Immersive Virtual Reality for Visuo-motor Integration Skill Assessment

NCT04612049 | Terminated Results

• 2 other identifiers: 412575-19357P2CHD101912
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 12
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 3

Brief Summary

A significant deficit affecting nearly half of children with hemiplegia is visual-motor integration, or eye-hand coordination. Children have difficulties integrating visual and motor information to effectively plan and execute movements. Visual-motor impairments are detrimental because they affect accuracy of reaching and grasping, which are movements involved in feeding, writing, and sports participation, among many other daily life activities. Although paper-and-pencil and touchscreen computer assessments exist, these fail to evaluate impairments under realistic, 3D conditions. This assessment barrier leads to significant gaps in knowledge the influence of these impairments on children's performance of functional activities. We will use immersive virtual reality (VR) delivered using a head-mounted display (HMD) to address this gap. Because it is fully visually immersive, VR makes interactions similar to real world performance. These features enable HMD-VR to offer more natural assessment conditions. HMD-VR may help us gain important new knowledge about functional movement deficits in children with hemiplegia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate low-cost HMD-VR as a realistic assessment tool for visual-motor integration deficits in children with hemiplegia. The long-term goals of our research program are to: 1) Inform clinical decision-making practices by providing families and clinicians with precise, accurate information about children's abilities; and 2) Generate new knowledge about visual-motor integration impairments to enhance the effectiveness of both virtual and conventional rehabilitation interventions. We will recruit 40 children with hemiplegia aged 7-16 years at GMFCS Levels I-III and Manual Ability Classification System levels I-II for testing sessions of seated paper-and-pencil, touchscreen computer and HMD-VR visual-motor integration tasks at 3 clinical sites We will measure feasibility using counts of enrollment, side-effects and protocol completion. Visual-motor integration is quantified in the paper-and-pencil task via standardized score and in touchscreen and HMD-VR tasks using equivalent temporal and spatial eye and hand metrics. This pilot study will generate descriptive estimates of differences in visual-motor performance under conditions of differing 3D realism. This work is the first step towards the ultimate goal of a valid assessment method informing new VR-based treatment options for children with hemiplegia.

Conditions

Cerebral Palsy; Hemiplegia

Keywords

Virtual Reality; Visual-Motor Integration; Feasibility

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Eye-hand Proximity

  Lag between eye end time and hand end time (i.e. eye movement time - hand movement time)

  During testing.

• Beery-Buktenica VMI Test 6th Edition (Short Form)

  The Beery-Bukentica VMI, which is the unabbreviated scale title, is a test of visual-motor integration skills involving geometric design copying tasks. The administration time is 10-15 minutes. Children copy a series of increasingly complex designs using their preferred hand. We used the standard score, which ranges from 0 (minimum) to 100 (maximum). Higher scores indicate better VMI skills.

  Pre-testing.

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Box and Blocks

  Pre-testing

Study Arms (2)

Children with hemiplegia

EXPERIMENTAL

40 children with hemiplegia, 7-16 years-old at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Levels I-III and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) Levels I-II will be recruited as participants. This age range was chosen based on our preliminary research in which children under the age of 7 had difficulty attending to repetitive task practice. Individuals will be recruited without regard to race or ethnicity. Our goal is to have a study sample that is 50% male and 50% female, and approximates the population of the Greater Boston, MA region.

Device: Immersive virtual reality visuo-motor skill assessment

Typically developing children

EXPERIMENTAL

40 typically developing children, 7-16 years-old.

Device: Immersive virtual reality visuo-motor skill assessment

Interventions

Immersive virtual reality visuo-motor skill assessment DEVICE

Visuo-motor skill assessment in an immersive 3D virtual environment using a head-mounted display.

Children with hemiplegia; Typically developing children

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 7 Years - 16 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Diagnosis of hemiplegia (due to CP or stroke)
• Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Levels I-III
• Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) Levels I-II
• Ability to read and write English.
• Sufficient hearing, vision and cognition to respond to auditory and visual cues.

You may not qualify if:

• Greater than 10-degree elbow or shoulder flexion contracture in the affected arm
• Uncorrected visual deficits (e.g., homonymous hemianopsia, oculomotor disturbance, or cortical visual impairment)
• Uncontrolled photosensitive seizures (occurrence of at least one seizure in the last 3 months)
• Hemineglect
• Cognitive impairments that would prohibit participation (as judged by a parent)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Northeastern University: lead
• MaineHealth: collaborator
• Massachusetts General Hospital: collaborator
• Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital: collaborator
• Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD): collaborator

Study Sites (3)

Maine Health

Portland, Maine, 04074, United States

Location

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, United States

Location

Spaulding Rehabilitation

Salem, Massachusetts, 01970, United States

Location

Related Publications (28)

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• Mackey AH, Walt SE, Stott NS. Deficits in upper-limb task performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy as defined by 3-dimensional kinematics. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Feb;87(2):207-15. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.10.023.

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• Shevell MI, Dagenais L, Hall N; REPACQ CONSORTIUM*. The relationship of cerebral palsy subtype and functional motor impairment: a population-based study. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009 Nov;51(11):872-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03269.x. Epub 2009 Mar 11.

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• Ego A, Lidzba K, Brovedani P, Belmonti V, Gonzalez-Monge S, Boudia B, Ritz A, Cans C. Visual-perceptual impairment in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015 Apr;57 Suppl 2:46-51. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12687.

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• James S, Ziviani J, Ware RS, Boyd RN. Relationships between activities of daily living, upper limb function, and visual perception in children and adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015 Sep;57(9):852-7. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12715. Epub 2015 Feb 23.

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• Mallory K, Barton K, Woodhouse J, Bernstein J, Greenspoon D, Reed N. Occupational Performance Issues of Children with Hemiplegia after Acquired Brain Injury. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2020;40(3):279-293. doi: 10.1080/01942638.2019.1675845. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

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• Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A, Goldstein M, Bax M, Damiano D, Dan B, Jacobsson B. A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl. 2007 Feb;109:8-14.

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• Oskoui M, Coutinho F, Dykeman J, Jette N, Pringsheim T. An update on the prevalence of cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013 Jun;55(6):509-19. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12080. Epub 2013 Jan 24.

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• Chiu HC, Ada L. Constraint-induced movement therapy improves upper limb activity and participation in hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a systematic review. J Physiother. 2016 Jul;62(3):130-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 Jun 17.

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• Hoare BJ, Wallen MA, Thorley MN, Jackman ML, Carey LM, Imms C. Constraint-induced movement therapy in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Apr 1;4(4):CD004149. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004149.pub3.

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• Hoare B, Greaves S. Unimanual versus bimanual therapy in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: Same, same, but different. J Pediatr Rehabil Med. 2017;10(1):47-59. doi: 10.3233/PRM-170410.

  PMID: 28339410 BACKGROUND

• Krajenbrink H, Crichton A, Steenbergen B, Hoare B. The development of anticipatory action planning in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2019 Feb;85:163-171. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.12.002. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

  PMID: 30557847 BACKGROUND

• Gordon AM. Impaired Voluntary Movement Control and Its Rehabilitation in Cerebral Palsy. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;957:291-311. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-47313-0_16.

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• Saavedra S, Karve SJ, Woollacott M, van Donkelaar P. Eye hand coordination in children with cerebral palsy. Exp Brain Res. 2009 Jan;192(2):155-65. doi: 10.1007/s00221-008-1549-8. Epub 2008 Oct 2.

  PMID: 18830589 BACKGROUND

• Fang Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Qin J. The Relationship of Motor Coordination, Visual Perception, and Executive Function to the Development of 4-6-Year-Old Chinese Preschoolers' Visual Motor Integration Skills. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:6264254. doi: 10.1155/2017/6264254. Epub 2017 Dec 31.

  PMID: 29457030 BACKGROUND

• Verrel J, Bekkering H, Steenbergen B. Eye-hand coordination during manual object transport with the affected and less affected hand in adolescents with hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Exp Brain Res. 2008 May;187(1):107-16. doi: 10.1007/s00221-008-1287-y. Epub 2008 Jan 30.

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• Harvey EM, Leonard-Green TK, Mohan KM, Kulp MT, Davis AL, Miller JM, Twelker JD, Campus I, Dennis LK. Interrater and Test-Retest Reliability of the Beery Visual-Motor Integration in Schoolchildren. Optom Vis Sci. 2017 May;94(5):598-605. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001068.

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• Weiss PL, Rand D, Katz N, Kizony R. Video capture virtual reality as a flexible and effective rehabilitation tool. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2004 Dec 20;1(1):12. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-1-12.

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• Levac DE, Huber ME, Sternad D. Learning and transfer of complex motor skills in virtual reality: a perspective review. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2019 Oct 18;16(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s12984-019-0587-8.

  PMID: 31627755 BACKGROUND

• Levac D, Glegg S, Colquhoun H, Miller P, Noubary F. Virtual Reality and Active Videogame-Based Practice, Learning Needs, and Preferences: A Cross-Canada Survey of Physical Therapists and Occupational Therapists. Games Health J. 2017 Aug;6(4):217-228. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2016.0089.

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• Robert MT, Levin MF. Validation of reaching in a virtual environment in typically developing children and children with mild unilateral cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Apr;60(4):382-390. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13688. Epub 2018 Feb 10.

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• de Mello Monteiro CB, Massetti T, da Silva TD, van der Kamp J, de Abreu LC, Leone C, Savelsbergh GJ. Transfer of motor learning from virtual to natural environments in individuals with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Oct;35(10):2430-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.06.006. Epub 2014 Jun 28.

  PMID: 24981192 BACKGROUND

• Knaut LA, Subramanian SK, McFadyen BJ, Bourbonnais D, Levin MF. Kinematics of pointing movements made in a virtual versus a physical 3-dimensional environment in healthy and stroke subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2009 May;90(5):793-802. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.030.

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• Subramanian SK, Levin MF. Viewing medium affects arm motor performance in 3D virtual environments. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2011 Jun 30;8:36. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-8-36.

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• Niehorster DC, Li L, Lappe M. The Accuracy and Precision of Position and Orientation Tracking in the HTC Vive Virtual Reality System for Scientific Research. Iperception. 2017 May 18;8(3):2041669517708205. doi: 10.1177/2041669517708205. eCollection 2017 May-Jun.

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• Fears NE, Bailey BC, Youmans B, Lockman JJ. An Eye-Tracking Method for Directly Assessing Children's Visual-Motor Integration. Phys Ther. 2019 Jun 1;99(6):797-806. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzz027.

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MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cerebral Palsy; Hemiplegia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Paralysis; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Limitations and Caveats

Early termination due to Investigator changing sites.

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Dr Danielle Levac
• Organization: University of Montreal

danielle.levac@umontreal.ca

5148639108

Study Officials

• Danielle Levac, PhD

  Northeastern University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: No
• Restrictive Agreement: No

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: DEVICE FEASIBILITY
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: October 27, 2020
• First Posted: November 2, 2020
• Study Start: May 1, 2021
• Primary Completion: December 30, 2021
• Study Completion: December 30, 2021
• Last Updated: June 12, 2023
• Results First Posted: June 12, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (3)