abdominal and chest CT scans showing no evidence of metastatic disease;
  • High-resolution magnetic resonance images performed at either 1.5T or 3.0T system using a phased array surface coil with: sagittal T2 images including the anal verge and the sacrum; axial oblique T2 weighted images acquired in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the rectal wall guided by the sagittal images; coronal images acquired in parallel to the anal canal plane. Small field of view (16-18cm), 3mm section thickness, increased matrix size and increased number of signal averages are required;
  • Radiological defining criteria (centralized):
  • Lower edge of tumor at the level (max. 1cm distance) or below the anorectal ring defined at sagittal or coronal views;
  • mrT2, mrT3 (any subclassification)
  • mrN0-1 (≤3 radiologically positive lymph nodes)
  • mrEMVI: any status
  • mrMRF: any status

You may not qualify if:

  • Pregnancy
  • ECOG ≥3 or KPS\<70
  • Unwilling to consent
  • mrT4 or mrN2
  • Previous pelvic irradiation
  • Baseline neuropathy
  • Receiving treatment of other anti-cancer drug or methods
  • Presence of uncontrolled life threatening diseases

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (24)

Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires, C1199CABA, Argentina

RECRUITING

Hospital Ramos Mejia: Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Jose Maria Ramos Mejia

Buenos Aires, C1221ADC, Argentina

RECRUITING

Hospital de Gastroenterologia Udaondo Ciudad de Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires, C1264AAACABA, Argentina

RECRUITING

Hospital Britanico de Buenos Aires - Asociacion Civil

Buenos Aires, C1280AEB, Argentina

RECRUITING

Hospital Curruca: Superintendencia de Bienestar Policia Federal Argentina

Buenos Aires, C1437JCP, Argentina

RECRUITING

Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz

São Paulo, São Paulo, 01327-001, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital Felicio Rocho

Belo Horizonte, 30110-934, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu

Botucatu, 18607-741, Brazil

RECRUITING

Complexo de Saude São João de Deus - Divinopolis

Divinópolis, 35500-227, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital das Clinicas de Passo Fundo

Passo Fundo, 99010-260, Brazil

RECRUITING

Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre

Porto Alegre, 90020-090, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital das Clinicas de Porto Alegre

Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil

RECRUITING

União Brasileira de Educação e Assistencia - PUC-RS - Campus POA

Porto Alegre, 90160-092, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital Militar de Area de Porto Alegre

Porto Alegre, 90440-191, Brazil

RECRUITING

Centro Gaucho Integrado de Oncologia, hematologia, ensino e pesquisa

Porto Alegre, Brazil

RECRUITING

Instituto Nacional do Cancer Jose Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA

Rio de Janeiro, 20230-130, Brazil

RECRUITING

Ensino e Terapia de Inovação Clínica AMO

Salvador, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria

Santa Maria, 97150-900, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital Beneficencia Portuguesa

São Paulo, 01323-001, Brazil

RECRUITING

Associação Beneficente Síria - Hospital do Coração

São Paulo, 04005-000, Brazil

RECRUITING

Centro Paulista de Oncologia - CPO

São Paulo, 04538-132, Brazil

RECRUITING

Hospital Primavera

São Paulo, 05059-060, Brazil

RECRUITING

COT - Centro Oncológico do Triângulo S.A.

Uberlândia, Brazil

RECRUITING

Médica Uruguaya Coorporación de Asistencia Médica

Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Habr-Gama A, Sao Juliao GP, Ortega CD, Vailati BB, Araujo S, Jorge T, Sabbaga J, Rossi GL, D'Alpino R, Kater FR, Aguilar PB, Mattacheo A, Perez RO; Latin American Rectal Cancer Consortium (LARCC). A multi-centre randomized controlled trial investigating Consolidation Chemotherapy with and without oxaliplatin in distal rectal cancer and Watch & Wait. BMC Cancer. 2023 Jun 14;23(1):546. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-10984-2.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Rectal NeoplasmsPathologic Complete Response

Interventions

OxaliplatinFluorouracil

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Colorectal NeoplasmsIntestinal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal NeoplasmsDigestive System NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsDigestive System DiseasesGastrointestinal DiseasesIntestinal DiseasesRectal DiseasesDisease ProgressionDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Coordination ComplexesOrganic ChemicalsUracilPyrimidinonesPyrimidinesHeterocyclic Compounds, 1-RingHeterocyclic Compounds

Study Officials

  • Rodrigo O Perez, Dr

    Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Rodrigo O Perez, Dr

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR
Masking Details
Patients and attending phisicians will not be blinded to the treatment arm randomized for each patient. However, as a strategy to reduce investigator's expectations and reduce inherent bias, the central committee will be blinded to the treatment arm. It is expected that blinding the central committee, who will be responsible for assessing the primary endpoint, any bias related to the investigator's expectation about the treatment arm and the chances of Watch and Wait will be nulled.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Individuals will be randomized and allocated at a 1:1 ratio to the two groups using a permuted block design with a random block size of 4, 6, and 8. (1-3) A randomization list will be generated electronically using appropriate software immediately after being considered eligible.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 19, 2021

First Posted

August 11, 2021

Study Start

July 14, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2027

Last Updated

November 27, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-11

Locations