Exercise, Brain, Cognition, OMICs, Molecular Markers and Functionality in People at Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment

NCT03923712 | Completed

• 2 other identifiers: DEP2016-76123-RPI-0002-2017
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 98
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This project aims to examine the effect of a 5-month period supervised exercise intervention on brain, cognition, OMICs, Molecular Markers and functional status in older people at risk of mild cognitive impairment. Secondarily, the effect of this intervention on antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism and glucose, physical health (functional capacity, blood pressure, body composition) and mental (quality of life and depression) will be studied, as well as other factors risk (genetic and biological) for the development of Alzheimer. A total of 100 people aged between 65 and 75 years old at risk of mild cognitive impairment will be randomly distributed in the supervised exercise intervention group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). The design will include a 5-month intervention with measurements at pre and post intervention and a third measurement (retest) after 3 months of completion. The multicomponent supervised exercise program will include aerobic, strength, cognitive and coordinative-agility-balance works, and progression will be established in different load parameters (frequency, volume, intensity, density). Therefore, randomized controlled studies are needed to know the specific effect of dose-response considering the various dimensions in parallel such as neuroimaging, cognitive status and OMICS. This will allow us to understand from a comprehensive perspective the causes and mechanisms underlying the response. This project will significantly increase scientific knowledge about the role of exercise on brain as a therapeutic measure in people at risk of mild cognitive impairment from a multidimensional perspective. The project will have a significant impact at social and economic level by transferring the study findings to social and health setting by means of agents and networks provided for the project.

Conditions

Mild Cognitive Impairment; Alzheimer Dementia

Keywords

Physical exercise; ageing; dementia; Alzheimer; magnetic resonance image; cerebral; cognition; metabolomic; older people; mild cognitive impairment

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Assessed changes from Baseline Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Structures (thickness in mm; volumes in mm)

  Brain magnetic resonance images will be acquired in a Philips-Ingenia 3-Tesla scanner with a 32-channel digital coil exclusively dedicated to skull (Philips, The Netherlands) with the anatomical sequences: 1\. Sequence T1-3D in sagittal orientation. This sequence will quantify the cortical thickness and perform morphometric studies of cortical and subcortical structures. The pattern of cortical thickness changes and the volume of different brain structures will be obtained with the tools implemented in the software Freesurfer v5.3 and SPM12.

  up to 24 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Function (level of activity in percentage)

  Brain magnetic resonance images will be acquired in a Philips-Ingenia 3-Tesla scanner with a 32-channel digital coil exclusively dedicated to skull (Philips, The Netherlands) with the anatomical sequences: 1. DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) sequence in axial orientation. This sequence will allow to evaluate the properties of the microstructure of the white matter and its nerve fiber tracts. 2. T2 / FLAIR sequences in axial orientation. Both sequences will be used to determine the degree of involvement of the deep and periventricular white matter using the Fazekas scale.

  up to 24 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Cognitive Status

  An overall SCORE (z-score values or similar;higher value for better outcome) of the 8 measurements on cognitive status will be developed to arrive at one reported value: 1. \- Clinical Dementia Rating -CDR: This is a valid and reliable instrument for staging dementia. 2. \- Mini Mental State Examination to detect cognitive deterioration. 3. \- Trail Making Test -TMT: This is an indicator of the speed of cognitive processing and executive functioning. 2 parts. 4. \- Boston Naming Test to assess the ability to name objects. 5. \- Clock Drawing Test -CDT: valid test for evaluation of cognitive deterioration. 6. \- Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test -RAVLT: learning and verbal episodic memory. 7. \- The Stroop Color and Word Test -SCWT: examines basic psychological processes (cognitive flexibility, selective attention, resistance to interference from external stimuli and cognitive inhibition). 8. -Controlled Oral Word Association Test -COWAT: designed to assess verbal fluency.

  up to 36 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline OMICs Analysis

  To carry out the analysis of the OMICs a full untargeted profiling will be carried out in the pre and post-intervention and retest measurements for different OMICS including metabolomics, proteomics,etc. For these analyzes, the following large equipment and techniques will be used, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC-quadrupole-time of flight, QTPF-MS, Agilent 1200-Agilent 6520); capillary electrophoresis / mass spectrometry (CE, TOF-MS, Agilent 7100-Agilent 6210) and gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC, EI-GC), mass spectrometry (capillary electrophoresis / mass spectrometry, CE-TOF-MS; Q-MS, (Quadrupolo, Agilent 7890A-Agilent 5965C) In addition, data processing platforms will be used, both mass databases and statistical tools for multivariate analysis: Mass Hunter, Mass Profiler Professional, SIMCA, MATLAB.

  up to 36 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Molecular Makers

  The telomere length will be measured by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) following the method previusly described. Briefly, the DNA from the cell fraction of the blood will be extracted with the DNeasy Blood \& Tissue Kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturer's specifications. The DNA concentration of the sample, as well as its integrity, will be confirmed in a NanoDrop 2000. For the RT-qPCR the telomeric sequence will be amplified as well as a single copy gene sequence to normalize. Calibration curves will be made with serial dilutions of known concentration of both the gene sequence as well as an oligo specially designed to contain 114 copies of the TTAGGG telomeric sequence. The RT-qPCR will be carried out with 20 ng of DNA using myScript SYBR Green PCR Kit (ROCHE). The PCR conditions are: 10 min at 95 ° C, followed by 40 cycles of 95 ° C for 15 sec and 60 ° C for 1 min, followed by the corresponding dissociation curve.

  up to 36 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (33)

• Assessed changes from Baseline Physical Health Parameters on Functional capacity: Muscle-skeletal

  up to 36 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Physical Health Parameters on Functional capacity: Cardiorespiratory fitness

  up to 36 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Physical Health Parameters on Functional capacity:Agility-motor coordination

  up to 36 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Physical Health Parameters on Functional capacity: Flexibility

  up to 36 weeks

• Assessed changes from Baseline Physical Health Parameters on Functional capacity: Handgrip strength

  up to 36 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants randomly assigned to control group will be instructed to maintain their normal life habits with respect to physical activity and diet. During the 5 months of intervention participants from this group will receive at least one call from the researchers to be interested in their health status and inform them about the next evaluation appointment, as well as, an objectively evaluation of the main behaviours in the middle of intervention. Investigators will inform about the relevance of attending the full process and respecting the condition and rule as control. Participants from the control group will be freely offered the possibility to get involve in a similar intervention protocol at the end of the study in order to benefit from the potential positive effect of exercise.

Supervised exercise programme

EXPERIMENTAL

5 months of supervised physical exercise program. The individualized and progressive Health periodization model will be applied establishing an initial individualizing period, as well as identifying any need or adaptation to apply during the exercise program. The physical exercise program will be applied in a period of progressive increase whose initial objective will be to reach the volume and intensity established by the international recommendations of physical activity (http://www.health.gov/paguidelines/) for this population. Briefly, a volume of 150 min/week of moderate-vigorous physical activity (60% -85% reserve heart rate) spread over a maximum of 5 days and including force work 2-3 days/week. The training load will progressively increase with a wave and flexible periodization.

Behavioral: Supervised Exercise Programme

Interventions

Supervised Exercise Programme BEHAVIORAL

The methodology will be multicomponent, including aerobic, strength, coordination-cognitive and balance-agility. The physical exercise sessions will be designed in such a way that they work the dimensions but being attractive and motivating for the participants. Each session will include 10 minutes of warm-up with smooth running and mobility exercises; 35-40 minutes of aerobic, strength, coordination-cognitive and balance-agility progressively developed; and 10 minutes back to calm at low intensity with stretching exercises. Nutritional intervention will not be included. For quality purposes, we will use small groups (10-15 pers). After each session participants will be asked about their subjective perception of the effort and the intensity will be controlled by heart rate monitors.

Supervised exercise programme

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 65 Years - 75 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Do not present any physical illness that prevents you from doing physical activity
• Able to communicate without problems
• Able to read and understand informed consent as well as the object of the study

You may not qualify if:

• Acute or terminal illness
• Diagnosis of Alzheimer's
• History of cranioencephalic trauma with loss of consciousness
• History of cerebral infarction, epilepsy, brain tumor
• Unstable cardiovascular disease
• Recent fracture in upper or lower limb
• Alcohol abuse and / or habitual drug use or drug infusion pump
• Presence of pacemakers, defibrillator, metallic implants in the head, intraocular and / or maxillo-facial structures, dental prostheses incompatible with magnetic resonance studies
• Intravascular devices (stent, Coil, filter), heart valve, aneurysm clip, neurostimulator, intravascular catheter with metal or cardiovascular bypass
• Severe visual or auditory problems, implant in the middle / inner ear
• Do not want to complete the study or be assigned to the control group
• He/she is participating in another research study that may influence the present project.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Cadiz: lead
• Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO): collaborator
• Servicio Central de Neuroimagen de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide: collaborator
• Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social, Andalucía: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

University of Cádiz

Cadiz, 11001, Spain

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Velazquez-Diaz D, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Molina-Guzman FA, Saenz-Carrasco JA, Gonzalez-Rosa JJ, Erickson KI, Carbonell-Baeza A, Jimenez-Pavon D. A new set of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness equations are associated with cognitive performance in older adults. Geroscience. 2023 Jun;45(3):1649-1666. doi: 10.1007/s11357-022-00718-w. Epub 2023 Jan 19.

  PMID: 36653578 DERIVED

Related Links

• This is the website of the current project

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cognitive Dysfunction; Alzheimer Disease; Motor Activity; Dementia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Cognition Disorders; Neurocognitive Disorders; Mental Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Tauopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Behavior

Study Officials

• David Jiménez Pavón, PhD

  University of Cádiz

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Ramón y Cajal Senior Researcher

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 1, 2018
• First Posted: April 23, 2019
• Study Start: January 15, 2018
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2020
• Study Completion: December 31, 2020
• Last Updated: April 27, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-04

Locations

ES (1)