Supplemental Calcium in Overweight People

NCT00030238 | Completed Phase 3

• 2 other identifiers: 02010002-CH-0100
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 540
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study will examine the health effects of calcium supplements in overweight adults. Overweight adults often eat a diet low in calcium. Some studies have found low calcium intake in people who have some of the medical problems often seen in overweight adults. This study will see if extra calcium improves the health of overweight adults. Volunteers in general good health 18 years of age or older who are overweight (body mass index equal to or greater than 25 kilograms per square meter of body surface) may be eligible for this study. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding may not participate. The study includes four visits, described below. Visit 1 Volunteers will be screened for participation in the study with a medical history, physical examination, and blood and urine tests. At home, they will collect a 24-hour urine sample; fill out questionnaires to assess their average calcium intake; and record their food intake for 7 days. Those enrolled in the study will continue with the next 3 visits. Visit 2 Participants will complete a physical activity questionnaire, have their food diary reviewed, and meet with a dietitian for nutritional counseling. Triceps fold thickness and waist and hip circumferences will be measured three times. Body composition will be analyzed by a DEXA study. For this procedure, the subject lies on a flat table while a small dose of X-rays is passed through the body. Participants will be randomly assigned to take either calcium carbonate (1500 mg/day) or placebo capsules twice a day by mouth for 2 years. (The placebo looks like the calcium capsules but contains no calcium.) They will receive a 6-month supply of study capsules during visit 2 and return to NIH every 6 months for the next supply. They will also be sent questionnaires by mail every 3 months to complete information about health problems and how often the study capsules are being taken. Visits 3 and 4 Visit 3 is scheduled after participants have taken the study capsules for 1 year; visit 4 is scheduled after 2 years (the end of the study). At each of these visits, participants will have a DEXA scan, blood and urine tests, blood pressure measurements, and measurements of height, weight, waist and hip circumference. They will complete questionnaires about their medical history, side effects of the study medications, dietary calcium intake, and physical activity, and they will meet with one of the study investigators to talk about any concerns regarding the study. At the fourth visit, participants will answer some additional questions about their study participation and return the Diet History Questionnaire that was mailed to them before the visit.

Conditions

Obesity

Keywords

Body Fat; Weight Gain; Adult; Hypertension; Dietary Supplements; Healthy Volunteer; HIV; Body Weight

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Primary research outcome will be change in body weight obtained from the calibrated scale measurements between the calcium-supplemented group versus the placebo treated group.

  2 years

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Secondary outcomes will be triceps skinfold fold thickness, body circumferences and DXA percentage fat measurements between the calcium-supplemented group versus the placebo treated group.

  2 years

Study Arms (2)

Active Treatment

OTHER

Subjects take calcium twice daily with meals

Drug: Calcium supplement

Control

OTHER

Subjects take placebo twice daily with meals.

Drug: Placebo

Interventions

Calcium supplement DRUG

Calcium Carbonate capsules prepared by NIH PDS

Active Treatment

Placebo DRUG

Placebo capsules prepared by the NIH PDS to be identical to Calcium Carbonate capsules

Control

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Volunteers will qualify if they meet the following criteria:
• Good general health. Individuals taking medication for obesity-related co-morbid conditions will not be excluded.
• Age greater than or equal to 18 years.
• Body Mass Index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m(2).
• For women with childbearing potential, a negative pregnancy test at the initial evaluation.
• Normal fasting serum Ca (2.05-2.55 mmol/L) and serum phosphorous levels (2.3 - 4.3 mg/dl).
• Volunteers will qualify if the meet the following criteria
• Good general health.
• Age greater than or equal to 18 years.
• Body Mass Index 1-24.99 kg/m(2)
• For women with childbearing potential, a negative pregnancy test at the initial evaluation. Since these subjects have to undergo DXA (dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) scan screening in their second visit, for safety purposes, pregnant women will be excluded from participation in the study.
• Normal fasting serum Ca (2.05-2.55 mmol/L) and serum phosphorus levels (2.3-4.3 mg/dl).

You may not qualify if:

• Volunteers will be excluded (and referred to non-experimental treatment programs as needed) for the following reasons:
• A presence of major illnesses: renal, hepatic (other than obesity-related steatosis), gastrointestinal, most endocrinologic (e.g., Cushing syndrome, hyper- or hypothyroidism), hematological problems or pulmonary disorders (other than asthma not requiring continuous medication or sleep-apnea related disorders);
• Women who are pregnant, or who are currently nursing an infant; or who are having unprotected intercourse;
• Individuals who have a current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or other condition that in the opinion of the investigators would impede competence or compliance or possibly hinder completion of the study;
• Subjects who regularly use prescription medications unrelated to the complications of obesity {e.g., calcium channel blockers, diuretics (including thiazide diuretics), beta-blockers etc}. Oral contraceptive use will be permitted, provided the contraceptive has been used for at least two months before starting study medication. The use of over-the-counter medications will be reviewed on a case-by -case basis;
• Subjects who have a total calcium intake of more than 3.5 g/day on the screening calcium intake questionnaire (SCQ) or more than 3 g/day of total calcium intake on review of their 7-day food diaries;
• Subjects who take supplement calcium in excess of 300 mg/day or vitamin D supplements in excess of 400 IU/day;
• Recent (3 months) use of anorexiant medications;
• History of renal stones;
• Intentional weight change of more than 3% of body weight in the past two months.
• Post-menopausal women who are medically advised to take calcium supplementation.
• Subjects with iPTH greater than 75 pg/ml (Normal range: 10-75 pg/ml) when associated with a serum calcium level greater than 2.5 mmol/L. (normal range 2.05 to 2.55 mmol/L)
• Subjects with a serum 25-(OH)-D level less than 10 ng/ml (Normal range: 10-68 ng/ml) when associated with a serum 1-225-(OH)(2)-D level of less than 22 pg/ml (Normal Range: 22-67 pg/ml.
• Subjects with a consistently (2 weeks apart) elevated systolic blood pressure of greater than 160 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure greater than 95 mm Hg.
• Volunteers will be excluded (and referred to non-experimental treatment programs as needed) for the following reasons:

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD): lead
• Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS): collaborator

Study Sites (1)

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

Location

Related Publications (7)

• Zemel MB, Shi H, Greer B, Dirienzo D, Zemel PC. Regulation of adiposity by dietary calcium. FASEB J. 2000 Jun;14(9):1132-8.

  PMID: 10834935 BACKGROUND

• Shi H, Halvorsen YD, Ellis PN, Wilkison WO, Zemel MB. Role of intracellular calcium in human adipocyte differentiation. Physiol Genomics. 2000 Aug 9;3(2):75-82. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.2000.3.2.75.

  PMID: 11015602 BACKGROUND

• Fleming KH, Heimbach JT. Consumption of calcium in the U.S.: food sources and intake levels. J Nutr. 1994 Aug;124(8 Suppl):1426S-1430S. doi: 10.1093/jn/124.suppl_8.1426S.

  PMID: 8064396 BACKGROUND

• Manoli I, Sysol JR, Head PE, Epping MW, Gavrilova O, Crocker MK, Sloan JL, Koutsoukos SA, Wang C, Ktena YP, Mendelson S, Pass AR, Zerfas PM, Hoffmann V, Vernon HJ, Fletcher LA, Reynolds JC, Tsokos MG, Stratakis CA, Voss SD, Chen KY, Brown RJ, Hamosh A, Berry GT, Chen XS, Yanovski JA, Venditti CP. Lipodystrophy in methylmalonic acidemia associated with elevated FGF21 and abnormal methylmalonylation. JCI Insight. 2024 Feb 22;9(4):e174097. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.174097.

  PMID: 38271099 DERIVED

• Demidowich AP, Parikh VJ, Dedhia N, Branham RE, Madi SA, Marwitz SE, Roberson RB, Uhlman AJ, Levi NJ, Mi SJ, Jun JY, Broadney MM, Brady SM, Yanovski JA. Associations of the melanocortin 3 receptor C17A + G241A haplotype with body composition and inflammation in African-American adults. Ann Hum Genet. 2019 Sep;83(5):355-360. doi: 10.1111/ahg.12315. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

  PMID: 30937899 DERIVED

• Han JC, Reyes-Capo DP, Liu CY, Reynolds JC, Turkbey E, Turkbey IB, Bryant J, Marshall JD, Naggert JK, Gahl WA, Yanovski JA, Gunay-Aygun M. Comprehensive Endocrine-Metabolic Evaluation of Patients With Alstrom Syndrome Compared With BMI-Matched Controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jul 1;103(7):2707-2719. doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-00496.

  PMID: 29718281 DERIVED

• Yanovski JA, Parikh SJ, Yanoff LB, Denkinger BI, Calis KA, Reynolds JC, Sebring NG, McHugh T. Effects of calcium supplementation on body weight and adiposity in overweight and obese adults: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Jun 16;150(12):821-9, W145-6. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-150-12-200906160-00005.

  PMID: 19528561 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Weight Gain; Hypertension; Body Weight

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Body Weight Changes; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases

Study Officials

• Jack A Yanovski, M.D.

  Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: phase 3
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: QUADRUPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: NIH
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 12, 2002
• First Posted: February 12, 2002
• Study Start: February 6, 2002
• Primary Completion: December 14, 2007
• Study Completion: December 14, 2007
• Last Updated: November 22, 2019

Record last verified: 2014-10-28

Locations

US (1)