Effect of MCT Emulsification on Ketogenesis in Human Adults

NCT02409927 | Completed Results

• 1 other identifier: 2014-391
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 10
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

Lower brain glucose uptake is present before the onset of cognitive deterioration and may increase the risk of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Ketones are the brain's main alternative energy substrates. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) are rapidly beta-oxidized and are ketogenic. Large doses of MCT oil are linked to gastro-intestinal side effects due to incomplete absorption so the investigators examined whether homogenisation into a skim milk matrix (MCT-H) would both improve ketogenesis and reduce side-effects compared to MCT taken without homogenisation into a matrix (bulk MCT \[MCT-B\]). Hypotheses: (i) MCT-H will be better absorbed compared to MCT-B, so MCT-H will result in higher ketonemia and lower side effects in healthy adults. (ii) The effects of MCT-B and MCT-H on ketogenesis will be dose-dependent.

Conditions

Healthy

Keywords

Medium-chain triglycerides; Metabolism; Ketones; Lipids; Emulsification

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Plasma Ketone Concentration

  Average of total ketones (beta-hydroxynutyrate + acetoacetate) measured in plasma, measured every 30 minutes for hours following intake of the different supplements

  Average of every 30 minutes for 4 hours following intake of supplement

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Plasma Glucose Concentration

  Average of every 30 minutes for 4 hours following intake of supplement

• Plasma Free Fatty Acids Concentration

  average of 4 hours following intake of supplement

• Plasma Insuline Concentration

  average of 4 hours following intake of supplement

• Number of Participants With Side Effects for Each Visit

  During the 4 hours following intake of supplement

Study Arms (1)

Healthy participant

OTHER

Each participant undergo 7 metabolic day, separate by at least 3 days, where they received a different dietary supplement on each day: control (no supplement), MCT oil 10g, MCT oil 20g, MCT oil 30g (provided from pure MCT oil), MCT homogenate 10g, MCT homogenate 20g, MCT homogenate 30g (provided by a 10% MCT homogenate emulsion)

Dietary Supplement: MCT oil 10g; Dietary Supplement: MCT homogenate 10g; Dietary Supplement: Control; Dietary Supplement: MCT oil 20g; Dietary Supplement: MCT homogenate 20g; Dietary Supplement: MCT oil 30g; Dietary Supplement: MCT homogenate 30g

Interventions

MCT oil 10g DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

10 g of pure MCT oil mixed with skim milk in a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

MCT homogenate 10g DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

10g provided by 10% MCT homogenate mixed with skim milk in a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

Control DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

vehicule (skim milk) with a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

MCT oil 20g DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

20g of pure MCT oil mixed with skim milk in a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

MCT homogenate 20g DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

20g provided by 10% MCT homogenate mixed with skim milk in a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

MCT oil 30g DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

30g of 100% pure MCT oil mixed with skim milk in a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

MCT homogenate 30g DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

30g provided by 10% MCT homogenate mixed with skim milk in a standardized breakfast

Healthy participant

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• aged 18 years or more

You may not qualify if:

• smoker
• pregnancy or breastfeeding
• diabetes or insulin resistance
• uncontrolled thyroid disease, hepatic or renal disease
• uncontrolled high blood pressure
• medical treatment influencing lipid or glucide metabolism
• ongoing or past severe drug or alcohol abuse
• dementia or psychiatric difficulties or depression
• chronic immune condition or inflammation

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Université de Sherbrooke: lead

Related Publications (1)

• Courchesne-Loyer A, Lowry CM, St-Pierre V, Vandenberghe C, Fortier M, Castellano CA, Wagner JR, Cunnane SC. Emulsification Increases the Acute Ketogenic Effect and Bioavailability of Medium-Chain Triglycerides in Humans: Protein, Carbohydrate, and Fat Metabolism. Curr Dev Nutr. 2017 Jun 21;1(7):e000851. doi: 10.3945/cdn.117.000851. eCollection 2017 Jul.

  PMID: 29955713 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Ketosis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Acidosis; Acid-Base Imbalance; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Pr. Stephen Cunnane
• Organization: Université de Sherbrooke

stephen.cunnane@usherbrooke.ca

819-780-2220

Study Officials

• Stephen C Cunnane, PhD

  Université de Sherbrooke

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: Yes

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Each participant underwent 7 metabolic day (1-day visit), each visit separate by a minimum of 3 day

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 27, 2015
• First Posted: April 7, 2015
• Study Start: July 1, 2013
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2014
• Study Completion: September 1, 2014
• Last Updated: February 11, 2019
• Results First Posted: December 17, 2018

Record last verified: 2015-05