NCT01718730

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to learn if measures of brain activity are different in children and adolescents with depression who are in different stages of treatment. This is important because it may identify a biological marker for depression that could one day be used to identify depressed children who would benefit from certain treatments (medications for example), or to monitor how well treatments are working. Brain activity measures(known as cortical excitability and inhibition) will be collected by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). TMS is a noninvasive (no surgery or implants) brain stimulation technology which can make parts of the brain work without putting any wires or chemicals into the body. Measurements will take place over one 3-hour visit. This study does not provide any form of treatment. \*There is an optional portion of the study that uses a brain scan to gather measures of brain structure and brain chemicals. The brain scan is called magnetic resonance and spectroscopy (MRI/MRS). MRI/MRS uses magnetic fields to study the structure of the brain and brain chemicals. The PI will determine eligibility for the MRI/MRS portion of the study.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
23

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2012

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 1, 2012

Completed
28 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

October 29, 2012

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 31, 2012

Completed
6.8 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 1, 2019

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 1, 2019

Completed
Last Updated

October 22, 2019

Status Verified

October 1, 2019

Enrollment Period

6.8 years

First QC Date

October 29, 2012

Last Update Submit

October 20, 2019

Conditions

Keywords

TMSAdolescentChildMDDMajor depressive disorderMild MDDMild depressionSSRIMotor cortexCortical excitabilityCortical inhibitionCortical silent periodMotor thresholdIntracortical facilitationIntracortical inhibitiongamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)GlutamateN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)Magnetic resonance spectroscopyMRS

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Cortical Excitability and Inhibition at Motor Cortex

    Motor Threshold (MT) is a single-pulse TMS measure of cortical excitability. A higher MT indicates decreased cortical excitability. Intracortical Facilitation (ICF) is a paired-pulse TMS measure of cortical excitability. A higher ICF indicates increased cortical excitability. Cortical Silent Period (CSP) is a single-pulse TMS measure of cortical inhibition. Longer CSP durations indicate greater cortical inhibition. Intracortical Inhibition (ICI) is a paired pulse TMS measure of cortical inhibition. A lower ICI indicates increased cortical inhibition, and a higher ICI indicates decreased cortical inhibition.

    Baseline

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Glutamate Concentrations in the Motor Cortex and Anterior Cingulate Cortex

    Baseline

Study Arms (4)

Mild depression

Subjects with mild, but clinically significant depression

Device: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)Device: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Moderate to Severe MDD

Subjects with moderate to severe major depressive disorder who have not yet initiated treatment with an SSRI

Device: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)Device: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

MDD with response to SSRI

Subjects with moderate to severe major depressive disorder that has responded to an SSRI

Device: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)Device: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

MDD without response to SSRI

Subjects with moderate to severe major depressive disorder which has not responded to treatment with an SSRI

Device: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)Device: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Interventions

Single and paired-pulse TMS applied to the motor cortex will collect measures of cortical excitability and inhibition.

Also known as: Device: Magstim Model 200
MDD with response to SSRIMDD without response to SSRIMild depressionModerate to Severe MDD

MRS/MRI Scans will examine glutamate concentrations in the motor cortex and anterior cingulate cortex.

Also known as: MRS/MRI
MDD with response to SSRIMDD without response to SSRIMild depressionModerate to Severe MDD

Eligibility Criteria

Age13 Years - 21 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

This protocol will plan to screen depressed children and adolescents who are seeking treatment at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. These adolescents will represent gender and minority distribution consistent with the Rochester metro/rural area demographic distribution. This study will be inclusive of all races, genders, and socioeconomic classes.

You may qualify if:

  • Adolescents from the ages of 13 to 21, male or female.
  • Subjects with MDD (groups 2, 3, and 4):
  • Must have a Children's Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R) score of 40 or higher
  • Must have a Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S) score of 4 or higher.
  • Group 1: (50 subjects): Subjects who have mild (CDRS-R score \< 40) but clinically significant depression.
  • Group 2: (50 subjects): Subjects with moderate to severe MDD who have not yet initiated treatment with an SSRI.
  • Group 3: (50 subjects): Subjects with moderate to severe MDD that has responded to treatment with an SSRI.
  • Group 4: (50 subjects): Subjects with moderate to severe MDD which has not responded to treatment with an SSRI.
  • Capable of providing informed assent (consent if age 18) in addition to consent by parent or guardian.
  • Subjects and at least 1 parent must be fluent in English.

You may not qualify if:

  • Primary Axis I or II disorder other than MDD.
  • Unprovoked seizure history, seizure disorder, history of febrile seizures, family history of epilepsy.
  • Any significant findings on the TMS Adult Safety Screen (TASS) or contraindications to MRI/MRS
  • Subjects who are judged by the Principal Investigator to be at imminent risk for self harm or suicide as indicated by interview or C-SSRS.
  • Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy in females.
  • Metal in the head (except the mouth\*), implanted medication pumps, cardiac pacemaker.
  • \* Subjects with braces will be excluded from MRI/MRS portion of study only
  • Prior brain surgery.
  • Risk for increased intracranial pressure such as a brain tumor.
  • Any unstable medical condition.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Croarkin PE, Nakonezny PA, Husain MM, Port JD, Melton T, Kennard BD, Emslie GJ, Kozel FA, Daskalakis ZJ. Evidence for pretreatment LICI deficits among depressed children and adolescents with nonresponse to fluoxetine. Brain Stimul. 2014 Mar-Apr;7(2):243-51. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2013.11.006. Epub 2013 Dec 3.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Depressive Disorder, MajorRecurrenceLymphoma, Follicular

Interventions

Transcranial Magnetic StimulationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDiagnostic Imaging

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Depressive DisorderMood DisordersMental DisordersDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsLymphoma, Non-HodgkinLymphomaNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsLymphoproliferative DisordersLymphatic DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic DiseasesImmunoproliferative DisordersImmune System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Magnetic Field TherapyTherapeuticsSpectrum AnalysisChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalInvestigative TechniquesDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosis

Study Officials

  • Paul E Croarkin, D.O.

    Mayo Clinic

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE CONTROL
Time Perspective
CROSS SECTIONAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
PI

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

October 29, 2012

First Posted

October 31, 2012

Study Start

October 1, 2012

Primary Completion

August 1, 2019

Study Completion

August 1, 2019

Last Updated

October 22, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-10

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations