Efficacy and Safety of Indoor Residual Spray for Dengue Vector Control

NCT07838701 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 00254/25
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 200
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This quasi-experimental interventional study was conducted over 1 year, from May 2024-May 2025 at Station Health Organization, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Cantonment. Two comparable localities in Peshawar Cantonment were selected based on previous dengue incidence reports. Non-Probability consecutive sampling technique was used. Prior approval was sought from Station Commander, Station Headquarters Peshawar to conduct the study in Peshawar Cantonment. Hospital ethical review certificate was obtained (vide CMH Peshawar Letter No: 00254/25). Written informed consent was taken from the participants for inclusion in the study. One locality was designated as the intervention area (Indoor Residual Spray applied), and the other as the control area (Indoor Residual Spray not applied). Households were selected using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. In the intervention area, indoor residual spraying was conducted using Deltamethrin 2.5% WP, following WHO guidelines. Spray teams were trained and monitored to ensure proper application on interior walls, dark corners, and mosquito resting sites. Spraying was repeated every three months. Entomological surveys were conducted at baseline and monthly thereafter in both areas, using larval/pupal indices (House Index and Breteau Index). Adult mosquito density was measured using backpack aspirators and resting catches. Dengue case data was collected by the Station Health Organization from CMH Peshawar and cross-checked with the Pathology department of the same hospital. The study was conducted as pilot study of the organization. Data was analyzed using Statistical Pacakage for Social Sceinces version 27. Mean mosquito density, larval indices, and dengue incidence were compared between intervention and control areas using paired t-test. A p-value \< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Conditions

Dengue

Keywords

Dengue; Vector Control; Mosquito

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• To assess the safety of indoor residual spray in terms of participants reported adverse side effects after the use of spray ; both immediate and up to 3 months folllow up

  To assess the safety of indoor residual spray in terms of participants reported adverse side effects after the use of spray ; both immediate and up to 3 months folllow up. Patients will report any adverse effects to the investigator, including rhinitis, skin rash, urticaria or any other newer finding noticed by the participant.

  3 months follow up to asses the safety of indoor residual spray

• To assess the efficacy of indoor residual spray using House Index

  The Efficacy of indoor residual spray was assessed using House Index. House Index was compared for interventional area where the indoor residual spray was performed and the control area which was intervention naive. The baseline and 3 months follow up indices were compared to ascertain the efficacy of intervention. The House Index (HI) is the percentage of inspected houses that have mosquito larvae or pupae in or around them

  3 months follow-up to assess the efficacy of indoor residual spray to kill the mosquitoes using changes in House Index.

• The Efficacy of indoor residual spray was assessed using Bretau Index.

  The Efficacy of indoor residual spray was assessed using Bretau Index. Bretau Index was compared for interventional area where the indoor residual spray was performed and the control area which was intervention naive. Bretau Index measures mosquito vector density by tracking the number of positive water-holding containers per 100 houses inspected

  The baseline and 3-month follow-up indices were compared to ascertain the efficacy of intervention.

Study Arms (2)

IRS Area

EXPERIMENTAL

100 households were inducted in the IRS Arms

Drug: Indoor residual spray with Deltamethrin 2.5% WP

Control Area

NO INTERVENTION

100 households were inducted in the Control Arm

Interventions

Indoor residual spray with Deltamethrin 2.5% WP DRUG

In the intervention area, indoor residual spraying was conducted using Deltamethrin 2.5% WP, following WHO guidelines. Spray teams were trained and monitored to ensure proper application on interior walls, dark corners, and mosquito resting sites. Spraying was repeated every three months.

IRS Area

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 60 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Households consenting to participate and allow entomological inspections.
• Permanent residents with no history of shifting during the study period.

You may not qualify if:

• Houses under construction or vacant.
• If any resident of the household had prior history of allergic reaction to the sprayed chemicals.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Pak Emirates Military Hospital: lead

Study Sites (1)

Station Health Organization C/O Combined Military Hospital Peshawar

Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25000, Pakistan

Location

Related Publications (2)

• Bowman LR, Donegan S, McCall PJ. Is Dengue Vector Control Deficient in Effectiveness or Evidence?: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Mar 17;10(3):e0004551. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004551. eCollection 2016 Mar.

  PMID: 26986468 BACKGROUND

• Gubler DJ. The global emergence/resurgence of arboviral diseases as public health problems. Arch Med Res. 2002 Jul-Aug;33(4):330-42. doi: 10.1016/s0188-4409(02)00378-8.

  PMID: 12234522 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dengue

Interventions

decamethrin

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mosquito-Borne Diseases; Vector Borne Diseases; Infections; Arbovirus Infections; Virus Diseases; Flavivirus Infections; Flaviviridae Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Senior Registrar

Model Details: it was a quasi experimental stud

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 6, 2026
• First Posted: September 24, 2026
• Study Start: May 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: May 1, 2025
• Study Completion: May 1, 2025
• Last Updated: September 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP
• Time Frame: 15 Sep 2026 to 15 Jun 2027
• Access Criteria: Upon request, any one associated with heathcare system may be able to accesss the study protocol and any statistical data analysis format

Locations

PA (1)