The Effect of Snack Consumption on Energy Intake in Preschoolers

NCT02207049 | Active Not Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: 9564 B
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 20
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this pilot study will be to examine the influence of providing snacks on consumption of overall energy intake in children aged 2-5 years in the Early Learning Center (ELC) at the University of Tennessee.

Conditions

Energy Intake; Snacks; Children, Preschool

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Total calories of the food and beverages consumed.

  Total calories of food and beverage consumed by participants over the 3-week study (with 1 day of food and beverage per week) period will be determined by subtracting pre- and post-consumption weight of the food and beverage provided and multiplied by the energy density of each respective food and beverage.

  3 weeks

Study Arms (3)

Three Meals (TM)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Preschoolers will be provided their caloric needs within three meals.

Behavioral: No Snacking

Meal plus Snack (M+S)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Preschoolers will be provided three meals and two snacks, with total amount of food provided in the day the same as the Three Meal (TM) arm.

Behavioral: Snacking

Three Meal plus Snack (TM+S)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Preschoolers will be provided three meals and two snacks with total amount provided in the meals equal to the Three Meal (TM) arm and total amount provided in the snacks equal to Meal plus Snacks (M+S) arm.

Behavioral: Snacking

Interventions

Snacking BEHAVIORAL

Snacks will be provided to preschoolers, either as part of total caloric needs or above total caloric needs

Meal plus Snack (M+S); Three Meal plus Snack (TM+S)

No Snacking BEHAVIORAL

Caloric needs will be provided to preschoolers within three meals

Three Meals (TM)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 3 Years - 5 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• to- 5 years of age
• enrolled at the Early Learning Center for the full day program
• have guardian consent to participate
• like the foods served

You may not qualify if:

• have allergies or intolerances to the foods being served
• not able to use a spoon
• did not attend all feeding sessions

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The University of Tennessee, Knoxville: lead

Study Sites (1)

Healthy Eating and Activity Laboratory

Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, United States

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Allen RE, Myers AL. Nutrition in toddlers. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Nov 1;74(9):1527-32.

  PMID: 17111891 BACKGROUND

• Smith-Petersen MN, Larson CB, Cochran W. Local chemotherapy with primary closure of septic wounds by means of drainage and irrigation cannulae : M. N. Smith-Petersen MD (1886-1953), Carroll B. Larson MD, Williams Cochran MD . The 12th president of the AAOS 1943 (MNS-P). Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008 Jan;466(1):104-12. doi: 10.1007/s11999-007-0023-4.

  PMID: 18196379 BACKGROUND

• Ford CN, Slining MM, Popkin BM. Trends in dietary intake among US 2- to 6-year-old children, 1989-2008. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013 Jan;113(1):35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.08.022.

  PMID: 23260722 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Snacks

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Meals; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• Hollie A Raynor, PhD, RD, LDN

  University of Tennesseem Knoxville

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 30, 2014
• First Posted: August 1, 2014
• Study Start: September 1, 2014
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2018
• Study Completion: December 31, 2025
• Last Updated: April 3, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-04

Locations

US (1)