NCT02461498

Brief Summary

Existing practice in emergency departments (ED) in the United Kingdom (UK) for managing patients taking warfarin after a blunt head injury is variable with little research that supports the most appropriate way to manage these patients. The investigators aimed to undertake research in order to understand the range and frequency of outcomes following head injury in this group of patients and to develop robust clinical guidance for how they should be optimally managed in the future.

Trial Health

100
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
3,556

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2011

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2011

Completed
1.7 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 1, 2013

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 1, 2013

Completed
2.2 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 27, 2015

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 3, 2015

Completed
Last Updated

June 3, 2015

Status Verified

May 1, 2015

Enrollment Period

1.7 years

First QC Date

May 27, 2015

Last Update Submit

May 29, 2015

Conditions

Craniocerebral TraumaHead Injuries, Closed

Keywords

Warfarin

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Rate of head injury complication in study cohort

    Head injury complications defined as death or neurosurgery resulting from the initial injury, a clinically-significant CT scan finding or re-attendance to the ED with a significant head injury-related complication up to 10 weeks after the original attendance.

    18 months

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Prevalence of ongoing symptoms relating to the head injury

    18 months

  • Prevalence of ongoing symptoms relating to the head injury

    18 months

  • Prevalence of ongoing symptoms relating to the head injury

    18 months

  • Identification of early predictors of adverse clinical outcome

    18 months

Eligibility Criteria

Age16 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

Adults who attend participating emergency departments (ED) with a head injury and also prescribed warfarin

You may qualify if:

  • years or older
  • Blunt head trauma above the neck within 24 hours of ED attendance
  • Prescribed warfarin

You may not qualify if:

  • Penetrating injuries to the head, for example knife wound.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Related Publications (25)

  • Saab M, Gray A, Hodgkinson D, Irfan M. Warfarin and the apparent minor head injury. J Accid Emerg Med. 1996 May;13(3):208-9. doi: 10.1136/emj.13.3.208.

    PMID: 8733663BACKGROUND

  • Stiell IG, Wells GA, Vandemheen K, Clement C, Lesiuk H, Laupacis A, McKnight RD, Verbeek R, Brison R, Cass D, Eisenhauer ME, Greenberg G, Worthington J. The Canadian CT Head Rule for patients with minor head injury. Lancet. 2001 May 5;357(9266):1391-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04561-x.

    PMID: 11356436BACKGROUND

  • Haydel MJ, Preston CA, Mills TJ, Luber S, Blaudeau E, DeBlieux PM. Indications for computed tomography in patients with minor head injury. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jul 13;343(2):100-5. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200007133430204.

    PMID: 10891517BACKGROUND

  • Mower WR, Hoffman JR, Herbert M, Wolfson AB, Pollack CV Jr, Zucker MI; NEXUS II Investigators. National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study. Developing a clinical decision instrument to rule out intracranial injuries in patients with minor head trauma: methodology of the NEXUS II investigation. Ann Emerg Med. 2002 Nov;40(5):505-14. doi: 10.1067/mem.2002.129245.

    PMID: 12399794BACKGROUND

  • Volans AP. The risks of minor head injury in the warfarinised patient. J Accid Emerg Med. 1998 May;15(3):159-61. doi: 10.1136/emj.15.3.159.

    PMID: 9639176BACKGROUND

  • Hart RG, Boop BS, Anderson DC. Oral anticoagulants and intracranial hemorrhage. Facts and hypotheses. Stroke. 1995 Aug;26(8):1471-7. doi: 10.1161/01.str.26.8.1471.

    PMID: 7631356BACKGROUND

  • Hylek EM, Singer DE. Risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in outpatients taking warfarin. Ann Intern Med. 1994 Jun 1;120(11):897-902. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00001.

    PMID: 8172435BACKGROUND

  • Ferrera PC, Bartfield JM. Outcomes of anticoagulated trauma patients. Am J Emerg Med. 1999 Mar;17(2):154-6. doi: 10.1016/s0735-6757(99)90050-5.

    PMID: 10102316BACKGROUND

  • Mathiesen T, Benediktsdottir K, Johnsson H, Lindqvist M, von Holst H. Intracranial traumatic and non-traumatic haemorrhagic complications of warfarin treatment. Acta Neurol Scand. 1995 Mar;91(3):208-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00436.x.

    PMID: 7793238BACKGROUND

  • National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK). Head Injury: Triage, Assessment, Investigation and Early Management of Head Injury in Infants, Children and Adults. London: National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK); 2007 Sep. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53036/

    PMID: 21563330BACKGROUND

  • Wilson JT, Pettigrew LE, Teasdale GM. Structured interviews for the Glasgow Outcome Scale and the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale: guidelines for their use. J Neurotrauma. 1998 Aug;15(8):573-85. doi: 10.1089/neu.1998.15.573.

    PMID: 9726257BACKGROUND

  • EuroQol Group. EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy. 1990 Dec;16(3):199-208. doi: 10.1016/0168-8510(90)90421-9.

    PMID: 10109801BACKGROUND

  • Landefeld CS, Beyth RJ. Anticoagulant-related bleeding: clinical epidemiology, prediction, and prevention. Am J Med. 1993 Sep;95(3):315-28. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(93)90285-w.

    PMID: 8368229BACKGROUND

  • Fortuna GR, Mueller EW, James LE, Shutter LA, Butler KL. The impact of preinjury antiplatelet and anticoagulant pharmacotherapy on outcomes in elderly patients with hemorrhagic brain injury. Surgery. 2008 Oct;144(4):598-603; discussion 603-5. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2008.06.009. Epub 2008 Aug 29.

    PMID: 18847644BACKGROUND

  • Li J, Brown J, Levine M. Mild head injury, anticoagulants, and risk of intracranial injury. Lancet. 2001 Mar 10;357(9258):771-2. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04163-5.

    PMID: 11253975BACKGROUND

  • Gittleman AM, Ortiz AO, Keating DP, Katz DS. Indications for CT in patients receiving anticoagulation after head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005 Mar;26(3):603-6.

    PMID: 15760873BACKGROUND

  • Lavoie A, Ratte S, Clas D, Demers J, Moore L, Martin M, Bergeron E. Preinjury warfarin use among elderly patients with closed head injuries in a trauma center. J Trauma. 2004 Apr;56(4):802-7. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000066183.02177.af.

    PMID: 15187746BACKGROUND

  • Fabbri A, Vandelli A, Servadei F, Marchesini G. Coagulopathy and NICE recommendations for patients with mild head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Dec;75(12):1787-8. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.041384. No abstract available.

    PMID: 15548511BACKGROUND

  • Teasdale G, Murray G, Parker L, Jennett B. Adding up the Glasgow Coma Score. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1979;28(1):13-6. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-4088-8_2. No abstract available.

    PMID: 290137BACKGROUND

  • Fenwick E, Claxton K, Sculpher M. Representing uncertainty: the role of cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Health Econ. 2001 Dec;10(8):779-87. doi: 10.1002/hec.635.

    PMID: 11747057BACKGROUND

  • Felli JC, Hazen GB. Sensitivity analysis and the expected value of perfect information. Med Decis Making. 1998 Jan-Mar;18(1):95-109. doi: 10.1177/0272989X9801800117.

    PMID: 9456214BACKGROUND

  • Ades AE, Lu G, Claxton K. Expected value of sample information calculations in medical decision modeling. Med Decis Making. 2004 Mar-Apr;24(2):207-27. doi: 10.1177/0272989X04263162.

    PMID: 15090106BACKGROUND

  • Wilson JT, Edwards P, Fiddes H, Stewart E, Teasdale GM. Reliability of postal questionnaires for the Glasgow Outcome Scale. J Neurotrauma. 2002 Sep;19(9):999-1005. doi: 10.1089/089771502760341910.

    PMID: 12482113BACKGROUND

  • Mason S, Kuczawski M, Teare MD, Stevenson M, Goodacre S, Ramlakhan S, Morris F, Rothwell J. AHEAD Study: an observational study of the management of anticoagulated patients who suffer head injury. BMJ Open. 2017 Jan 13;7(1):e014324. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014324.

    PMID: 28087556DERIVED

  • Kuczawski M, Stevenson M, Goodacre S, Teare MD, Ramlakhan S, Morris F, Mason S. Should all anticoagulated patients with head injury receive a CT scan? Decision-analysis modelling of an observational cohort. BMJ Open. 2016 Dec 13;6(12):e013742. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013742.

    PMID: 27974370DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Craniocerebral TraumaHead Injuries, Closed

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Trauma, Nervous SystemNervous System DiseasesWounds and InjuriesWounds, Nonpenetrating

Study Officials

  • Suzanne Mason, MD

    University of Sheffield

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Emergency Medicine

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 27, 2015

First Posted

June 3, 2015

Study Start

July 1, 2011

Primary Completion

March 1, 2013

Study Completion

March 1, 2013

Last Updated

June 3, 2015

Record last verified: 2015-05