Metabolic Differences of Overweight Children and Children of Overweight Parents

NCT00001522 | Completed

• 2 other identifiers: 96010196-CH-0101
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 246
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study focuses on the way weight is gained. Individuals who gain weight primarily in their midsection (visceral weight) are at an increased risk for developing diabetes and high blood pressure. Research has shown that African Americans suffer more often from high blood pressure, diabetes (non-insulin dependent), and heart disease than Caucasian Americans. These conditions lead to significant numbers of deaths and diseases associated with and made worse by obesity. African American women in particular suffer from obesity and the associated conditions of obesity more than any other race or gender. However, it is unknown if the conditions seen in African American women are a result of the obesity or differences in their insulin sensitivity, glucose disposal, or fat metabolism. This study will compare body composition, total and resting energy expenditure, and glucose disposal of obese African American and Caucasian children and of non-obese children of obese African American and Caucasian parents, to characterize the timing and nature of factors that may contribute to the prevalence of obesity and its complications. Patients participating in this study will be followed for 15 years and be evaluated every 5 years during the study.\<TAB\>

Conditions

Obesity

Keywords

Insulin Resistance; Race; Body Fat; Body Composition; Obesity

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Adiposity

  Yearly for 15 years

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 6 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Good general health. Individuals with renal, hepatic, most endocrinologic (e.g. hypothyroidism, or Cushing syndrome), or pulmonary disorders (other than mild asthma not requiring chronic medication) will be excluded.
• For obese subjects, body mass index for age above the 85th percentile (determined by NHANES I age-, sex-, and race-special data). For normal weight subjects of obese parents, body mass index (determined by NHANES I age-, sex-, and race- specific data) between the 5th and 85th percentile and both parents' current body mass index above 25 kg/m(2), or a history of a body mass index above 25 kg/m(2).
• No significant psychiatric illness.
• At initial visit, Tanner I (prepubertal) or Tanner II (early pubertal) pubic hair and breast stage of development for girls, and Tanner I or Tanner II pubic hair and testes size (6ml) for boys.
• Subjects must be able to undergo MRI. Volunteers with metal in their bodies that are contraindications for MRI will be excluded. These include cardiac pacemakers, neural pacemakers, aneurysmal clips, shrapnel, ocular foreign bodies, cochlear implants, non-detachable electronic or electromechanical devices (such as infusion pumps, nerve stimulators, bone growth stimulators, etc.).
• Age 6 to12 years at the start of the study.
• For girls who have been followed to an age when they are menstruating (or are of an age when pregnancy is a possibility), a negative pregnancy test.
• Race of all 4 grandparents self-identified either as all Caucasian or all African American.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD): lead

Study Sites (1)

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

Location

Related Publications (11)

• Yanovski SZ, Reynolds JC, Boyle AJ, Yanovski JA. Resting metabolic rate in African-American and Caucasian girls. Obes Res. 1997 Jul;5(4):321-5. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00558.x.

  PMID: 9285838 BACKGROUND

• Yanovski JA, Yanovski SZ, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of black and white women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Aug;77(2):536-41. doi: 10.1210/jcem.77.2.8393890.

  PMID: 8393890 BACKGROUND

• Ravussin E. Energy metabolism in obesity. Studies in the Pima Indians. Diabetes Care. 1993 Jan;16(1):232-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.16.1.232.

  PMID: 8422781 BACKGROUND

• Omotosho YB, Reynolds JC, Yanovski JA, Tatsi C. Body Composition and Fat Deposition in Children with Cushing Disease and Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. J Pediatr. 2025 Dec 3;290:114933. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2025.114933. Online ahead of print.

  PMID: 41349930 DERIVED

• Manoli I, Sysol JR, Head PE, Epping MW, Gavrilova O, Crocker MK, Sloan JL, Koutsoukos SA, Wang C, Ktena YP, Mendelson S, Pass AR, Zerfas PM, Hoffmann V, Vernon HJ, Fletcher LA, Reynolds JC, Tsokos MG, Stratakis CA, Voss SD, Chen KY, Brown RJ, Hamosh A, Berry GT, Chen XS, Yanovski JA, Venditti CP. Lipodystrophy in methylmalonic acidemia associated with elevated FGF21 and abnormal methylmalonylation. JCI Insight. 2024 Feb 22;9(4):e174097. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.174097.

  PMID: 38271099 DERIVED

• Ballenger KL, Tugarinov N, Talvacchio SK, Knue MM, Dang Do AN, Ahlman MA, Reynolds JC, Yanovski JA, Marini JC. Osteogenesis Imperfecta: The Impact of Genotype and Clinical Phenotype on Adiposity and Resting Energy Expenditure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Jan 1;107(1):67-76. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab679.

  PMID: 34519823 DERIVED

• Demidowich AP, Parikh VJ, Dedhia N, Branham RE, Madi SA, Marwitz SE, Roberson RB, Uhlman AJ, Levi NJ, Mi SJ, Jun JY, Broadney MM, Brady SM, Yanovski JA. Associations of the melanocortin 3 receptor C17A + G241A haplotype with body composition and inflammation in African-American adults. Ann Hum Genet. 2019 Sep;83(5):355-360. doi: 10.1111/ahg.12315. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

  PMID: 30937899 DERIVED

• Han JC, Reyes-Capo DP, Liu CY, Reynolds JC, Turkbey E, Turkbey IB, Bryant J, Marshall JD, Naggert JK, Gahl WA, Yanovski JA, Gunay-Aygun M. Comprehensive Endocrine-Metabolic Evaluation of Patients With Alstrom Syndrome Compared With BMI-Matched Controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jul 1;103(7):2707-2719. doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-00496.

  PMID: 29718281 DERIVED

• Radin RM, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Shomaker LB, Kelly NR, Pickworth CK, Shank LM, Altschul AM, Brady SM, Demidowich AP, Yanovski SZ, Hubbard VS, Yanovski JA. Metabolic characteristics of youth with loss of control eating. Eat Behav. 2015 Dec;19:86-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.07.002. Epub 2015 Jul 18.

  PMID: 26210388 DERIVED

• Tanofsky-Kraff M, Shomaker LB, Stern EA, Miller R, Sebring N, Dellavalle D, Yanovski SZ, Hubbard VS, Yanovski JA. Children's binge eating and development of metabolic syndrome. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012 Jul;36(7):956-62. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.259. Epub 2012 Jan 10.

  PMID: 22234282 DERIVED

• Shomaker LB, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Stern EA, Miller R, Zocca JM, Field SE, Yanovski SZ, Hubbard VS, Yanovski JA. Longitudinal study of depressive symptoms and progression of insulin resistance in youth at risk for adult obesity. Diabetes Care. 2011 Nov;34(11):2458-63. doi: 10.2337/dc11-1131. Epub 2011 Sep 12.

  PMID: 21911779 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Insulin Resistance

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Hyperinsulinism; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases

Study Officials

• Jack A Yanovski, M.D.

  Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: NIH
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 3, 1999
• First Posted: November 4, 1999
• Study Start: June 6, 1996
• Study Completion: April 12, 2018
• Last Updated: September 23, 2019

Record last verified: 2018-04-12

Locations

US (1)