Effect of Incorporating Lean Beef Into a Protein-rich Diet During Resistance Training on Muscle and Tendon Strength in Older Women

NCT04347447 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: IRB-2019-218
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 45
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Loss of muscle mass and strength is a well-established outcome of normal aging. Muscle strength and mobility are also dependent on the quality and strength of connective tissue, which surrounds skeletal muscle. These layers, which are continuous with tendons, allow for the effective transfer of tension from skeletal muscle to bone to enable movement. Importantly, skeletal muscle strength is directly related to connective tissue strength. Greater tendon connective tissue cross-sectional area and stiffness optimize force transfer through tendon to maximize musculoskeletal function. As with skeletal muscle, tendon connective tissue quality declines with age. Previous research indicates that resistance training can improve muscle strength in older adults, but may not counter the effects of aging on tendon. The specific problem is that no approaches are available that benefit both skeletal muscle and tendon health to minimize loss of muscle mass and quality while also improving connective tissue quality and function in older adults. A critical need exists to assess approaches that improve both muscle and connective tissue strength and function. This need is highly relevant for older women, due to their higher risk of sarcopenia than men. Resistance training, especially when combined with higher protein intake, has been consistently shown to improve muscle mass and strength in older adults. Further, emerging research indicates that diets rich in total and indispensable amino acids (as in beef) augment exercise-induced improvements in tendon cross-sectional area in rodents and young humans. However, limited research exists on the impact of beef consumption combined with resistance training on muscle and tendon tissue outcomes, especially in older women. This research study will assess the effects of consuming a healthy, protein-rich diet emphasizing lean beef, compared to a healthy, normal-protein, lower beef diet (control 1), and a healthy protein-rich, lower beef diet emphasizing non-beef/red meat protein (control 2) on resistance training-induced changes in muscle and tendon tissue size, strength, and quality in older women.

Conditions

Sarcopenia; Aging

Keywords

women; beef; skeletal muscle; tendon; connective tissue; older adults

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Skeletal Muscle Mass

  MRI will be used to determine thigh muscle volume before and after the intervention

  within 1 week prior to beginning the intervention and then again within 1 week of completing the intervention

• Tendon Connective Tissue Stiffness

  Patellar tendon stiffness will be assessed using ultrasound methods

  within 1 week prior to beginning the intervention and then again within 1 week of completing the intervention

• Skeletal Muscle Strength

  Strength will be determined using the 1 repetition maximum method

  within 1 week prior to beginning the intervention and then again within 1 week of completing the intervention

• Patellar Tendon Size

  MRI will be used to determine tendon cross-sectional area and length

  within 1 week prior to beginning the intervention and then again within 1 week of completing the intervention

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Blood glucose

  6 and 12 weeks

• HbA1c

  6 and 12 weeks

• Cholesterol

  6 and 12 weeks

• Triglycerides

  6 and 12 weeks

Study Arms (3)

normal protein diet

EXPERIMENTAL

The normal protein diet (Control) will contain the RDA for protein of (0.8 g/kg/d), with the protein provided from a variety of animal and plant-based sources, including lean beef (one 3-oz portion per week), chicken, eggs, dairy, beans, grains, nuts, seeds.

Other: Exercise training

a beef protein-rich diet

EXPERIMENTAL

High protein diet predominantly provided from lean beef (one 3-oz portion per day; total beef intake 24 oz/week). The energy content of the additional protein foods will be isocalorically offset by substitution for low-protein foods.

Other: Exercise training

a protein-rich diet non-red meat

EXPERIMENTAL

High-protein group from a variety of animal and plant-based sources (excluding additional red meats).

Other: Exercise training

Interventions

Exercise training OTHER

All groups will complete a supervised 12-week resistance training protocol, 3 days per week.

a beef protein-rich diet; a protein-rich diet non-red meat; normal protein diet

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years - 80 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Women 60-80 years old.
• BMI \< 40
• Women with HbA1c less than 6.5% (non-diabetic)
• Must be able to complete upper and lower body resistance training exercise

You may not qualify if:

• Chronic users of analgesic medications such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or prescription cyclooxygenase inhibitors -Prisoners-
• Users of tobacco
• Individuals with claustrophobia or implanted objects who cannot complete on MRI scan
• Individuals with any orthopedic condition that would prevent them from properly performing exercise.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Purdue University: lead
• National Cattlemen's Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Purdue University

West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Carroll CC, Campbell NW, Lewis RL, Preston SE, Garrett CM, Winstone HM, Barker AC, Vanos JM, Stouder LS, Reyes C, Fortino MA, Goergen CJ, Hass ZJ, Campbell WW. Greater Protein Intake Emphasizing Lean Beef Does Not Affect Resistance Training-Induced Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle and Tendon of Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Feeding Trial. J Nutr. 2024 Jun;154(6):1803-1814. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.001. Epub 2024 Apr 9.

  PMID: 38604504 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Sarcopenia

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Muscular Atrophy; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Atrophy; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Chad Carroll, PhD

  Purdue University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor,Health and Kinesiology

Model Details: three intervention groups

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 31, 2020
• First Posted: April 15, 2020
• Study Start: May 1, 2020
• Primary Completion: December 20, 2022
• Study Completion: December 1, 2024
• Last Updated: August 29, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)