NCT03744884

Brief Summary

This game-like intervention using virtual reality will provide an objective and quantitative characterization of dystonia and spasticity presentations in cerebral palsy, even if combined, through the process of motor learning. This intervention could have a therapeutic benefit in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy.

Trial Health

43
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
68

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Dec 2018

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
unknown

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

October 26, 2018

Completed
21 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 16, 2018

Completed
15 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 1, 2018

Completed
2.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 1, 2021

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 1, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

January 3, 2020

Status Verified

December 1, 2019

Enrollment Period

2.1 years

First QC Date

October 26, 2018

Last Update Submit

December 31, 2019

Conditions

Keywords

Virtual realityHaptic feedbackRobotic

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Smoothness Index

    The smoothness index will be measured by analyzing the the integrated accelerometry signals of sensors placed on the upper limbs. Accelerometry data will be integrated to calculate the smoothness index on the velocity profile of the trajectories. The maximum value is 0, being the greatest level of smoothness that can be measured, and the minimum is minus infinity. A value closer to 0 is desired.

    Tested during the assessment sessions spanning over a 6 to 7 week period.

Secondary Outcomes (9)

  • Surface electromyography

    Tested during the assessment sessions and on the first and last day of gameplay spanning over a 6 to 7 week period.

  • Forces and torques against force sensor during gampeplay and in robotic zero-force channel

    Tested during the assessment sessions and on the first and last day of gameplay spanning over a 6 to 7 week period.

  • Montreal Spasticity Rating Test (MSRT)

    Tested during the assessment sessions spanning over a 6 to 7 week period.

  • Dyskinesia Impairment Scale (DIS)

    Tested during the assessment sessions spanning over a 6 to 7 week period.

  • Selective Control of the Upper Extremity Scale (SCUES)

    Tested during the assessment sessions spanning over a 6 to 7 week period.

  • +4 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (4)

CP intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

Force efforts with haptic feedback in virtual reality for participants with CP.

Behavioral: Force efforts with haptic feedback in virtual reality.

CP control group

NO INTERVENTION

Regular activity control group, for participants with CP.

TD intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

Force efforts haptic feedback in virtual reality. The intervention will be the same as the CP intervention group but for typically developing participants.

Behavioral: Force efforts with haptic feedback in virtual reality.

TD control group

NO INTERVENTION

Regular activity control group, same as CP no intervention group, but for typically developing participants.

Interventions

A virtual reality game-based intervention incorporating fully-automated robotic haptic feedback. The study consists of face-to-face assessments of movement before, after, and one-month following the completion of the six-session game-based intervention. Children with spastic/dystonic cerebral palsy between the ages of 7 and 17 will be recruited for this study along with a group of typically developing children in the same age range. Both groups of children will be randomly allocated into an intervention or control group using a blocked randomization method.

CP intervention groupTD intervention group

Eligibility Criteria

Age7 Years - 17 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17)

You may qualify if:

  • Between ages 7 and 17
  • Have been diagnosed with dystonic or spastic/dystonic cerebral palsy, for the cerebral palsy groups, or have no neuromuscular conditions, for typically developing groups
  • Have mild to no difficulty understanding conversations compared to others of the same age
  • Communicates age appropriately or with some difficulty but a new listener can understand
  • Have no uncorrected vision
  • Have hearing without the need of a hearing aid
  • Have no other neural, neuromuscular, or musculoskeletal conditions
  • Participation in stable school and/or private physical or occupational therapy with a frequency no greater than two sessions per week, for cerebral palsy groups
  • Have no changes in medication for the six months previous to enrollment in the study
  • Be medically stable
  • Have no other concurrent illness
  • Have not received any Botox treatment within three months previous to the initiation of the study
  • No use of cardiac pacemakers, hearing aids, or another electronic implanted device
  • Absence of allergy to silver or skin adhesives
  • Have never had seizures
  • +1 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Urbana, Illinois, 61801, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (54)

  • Christensen D, Van Naarden Braun K, Doernberg NS, Maenner MJ, Arneson CL, Durkin MS, Benedict RE, Kirby RS, Wingate MS, Fitzgerald R, Yeargin-Allsopp M. Prevalence of cerebral palsy, co-occurring autism spectrum disorders, and motor functioning - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, USA, 2008. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2014 Jan;56(1):59-65. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12268. Epub 2013 Oct 1.

    PMID: 24117446BACKGROUND
  • Paneth N. Establishing the diagnosis of cerebral palsy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Dec;51(4):742-8. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e318187081a.

    PMID: 18981799BACKGROUND
  • Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A, Goldstein M, Bax M, Damiano D, Dan B, Jacobsson B. A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl. 2007 Feb;109:8-14.

    PMID: 17370477BACKGROUND
  • Liptak GS. Health and well being of adults with cerebral palsy. Curr Opin Neurol. 2008 Apr;21(2):136-42. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e3282f6a499.

    PMID: 18317270BACKGROUND
  • Rice J, Skuza P, Baker F, Russo R, Fehlings D. Identification and measurement of dystonia in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Dec;59(12):1249-1255. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13502. Epub 2017 Aug 8.

    PMID: 28786476BACKGROUND
  • Sanger TD, Delgado MR, Gaebler-Spira D, Hallett M, Mink JW; Task Force on Childhood Motor Disorders. Classification and definition of disorders causing hypertonia in childhood. Pediatrics. 2003 Jan;111(1):e89-97. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.1.e89.

    PMID: 12509602BACKGROUND
  • Sanger TD. Arm trajectories in dyskinetic cerebral palsy have increased random variability. J Child Neurol. 2006 Jul;21(7):551-7. doi: 10.1177/08830738060210070201.

    PMID: 16970842BACKGROUND
  • Sellier E, Platt MJ, Andersen GL, Krageloh-Mann I, De La Cruz J, Cans C; Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy Network. Decreasing prevalence in cerebral palsy: a multi-site European population-based study, 1980 to 2003. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2016 Jan;58(1):85-92. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12865. Epub 2015 Aug 28.

    PMID: 26330098BACKGROUND
  • Graham HK, Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Dan B, Lin JP, Damiano DL, Becher JG, Gaebler-Spira D, Colver A, Reddihough DS, Crompton KE, Lieber RL. Cerebral palsy. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016 Jan 7;2:15082. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.82.

    PMID: 27188686BACKGROUND
  • Cramer SC, Sur M, Dobkin BH, O'Brien C, Sanger TD, Trojanowski JQ, Rumsey JM, Hicks R, Cameron J, Chen D, Chen WG, Cohen LG, deCharms C, Duffy CJ, Eden GF, Fetz EE, Filart R, Freund M, Grant SJ, Haber S, Kalivas PW, Kolb B, Kramer AF, Lynch M, Mayberg HS, McQuillen PS, Nitkin R, Pascual-Leone A, Reuter-Lorenz P, Schiff N, Sharma A, Shekim L, Stryker M, Sullivan EV, Vinogradov S. Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications. Brain. 2011 Jun;134(Pt 6):1591-609. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr039. Epub 2011 Apr 10.

    PMID: 21482550BACKGROUND
  • Sukal-Moulton T, Clancy T, Zhang LQ, Gaebler-Spira D. Clinical application of a robotic ankle training program for cerebral palsy compared to the research laboratory application: does it translate to practice? Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Aug;95(8):1433-40. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.04.010. Epub 2014 May 2.

    PMID: 24792141BACKGROUND
  • Beveridge B, Feltracco D, Struyf J, Strauss E, Dang S, Phelan S, Wright FV, Gibson BE. "You gotta try it all": Parents' Experiences with Robotic Gait Training for their Children with Cerebral Palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2015;35(4):327-41. doi: 10.3109/01942638.2014.990547. Epub 2014 Dec 20.

    PMID: 25529412BACKGROUND
  • Chen K, Ren Y, Gaebler-Spira D, Zhang LQ. Home-based tele-assisted robotic rehabilitation of joint impairments in children with cerebral palsy. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2014;2014:5288-91. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2014.6944819.

    PMID: 25571187BACKGROUND
  • Krebs HI, Fasoli SE, Dipietro L, Fragala-Pinkham M, Hughes R, Stein J, Hogan N. Motor learning characterizes habilitation of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2012 Sep;26(7):855-60. doi: 10.1177/1545968311433427. Epub 2012 Feb 13.

    PMID: 22331211BACKGROUND
  • Fasoli SE, Fragala-Pinkham M, Hughes R, Krebs HI, Hogan N, Stein J. Robotic therapy and botulinum toxin type A: a novel intervention approach for cerebral palsy. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Dec;87(12):1022-5. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e31817fb346.

    PMID: 18617860BACKGROUND
  • Sanger TD, Kaiser J, Placek B. Reaching movements in childhood dystonia contain signal-dependent noise. J Child Neurol. 2005 Jun;20(6):489-96. doi: 10.1177/088307380502000604.

    PMID: 15996397BACKGROUND
  • Jankovic J. Treatment of dystonia. Lancet Neurol. 2006 Oct;5(10):864-72. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70574-9.

    PMID: 16987733BACKGROUND
  • Damiano DL, DeJong SL. A systematic review of the effectiveness of treadmill training and body weight support in pediatric rehabilitation. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2009 Mar;33(1):27-44. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0b013e31819800e2.

    PMID: 19265768BACKGROUND
  • Scianni A, Butler JM, Ada L, Teixeira-Salmela LF. Muscle strengthening is not effective in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother. 2009;55(2):81-7. doi: 10.1016/s0004-9514(09)70037-6.

    PMID: 19463078BACKGROUND
  • Deon LL, Gaebler-Spira D. Assessment and treatment of movement disorders in children with cerebral palsy. Orthop Clin North Am. 2010 Oct;41(4):507-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2010.06.001.

    PMID: 20868881BACKGROUND
  • Bertucco M, Sanger TD. Current and emerging strategies for treatment of childhood dystonia. J Hand Ther. 2015 Apr-Jun;28(2):185-93; quiz 194. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2014.11.002. Epub 2014 Nov 15.

    PMID: 25835254BACKGROUND
  • Fehlings D, Brown L, Harvey A, Himmelmann K, Lin JP, Macintosh A, Mink JW, Monbaliu E, Rice J, Silver J, Switzer L, Walters I. Pharmacological and neurosurgical interventions for managing dystonia in cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Apr;60(4):356-366. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13652. Epub 2018 Feb 6.

    PMID: 29405267BACKGROUND
  • Bird BL, Cataldo MF. Experimental analysis of EMG feedback in treating dystonia. Ann Neurol. 1978 Apr;3(4):310-15. doi: 10.1002/ana.410030406.

    PMID: 666271BACKGROUND
  • Neilson PD, McCaughey J. Self-regulation of spasm and spasticity in cerebral palsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1982 Apr;45(4):320-30. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.45.4.320.

    PMID: 7077341BACKGROUND
  • Deepak KK, Behari M. Specific muscle EMG biofeedback for hand dystonia. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 1999 Dec;24(4):267-80. doi: 10.1023/a:1022239014808.

    PMID: 10789003BACKGROUND
  • Lopez-Ortiz C, Gladden K, Deon L, Schmidt J, Girolami G, Gaebler-Spira D. Dance program for physical rehabilitation and participation in children with cerebral palsy. Arts Health. 2012 Feb 1;4(1):39-54. doi: 10.1080/17533015.2011.564193. Epub 2011 Jun 13.

    PMID: 25431617BACKGROUND
  • Yamada K, Yamada Z, Nakazawa S, Matsuoka S. [Determination of FDP by staphylococcal clumping test and the significance of the method in consumption coagulopathy]. Rinsho Ketsueki. 1972 Jun;13(3):411-4. No abstract available. Japanese.

    PMID: 4674971BACKGROUND
  • Jobin A, Levin MF. Regulation of stretch reflex threshold in elbow flexors in children with cerebral palsy: a new measure of spasticity. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2000 Aug;42(8):531-40. doi: 10.1017/s0012162200001018.

    PMID: 10981931BACKGROUND
  • Monbaliu E, Ortibus E, De Cat J, Dan B, Heyrman L, Prinzie P, De Cock P, Feys H. The Dyskinesia Impairment Scale: a new instrument to measure dystonia and choreoathetosis in dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012 Mar;54(3):278-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04209.x.

    PMID: 22428172BACKGROUND
  • Stewart K, Harvey A, Johnston LM. A systematic review of scales to measure dystonia and choreoathetosis in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Aug;59(8):786-795. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13452. Epub 2017 May 9.

    PMID: 28485494BACKGROUND
  • Wagner LV, Davids JR, Hardin JW. Selective Control of the Upper Extremity Scale: validation of a clinical assessment tool for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2016 Jun;58(6):612-7. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12949. Epub 2015 Nov 3.

    PMID: 26526592BACKGROUND
  • Thorley M, Lannin N, Cusick A, Novak I, Boyd R. Reliability of the quality of upper extremity skills test for children with cerebral palsy aged 2 to 12 years. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2012 Feb;32(1):4-21. doi: 10.3109/01942638.2011.602389. Epub 2011 Aug 15.

    PMID: 21838618BACKGROUND
  • Law M, Cadman D, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, Russell D, DeMatteo C. Neurodevelopmental therapy and upper-extremity inhibitive casting for children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1991 May;33(5):379-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14897.x.

    PMID: 2065824BACKGROUND
  • Klingels K, De Cock P, Desloovere K, Huenaerts C, Molenaers G, Van Nuland I, Huysmans A, Feys H. Comparison of the Melbourne Assessment of Unilateral Upper Limb Function and the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test in hemiplegic CP. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2008 Dec;50(12):904-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03123.x. Epub 2008 Sep 20.

    PMID: 18811701BACKGROUND
  • Mehrholz J, Wagner K, Meissner D, Grundmann K, Zange C, Koch R, Pohl M. Reliability of the Modified Tardieu Scale and the Modified Ashworth Scale in adult patients with severe brain injury: a comparison study. Clin Rehabil. 2005 Oct;19(7):751-9. doi: 10.1191/0269215505cr889oa.

    PMID: 16250194BACKGROUND
  • Wolf AC, Tate RL, Lannin NA, Middleton J, Lane-Brown A, Cameron ID. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale, WHODAS II: reliability and validity in the measurement of activity and participation in a spinal cord injury population. J Rehabil Med. 2012 Sep;44(9):747-55. doi: 10.2340/16501977-1016.

    PMID: 22854805BACKGROUND
  • Young SJ, van Doornik J, Sanger TD. Finger muscle control in children with dystonia. Mov Disord. 2011 Jun;26(7):1290-6. doi: 10.1002/mds.23534. Epub 2011 Mar 29.

    PMID: 21449015BACKGROUND
  • Frascarelli F, Masia L, Di Rosa G, Cappa P, Petrarca M, Castelli E, Krebs HI. The impact of robotic rehabilitation in children with acquired or congenital movement disorders. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2009 Mar;45(1):135-41.

    PMID: 19293759BACKGROUND
  • Weightman A, Preston N, Levesley M, Holt R, Mon-Williams M, Clarke M, Cozens AJ, Bhakta B. Home based computer-assisted upper limb exercise for young children with cerebral palsy: a feasibility study investigating impact on motor control and functional outcome. J Rehabil Med. 2011 Mar;43(4):359-63. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0679.

    PMID: 21347508BACKGROUND
  • Chen YP, Howard AM. Effects of robotic therapy on upper-extremity function in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review. Dev Neurorehabil. 2016;19(1):64-71. doi: 10.3109/17518423.2014.899648. Epub 2014 Apr 11.

    PMID: 24724587BACKGROUND
  • Gilliaux M, Renders A, Dispa D, Holvoet D, Sapin J, Dehez B, Detrembleur C, Lejeune TM, Stoquart G. Upper limb robot-assisted therapy in cerebral palsy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2015 Feb;29(2):183-92. doi: 10.1177/1545968314541172. Epub 2014 Jul 11.

    PMID: 25015650BACKGROUND
  • Tong LZ, Ong HT, Tan JX, Lin J, Burdet E, Ge SS, Teo CL. Pediatric rehabilitation with the reachMAN's modular handle. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2015;2015:3933-6. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7319254.

    PMID: 26737154BACKGROUND
  • Preston N, Weightman A, Gallagher J, Holt R, Clarke M, Mon-Williams M, Levesley M, Bhakta B. Feasibility of school-based computer-assisted robotic gaming technology for upper limb rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2016;11(4):281-8. doi: 10.3109/17483107.2014.932020. Epub 2014 Jun 25.

    PMID: 24964205BACKGROUND
  • Kluzik J, Fetters L, Coryell J. Quantification of control: a preliminary study of effects of neurodevelopmental treatment on reaching in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Phys Ther. 1990 Feb;70(2):65-76; discussion 76-8. doi: 10.1093/ptj/70.2.65.

    PMID: 2296614BACKGROUND
  • Volman MJ, Wijnroks A, Vermeer A. Effect of task context on reaching performance in children with spastic hemiparesis. Clin Rehabil. 2002 Sep;16(6):684-92. doi: 10.1191/0269215502cr540oa.

    PMID: 12392345BACKGROUND
  • Johansson AM, Domellof E, Ronnqvist L. Short- and long-term effects of synchronized metronome training in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a two case study. Dev Neurorehabil. 2012;15(2):160-9. doi: 10.3109/17518423.2011.635608. Epub 2012 Feb 1.

    PMID: 22296344BACKGROUND
  • Lebiedowska MK, Gaebler-Spira D, Burns RS, Fisk JR. Biomechanic characteristics of patients with spastic and dystonic hypertonia in cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jun;85(6):875-80. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2003.06.032.

    PMID: 15179639BACKGROUND
  • Gordon LM, Keller JL, Stashinko EE, Hoon AH, Bastian AJ. Can spasticity and dystonia be independently measured in cerebral palsy? Pediatr Neurol. 2006 Dec;35(6):375-81. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.06.015.

    PMID: 17138005BACKGROUND
  • Kim Y, Bulea TC, Damiano DL. Children With Cerebral Palsy Have Greater Stride-to-Stride Variability of Muscle Synergies During Gait Than Typically Developing Children: Implications for Motor Control Complexity. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2018 Sep;32(9):834-844. doi: 10.1177/1545968318796333.

    PMID: 30223739BACKGROUND
  • Berardelli A, Rothwell JC, Hallett M, Thompson PD, Manfredi M, Marsden CD. The pathophysiology of primary dystonia. Brain. 1998 Jul;121 ( Pt 7):1195-212. doi: 10.1093/brain/121.7.1195.

    PMID: 9679773BACKGROUND
  • Tedroff K, Knutson LM, Soderberg GL. Synergistic muscle activation during maximum voluntary contractions in children with and without spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006 Oct;48(10):789-96. doi: 10.1017/S0012162206001721.

    PMID: 16978457BACKGROUND
  • Quartarone A, Rizzo V, Morgante F. Clinical features of dystonia: a pathophysiological revisitation. Curr Opin Neurol. 2008 Aug;21(4):484-90. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328307bf07.

    PMID: 18607211BACKGROUND
  • Mink JW. Special concerns in defining, studying, and treating dystonia in children. Mov Disord. 2013 Jun 15;28(7):921-5. doi: 10.1002/mds.25548.

    PMID: 23893449BACKGROUND
  • McNish RN, Chembrammel P, Speidel NC, Lin JJ, Lopez-Ortiz C. Rehabilitation for Children With Dystonic Cerebral Palsy Using Haptic Feedback in Virtual Reality: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Jan 14;8(1):e11470. doi: 10.2196/11470.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cerebral Palsy

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain Damage, ChronicBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System Diseases

Study Officials

  • Citlali Lopez-Ortiz

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Citlali Lopez-Ortiz, PhD

CONTACT

Reika McNish, BA

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
Research team members administering clinical assessments will be blinded from participant allocation. Participant's allocation will not be revealed during the course of the study.
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: A group of children with dystonic or spastic/dystonic cerebral palsy and a group of typical developing children will be randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. The control group will only attend assessment sessions whereas the intervention group will attend both the assessment and intervention sessions.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

October 26, 2018

First Posted

November 16, 2018

Study Start

December 1, 2018

Primary Completion

January 1, 2021

Study Completion

January 1, 2021

Last Updated

January 3, 2020

Record last verified: 2019-12

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations