Milk as a Recovery Beverage After Exercise for Improving Metabolic Health

NCT03154216 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 16-300
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 20
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Fasting blood fat levels (triglycerides) are often used to assess risk of heart disease but the level of fats in the blood after a meal is actually a stronger risk factor. Most of our day is spent digesting the food we eat (which takes hours). Therefore, "after meal" blood fat levels have more of an impact on formation of blockages in our arteries and our risk of heart disease compared to "fasting" blood fat levels. Exercise performed hours before a meal reduces the level of fats that appear in the blood after a meal and can be used to reduce our risk of heart disease. Exercise has this effect because muscle burns fats for hours after an exercise session is over; this helps to remove fats from the blood. Unfortunately, when high-sugar drinks (such as Gatorade) are consumed after exercise, the possible benefits of exercise for reducing blood fat levels after meals is lessened. This is because high-sugar drinks stimulate the release of insulin into the blood. Insulin is a hormone which inhibits fat burning at the muscle. Previous research we did showed that foods that result in a slower rise in blood sugar and lower release of insulin preserve the beneficial effects of exercise for lowering blood fat levels after the next meal. Milk also results in a slow rise in blood sugar and low release of insulin; therefore, it may also have this beneficial effect if consumed as a recovery beverage after exercise. Our proposed research will test the effects of consuming two popular exercise-recovery drinks (Milk vs. Gatorade) on the rise in blood fat levels after a meal given hours later. A total of 20 obese or overweight participants will take part. We predict that milk consumed after an exercise session in the evening will result in a lower increase in insulin, a greater amount of fat-burning at muscle and a lower blood fat level after a meal given the next morning. Milk and Gatorade are both promoted as good beverages to promote recovery after exercise. This study will provide evidence about milk as a healthier choice compared to Gatorade and will allow dairy producers to promote health benefits of dairy products.

Conditions

Hyperlipemia, Carbohydrate Inducible

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in blood triglycerides

  Triglyceride levels after a high-fat breakfast

  Change from baseline to 6 hours

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• Change in blood glucose

  Change from baseline to 6 hours

• Change in fat oxidation

  Change from baseline to 6 hours

• Change in low density lipoproteins

  Change from baseline to 6 hours

• Change in high density lipoproteins

  Change from baseline to 6 hours

• Change in total cholesterol

  Change from baseline to 6 hours

Study Arms (4)

Exercise only

EXPERIMENTAL

90 minutes of exercise

Behavioral: Exercise

Exercise and high glycemic index drink

EXPERIMENTAL

90 minutes of exercise followed by consumption of high-glycemic index Gatorade drink matched for calories expended during the exercise

Behavioral: Exercise; Other: Drink

Exercise and low glycemic index drink

EXPERIMENTAL

90 minutes of exercise followed by consumption of low-glycemic index milk drink matched for calories expended during the exercise

Behavioral: Exercise; Other: Drink

No exercise and no beverage

NO INTERVENTION

No exercise and no beverage

Interventions

Exercise BEHAVIORAL

90 minutes of moderate-intensity walking exercise on a treadmill

Exercise and high glycemic index drink; Exercise and low glycemic index drink; Exercise only

Drink OTHER

Beverage to be consumed after exercise

Exercise and high glycemic index drink; Exercise and low glycemic index drink

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 44 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Body mass index of 25 or greater
• years of age

You may not qualify if:

• diabetics
• smokers
• those taking medications for cholesterol or glucose
• those who are allergic to milk

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Saskatchewan: lead
• Dairy Farmers of Canada: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan

Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (SK), S7N5B2, Canada

Location

Related Publications (2)

• Kaviani M, Chilibeck PD, Yee P, Zello GA. The effect of consuming low- versus high-glycemic index meals after exercise on postprandial blood lipid response following a next-day high-fat meal. Nutr Diabetes. 2016 Jul 4;6(7):e216. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.26.

  PMID: 27376698 BACKGROUND

• Gao R, Rapin N, Elnajmi AM, Gordon J, Zello GA, Chilibeck PD. Skim milk as a recovery beverage after exercise is superior to a sports drink for reducing next-day postprandial blood glucose and increasing postprandial fat oxidation. Nutr Res. 2020 Oct;82:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 19.

  PMID: 32977252 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities; Hyperlipoproteinemias; Hyperlipidemias; Dyslipidemias; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Hypertriglyceridemia

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Philip Chilibeck, PhD

  University of Saskatchewan

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 12, 2017
• First Posted: May 16, 2017
• Study Start: May 20, 2017
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2018
• Study Completion: January 1, 2019
• Last Updated: May 7, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

CA (1)